Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Loading factor of the variables of the species of M_ hawaiiensis_
| F1 | F2 | |
|---|---|---|
| L | 0.661 | −0.043 |
| a | 0.555 | −0.394 |
| b | 0.783 | 0.388 |
| c | −0.548 | −0.346 |
| c′ | −0.291 | 0.808 |
| V | −0.162 | −0.463 |
| Lip region width | 0.353 | −0.278 |
| Buccal cavity length | 0.536 | −0.592 |
| Buccal cavity width | −0.251 | 0.598 |
| Dorsal tooth apex% | 0.211 | 0.360 |
| Tail length | 0.842 | 0.480 |
Measurements of Mylonchulus hawaiiensis (Cassidy, 1931) Goodey, 1951 from South Africa [all measurements in µm and in the format: mean ± standard deviation (range)]_
| Body length | 1183.5 ± 56.9 (1139 – 1259) |
| a | 36.2 ± 6.5 (30.7 – 45.6) |
| b | 3.3 ± 0.1 (3.3 – 3.4) |
| c | 36.6 ± 7.7 (29.3 – 47.5) |
| c′ | 1.3 ± 0.4 (1.0 – 1.7) |
| V | 65.8 ± 0.8 (65 – 67) |
| G1 | 22.6 ± 5.1 (17 – 28) |
| G2 | 18.6 ± 2.8 (16 – 22) |
| Lip region diameter | 22.3 ± 1.3 (21 – 24) |
| Buccal cavity length | 30.0 ± 1.4 (28 – 31) |
| Buccal cavity diameter | 10.3 ± 1.3 (9 – 12) |
| Amphidial position to ant. end | 11.7 ± 5.1 (6 – 16) |
| Amphidial aperture diameter | 4.8 ± 0.5 (4 – 5) |
| Foramen ventral | 6.0 ± 0.8 (5 – 7) |
| Foramen dorsal | 5.5 ± 1.3 (4 – 7) |
| Dorsal tooth width | 3.9 ± 0.7 (3 – 5) |
| Dorsal tooth length | 8.0 ± 0.8 (7 – 9) |
| Dorsal tooth apex% | 68.6 ± 2.1 (67 – 71) |
| Nerve ring to ant. end | 92.3 ± 7.9 (82 – 99) |
| Excretory pore to ant. end | 105.3 ±12.5 (93 – 118) |
| Pharynx | 330.0 ± 12.3 (316 – 339) |
| Neck | 355.8 ± 12.8 (344 – 370) |
| Cardia length | 7.3 ± 2.2 (5 – 10) |
| Cardia diameter | 8.0 ± 1.4 (7 – 10) |
| Body diameter at neck | 34.5 ± 1.3 (33 – 36) |
| Body diameter at mid body | 33.5 ± 6.0 (25 – 39) |
| Body diameter at anus | 25.3 ± 1.5 (24 – 27) |
| Cuticle | 1.4 ± 0.3 (1.2 – 1.8) |
| Vagina | 9.0 ± 1.0 (8 – 10) |
| Anterior genital branch | 269.7 ± 55.6 (207 – 313) |
| Anterior ovary | 120.5 ± 26.2 (102 – 139) |
| Posterior genital branch | 223.0 ± 30.5 (202 – 258) |
| Posterior ovary | 106.0 ± 11.3 (98 – 114) |
| Rectum | 19.8 ± 2.1 (18 – 22) |
| Tail | 33.5 ± 7.9 (24 – 43) |
Factor score for the species of M_ hawaiiensis from different locations_
| Observation | Sample size (n) | Reference | F1 | F2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hawaii | 1 | Cassidy, 1931 | 1.821 | −1.743 |
| South Africa | 16 | Coetzee, 1966 | 1.764 | 0.214 |
| Nigeria | 18 | Mulvey & Jansen, 1967 | −0.274 | −0.352 |
| India | 5 | Jairajpuri, 1970 | −1.013 | 0.632 |
| El Salvador | 2 | Baqri & Jairajpuri, 1974 | −2.687 | 0.262 |
| India | 200 | Khan & Jairajpuri, 1979 | −2.168 | 2.261 |
| India | 28 | Patil & Khan, 1982 | 0.006 | 1.089 |
| India | 1 | Jairajpuri & Khan, 1982 | −1.097 | 0.580 |
| Argentina | 10 | Chaves, 1990 | 1.110 | 0.365 |
| Costa Rica | 1 | Zullini et al., 2002 | 0.402 | −1.212 |
| Iran | 5 | Shokoohi et al., 2013 | 2.005 | 1.819 |
| Iran | 10 | Shokoohi & Moyo, 2022 | 1.985 | 1.403 |
| Indonesia | 4 | Pradana & Yoshiga, 2023 | −2.832 | −2.211 |
| South Africa | 10 | present study | 0.977 | −3.106 |
The comparative measurements for M_ hawaiiensis populations_
| Reference | Location | L | a | b | c | c′ | V | Lip region width | Buccal cavity length | Buccal cavity width | Dorsal tooth apex% | Tail length |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cassidy 1931 | Hawaii | 1000 | 33.3 | 3.6 | 25 | 1.3 | 61 | 27.1 | 27 | 13 | 79 | 40 |
| Coetzee 1966 | South Africa | 800 – 1500 | 19 – 30 | 3.1 – 4.1 | 21 – 35 | 1.8 | 53 – 63 | 28.8 | 30.3 | 17.4 | 82 | 45.5 |
| Mulvey & Jansen, 1967 | Nigeria | 900 – 1300 | 22 – 32 | 3.1 – 4.0 | 26.3 – 43.5 | 1.5 | 54 – 62 | 22.5 | 20 – 23 | 11.0 – 13.0 | 73 | 23 – 42 |
| Jairajpuri, 1970 | India | 870 – 980 | 22 – 26 | 3.2 – 3.6 | 27 – 31 | 1.8 – 1.9 | 58 – 60 | 20 – 25 | 22 – 25 | 14 – 17 | 79 | 30 – 40 |
| Baqri & Jairajpuri, 1973 | El Salvador | 600 – 840 | 19 – 20 | 3.0 – 3.1 | 25 – 27 | – | 60 – 63 | – | 20 – 23 | – | – | 23 – 35 |
| Khan & Jairajpuri, 1979 | India | 700 – 1350 | 17 – 30 | 2.9 – 4.0 | 25 – 54 | – | 50 – 70 | – | 17 – 30 | 10.0 – 16.0 | 65 – 85 | 24 – 45 |
| Patil & Khan, 1982 | India | 780 – 1300 | 21 – 30 | 2.6 – 3.8 | 22 – 30 | 1.5 – 2.0 | 54 – 61 | 20 – 25 | 21 – 26 | 11.0 – 17.0 | 57 – 75 | 37 – 43 |
| Jairajpuri & Khan, 1982 | India | 700 – 1350 | 17 – 30 | 2.9 – 4.0 | 25 – 54 | 1.9 | 51 – 58 | 16 – 29 | 17 – 30 | 10.0 – 16.0 | 70 – 85 | 24 – 45 |
| Chaves 1990 | Argentina | 960 – 1370 | 23.7 – 32.0 | 3.2 – 3.9 | 20.0 – 33.4 | 1.5 – 1.8 | 55 – 60 | 23 – 25 | 22 – 27 | 15.0 – 17.0 | 73 – 77 | 34 – 49 |
| Zullini et al., 2002 | Costa Rica | 1200 | 22 | 3.5 | 35 | 1.3 | 59 | 25 | 27 | 14 | – | 34 |
| Shokoohi et al., 2013 | Iran | 925 – 1137 | 19.3 – 28.8 | 3.3 – 4.2 | 19.2 – 27.0 | 1.4 – 2.0 | 50 – 62 | 21 – 30 | 24 – 31 | 11.0 – 17.0 | 57 – 75 | 38 – 49 |
| Shokoohi and Moyo, 2022 | Iran | 1195 | 24 | 3.7 | 23.5 | 1.7 | 55.3 | 24 | 27.3 | 14.8 | 64 | 43.3 |
| Pradana & Yoshiga, 2023 | Indonesia | 622 – 1300 | 15.6 – 23.3 | 2.2 – 4.0 | 36.7 – 37.8 | 1.3 – 1.5 | 50 – 61 | 23 – 34 | 27 – 30 | 14 – 15 | 75 | 17 – 35 |
| Present study | South Africa | 1139 – 1259 | 30.7 – 45.6 | 3.3 – 3.4 | 29.3 – 47.5 | 1.0 – 1.7 | 65 – 67 | 21 – 24 | 28 – 31 | 9.0 – 12.0 | 67 – 71 | 24 – 43 |