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Differential distribution of minerals in the proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni Zdzitowiecki, 1984 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) juveniles from Notothenia coriiceps Richardson off Argentine Islands, West Antarctica Cover

Differential distribution of minerals in the proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni Zdzitowiecki, 1984 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) juveniles from Notothenia coriiceps Richardson off Argentine Islands, West Antarctica

Open Access
|Nov 2025

Figures & Tables

Figs. 1-3.

Elemental analysis of anterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island Argentine Islands West Antarctica. 1. A Gallium-cut lateral section of an anterior hook showing spectra at which elemental analysis was performed. 2. Phase map of magnesium. 3. Phase map of phosphorous.
Elemental analysis of anterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island Argentine Islands West Antarctica. 1. A Gallium-cut lateral section of an anterior hook showing spectra at which elemental analysis was performed. 2. Phase map of magnesium. 3. Phase map of phosphorous.

Figs. 4-5.

Elemental analysis of anterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 4. Phase map of sulfur 5. Phase map of calcium.
Elemental analysis of anterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 4. Phase map of sulfur 5. Phase map of calcium.

Figs. 6-7.

Elemental analysis of anterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 6. Map of sum spectra with the inset showing the numerical analysis of the spectra. 7. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the root (spectrum 15).
Elemental analysis of anterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 6. Map of sum spectra with the inset showing the numerical analysis of the spectra. 7. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the root (spectrum 15).

Figs. 8-9.

Elemental analysis of anterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 8. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the root (spectrum 16). 9. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the hook middle (spectrum 17).
Elemental analysis of anterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 8. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the root (spectrum 16). 9. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the hook middle (spectrum 17).

Figs. 10-11.

Elemental analysis of anterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 10. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the hook middle (spectrum 18). 11. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the hook tip (spectrum 19).
Elemental analysis of anterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 10. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the hook middle (spectrum 18). 11. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the hook tip (spectrum 19).

Figs. 12-14.

Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 12. A Gallium-cut lateral section of a middle hook showing spectra at which elemental analysis was performed. 13. Phase map of magnesium. 14. Phase map of phosphorous.
Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 12. A Gallium-cut lateral section of a middle hook showing spectra at which elemental analysis was performed. 13. Phase map of magnesium. 14. Phase map of phosphorous.

Figs. 15-16.

Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 15. Phase map of sulfur 16. Phase map of calcium.
Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 15. Phase map of sulfur 16. Phase map of calcium.

Figs. 17-18.

Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 17. Map of sum spectra with the inset showing the numerical analysis of the spectra. 18. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the root (spectrum 1).
Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 17. Map of sum spectra with the inset showing the numerical analysis of the spectra. 18. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the root (spectrum 1).

Figs. 19-20.

Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 19. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the root (spectrum 2). 20. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the hook middle (spectrum 3).
Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 19. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the root (spectrum 2). 20. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the hook middle (spectrum 3).

Figs. 21-22.

Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 21. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the hook middle (spectrum 4). 22. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the hook tip (spectrum 5).
Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 21. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the hook middle (spectrum 4). 22. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the hook tip (spectrum 5).

Fig. 23.

Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 23. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the hook tip (spectrum 6).
Elemental analysis of middle proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 23. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the hook tip (spectrum 6).

Figs. 24-27.

Elemental analysis of posterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 24. A Gallium-cut lateral section of a posterior hook showing spectra at which elemental analysis was performed. 25. Phase map of phosphorous. 26. Phase map of sulfur. 27. Phase map of calcium.
Elemental analysis of posterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 24. A Gallium-cut lateral section of a posterior hook showing spectra at which elemental analysis was performed. 25. Phase map of phosphorous. 26. Phase map of sulfur. 27. Phase map of calcium.

Figs. 28-29.

Elemental analysis of posterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 28. Map of sum spectra with the inset showing the numerical analysis of the spectra. 29. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the root (spectrum 8).
Elemental analysis of posterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 28. Map of sum spectra with the inset showing the numerical analysis of the spectra. 29. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the edge of the root (spectrum 8).

Figs. 30-31.

Elemental analysis of posterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 30. Graphic and tabulated elements analyzed from the center of the root (spectrum 9). 31. Graphic and tabulated elements analyzed from the edge of the hook middle (spectrum 11).
Elemental analysis of posterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 30. Graphic and tabulated elements analyzed from the center of the root (spectrum 9). 31. Graphic and tabulated elements analyzed from the edge of the hook middle (spectrum 11).

Figs. 32-33.

Elemental analysis of posterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 32. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the hook middle (spectrum 12). 33. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the hook tip (spectrum 13).
Elemental analysis of posterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 32. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the center of the hook middle (spectrum 12). 33. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from the hook tip (spectrum 13).

Fig. 34.

Elemental analysis of posterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 34. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from below the hook tip (spectrum 14).
Elemental analysis of posterior proboscis hooks of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps off Galindez Island, Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. 34. Graphic and tabulated levels of elements analyzed from below the hook tip (spectrum 14).

Weight % of primary elements in different parts of hooks and hook roots of Corynosoma pseudohamanni collected from Notothenia coriiceps in West Antarctica_

SiteAnterior hooksMiddle hooksPosterior hooks
Calcium
Root edge60.7361.8348.55
Root center50.5867.8751.87
Middle hook11.4846.9816.92
Middle hook edge & center44.8314.05-24.4738.17
Hook tip32.1531.442.35
Phosphorus
Root edge16.9117.5816.05
Root center24.9121.8820.23
Middle hook2.0319.639.34
Middle hook edge & center11.439.13-14.6318.06
Hook tip14.7717.901.20
Sulfur
Root edge2.1001.46
Root center1.2501.11
Middle hook004.38
Middle hook edge & center0.681.55-7.061.33
Hook tip1.942.2510.58
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2025-0025 | Journal eISSN: 1336-9083 | Journal ISSN: 0440-6605
Language: English
Page range: 218 - 229
Submitted on: Feb 21, 2025
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Accepted on: Aug 1, 2025
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Published on: Nov 26, 2025
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open

© 2025 M. E. Caracciolo, O. M. Amin, C. Wendt, N. YU. Rubtsova, W De Souza, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.