Fig 1.
Fig 2.
Fig 3.
Fig 4.
Fig 5.
Fig 6.
Fig 7.
Infrared (IR) spectrum of OESME by frequency range_
| Absorption (cm−1) | Transmittance (%) | Appearance | Group | Compound class |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3410.86 | 1.911949 | medium | N-H stretching | aliphatic primary amine |
| 2933.25 | 5.776791 | medium | C-H stretching | alkane |
| 1717.40 | 8.022296 | strong | C=O stretching | conjugated acid |
| 1613.77 | 4.368951 | strong | C=C stretching | α,β-unsaturated ketone |
| 1517.71 | 8.653738 | strong | N-O stretching | nitro compound |
| 1447.29 | 5.797619 | medium | C-H bending | alkane |
| 1356.37 | 5.676562 | medium | O-H bending | alcohol |
| 1202.98 | 5.827868 | strong | C-N stretching | vinyl ether |
| 1101.19 | 5.561848 | strong | C-O stretching | secondary alcohol |
| 1047.44 | 4.379712 | strong, broad | CO-O-CO stretching | anhydride |
| 863.12 | 12.04349 | strong | C-H bending | 1,2,4-trisubstituted |
| 798.46 | 11.73666 | strong | C-H bending | 1,2,3-trisubstituted |
| 761.97 | 10.57862 | strong | C-H bending | 1,2-disubstituted |
| 650.63 | 9.6639 | strong | C-I stretching | halo compound |
Cytotoxicity in terms of IC50 dose of OESME and OELME against the lung (A549) cancer and human breast (MCF7) cell lines after 48 h of incubation by MTT Assay_
| Sample | Cell lines and IC50 (µg/ml) | |
|---|---|---|
| A549 | MCF-7 | |
| OESME | 303.5 ± 3.25 * | 326.5 ± 2.87 * |
| OELME | 252.5 ± 3.9 * | 363.3 ± 3.04 * |
| Doxorubicin | 1.5 ± 0.04 | 1.2 ± 0.06 |
In vitro anthelmintic activity of Olea europaea extract (OESME and OELME)_
| Test samples | Concentration (mg/ml) | Time is taken for paralysis (min.) | Percentage of worms paralyzed | Time is taken for death (min.) | Percentage of worms’ dead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (H2O) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| OELME | 25 mg/ml | 135.292 ± 9.247 *# | 20% | 164.548 ± 8.597 *# | 20% |
| 50 mg/ml | 63.074 ± 8.660 *# | 40% | 146.732 ± 5.756 *# | 40% | |
| 100 mg/ml | 84.808 ± 7.796 *# | 60% | 119.158 ± 9.198 *# | 60% | |
| 200 mg/ml | 39.158 ± 4.068 *# | 100% | 48.336 ± 11.027 *# | 100% | |
| OESME | 25 mg/ml | 145.368 ± 3.639 *# | 20% | 161.306 ± 7.641 *# | 20% |
| 50 mg/ml | 79.988 ± 8.372 *# | 40% | 106.456 ± 9.346 *# | 40% | |
| 100 mg/ml | 82.47 ± 8.231 *# | 60% | 94.066 ± 8.834 *# | 60% | |
| 200 mg/ml | 35.728 ± 2.396 *# | 100% | 36.848 ± 2.328 *# | 100% | |
| Mebendazole | 10 mg/ml | 13.91 ± 0.373 * | 100% | 18.2 ± 0.980 * | 100% |
Infrared (IR) spectrum of OELME by frequency range_
| Absorption (cm−1) | Transmittance (%) | Appearance | Group | Compound class |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3397.55 | 1.252463 | medium | N-H stretching | aliphatic primary amine |
| 2933.45 | 4.512668 | strong, broad | N-H stretching | amine salt |
| 1719.84 | 6.204029 | strong | C=O stretching | α.β-unsaturated ester |
| 1610.96 | 2.947124 | strong | C=C stretching | α.β-unsaturated ketone |
| 1515.67 | 7.879805 | strong | N-O stretching | nitro compound |
| 1447.61 | 4.298548 | medium | C-H bending | alkane |
| 1354.99 | 3.710983 | medium | O-H bending | alcohol |
| 1202.49 | 3.755297 | strong | C-O stretching | vinyl ether |
| 1099.89 | 4.343475 | strong | C-O stretching | Secondary alcohol |
| 1046.74 | 3.118347 | strong, broad | CO-O-CO stretching | anhydride |
| 905.22 | 13.43325 | strong | C=C bending | alkene |
| 863.38 | 12.6943 | strong | C-H bending | 1,2,4-trisubstituted |
| 799.03 | 12.05039 | medium | C=C bending | alkene |
| 762.46 | 10.30954 | strong | C-H bending | 1,2-disubstituted |
| 650.57 | 9.489779 | strong | C-I stretching | halo compound |