Evaluation of the anthelmintic effectiveness of Cinnamomum verum bark extract in mice naturally infected with Aspiculuris tetraptera: in vitro and in vivo

Evaluation of the anthelmintic effectiveness of Cinnamomum verum bark extract in mice naturally infected with Aspiculuris tetraptera: in vitro and in vivo

Helminthologia

Volume 62 (2025): Issue 2 (June 2025)

By:

M. Murshed, H. Alzaylaee, M. M. Mares, H. M. A. Aljawdah and S. Al-Quraishy

Open Access

|Sep 2025

Figures & Tables

GCMS results of Cinnamomum verum bark extract.

Impact of different dosages of Cinnamomum verum bark leaf extracts on Aspiculuris tetraptera mortality rates at 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes (*Significant relative to the untreated group, p ≤0.01), # Significance of the untreated group statistically (p ≤0.05).

Mortality % of Aspiculuris tetraptera assayed with Cinnamomum verum bark extract (25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL) and the reference medication (10 mg/ml Albendazole), at various exposure durations (15, 30, 60, and 120 min).

Mean mortality % of Aspiculuris tetraptera adults at 200 mg/mL concentration for various exposure times (hrs).

The general impacts of different dosages of Cinnamomum verum bark extracts (25,50, 100, 200 mg/ml), and reference drug (10 mg/ml Albendazole) on the mortality rate of A. tetraptera of 15 to 120 minutes.
(*Significant relative to the untreated group, p ≤0.01), # Significance of the untreated group statistically (p ≤0.05). — The general impacts of different dosages of Cinnamomum verum bark extracts (25,50, 100, 200 mg/ml), and reference drug (10 mg/ml Albendazole) on the mortality rate of A. tetraptera of 15 to 120 minutes. (*Significant relative to the untreated group, p ≤0.01), # Significance of the untreated group statistically (p ≤0.05).

Principal effects of extracts from the bark of Cinnamomum verum at several dosages on the mortality rate of Aspiculuris tetraptera at 20, 40, 80, 120, and 180 minutes (*Significant relative to the untreated group, p ≤0.01). # Significance of the untreated group statistically (p ≤0.05).

Identification of phytochemical compounds by GC-Mass in Cinnamomum verum bark extracts_

Retention time (min)	Bioactive phytochemicals	Molecular weight	Formula	Peak area %
7.53	4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-	144	C₆H₈O₄	3.61
8.92	5-Hydroxymethylfurfural	126	C₆H₆O₃	4.33
10.74	Eugenol	164	C₁₀H₁₂O₂	25.89
11.34	Methyleugenol	178	C₁₁H₁₄O₂	0.77
13.04	1,2,4-Cyclopentanetrione, 3-(2-pentenyl)-	180	C₁₀H₁₂O₃	0.81
13.93	Methoxyeugenol	194	C₁₁H₁₄O₃	1.30
15.14	2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 4-(3-hydroxybutyl)-3,5,5-trimethyl-	201	C₁₃H₂₂O₂	0.33
15.35	Spathulenol	220	C₁₅H₂₄O	0.28
16.15	5,5,8a-Trimethyl-3,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2H-chromene	180	C₁₂H₂₀O	0.80
17.87	n-Hexadecanoic acid	256	C₁₆H₃₂O₂	5.97
19.68	Linoleic acid	280	C₁₈H₃₂O₂	32.84
19.72	Oleic Acid	282	C₁₈H₃₄O₂	14.61
19.87	Octadecanoic acid	284	C₁₈H₃₆O₂	1.72
20.62	Palmitoyl chloride	274	C₁₆H₃₁ClO	0.23
22.16	Linoleoyl chloride	298	C₁₈H₃₁ClO	1.35
25.34	Squalene	410	C₃₀H₅₀	4.52
27.52	γ-Tocopherol	416	C₂₈H₄₈O₂	0.42
28.09	Stigmastan-3,5-diene	396	C₂₉H₄₈	0.11
31.30	Stigmasterol	412	C₂₉H₄₈O	0.34
32.39	Stigmast-7-en-3-ol	414	C₂₉H₅₀O	0.17

The average number of A_ tetraptera worms obtained by fecal and intestinal centrifugation flotation per cage per mouse at necropsy in a strain of mice treated with Cinnamomum verum bark extract and the anthelmintic drug_

Groups	n	Average no. of worms after 3 days of treatment		Average no. of worms after 6 days of treatment
		In feces	In intestinal	In feces	In intestinal
Infected	5	245±45	395±57	284±25	367±45
25 mg/kg	5	213±15	275±15	220±5	156±11
50 mg/kg	5	75±11	121±15	110±5	112±9
100 mg/kg	5	48±11	90±15	20±5	25±9
200 mg/kg	5	2±1.1	7±1	0	0
Albandazol 10 mg/kg	5	3±1	11±2	0	0

Means of mortality % (± SE) of Cinnamomum verum bark extract at various exposure duration (15, 30, 60, and 60 mins) against Aspiculuris tetraptera_

Concentration	Mortality (%)
Concentration	15 min	30 min	60 min	120 min
Control	0.0 ± 0.0 ^c	0 ± 0.0 ^c	0 ± 0.0 ^c	0 ± 0.0 ^c
25 mg/mL	0.0 ± 0.0 ^c	11± 3.5 ^abc	4± 2.4 ^bc	0 ± 0.0 ^c
50 mg/mL	14.3± 2.7 ^abc	35± 2.5 ^a	23.3± 4.4 ^abc	3.3± 2.7 ^bc
100 mg/mL	26.7± 11.9 ^abc	26.3± 22.4 ^ab	45.7± 7.2 ^abc	3.5± 2.5 ^bc
200 mg/mL	40± 4.7 ^a	33.3± 16.6 ^ab	23.3± 11 ^abc	3.3± 2.7 ^bc
Albendazole 10 mg/mL	41 ± 3.2 ^a	30±13.4 ^ab	22.3± 11.9 ^abc	4.3± 1.9 ^abc

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2025-0012 | Journal eISSN: 1336-9083 | Journal ISSN: 0440-6605

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Language: English

Page range: 102 - 110

Submitted on: May 17, 2024

Accepted on: May 25, 2025

Published on: Sep 30, 2025

Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 times per year

Keywords:

bark,

Related subjects:

Zoology,

Ecology,

Life sciences, other,

Medicine,

Clinical medicine,

Microbiology, virology and infection epidemiology

© 2025 M. Murshed, H. Alzaylaee, M. M. Mares, H. M. A. Aljawdah, S. Al-Quraishy, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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Evaluation of the anthelmintic effectiveness of Cinnamomum verum bark extract in mice naturally infected with Aspiculuris tetraptera: in vitro and in vivo

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.

Fig. 6.

Identification of phytochemical compounds by GC-Mass in Cinnamomum verum bark extracts_

The average number of A_ tetraptera worms obtained by fecal and intestinal centrifugation flotation per cage per mouse at necropsy in a strain of mice treated with Cinnamomum verum bark extract and the anthelmintic drug_

Means of mortality % (± SE) of Cinnamomum verum bark extract at various exposure duration (15, 30, 60, and 60 mins) against Aspiculuris tetraptera_

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