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Prevalence of ruminant paramphistomosis and comparative histopathology of the infected rumens in Narowal district, Punjab, Pakistan Cover

Prevalence of ruminant paramphistomosis and comparative histopathology of the infected rumens in Narowal district, Punjab, Pakistan

Helminthologia
Volume 59 (2022): Issue 4 (December 2022)
By: H. M. Rizwan,  M. Usman,  M. A. Naeem,  M. U. Farid,  M. Younus,  M. S. Sajid,  U. B. Tahir,  N. Luqman,  H. Abbas,  M. K. Ateeq,  M. S. A. Taseer and  M. Asif  
Open Access
|Dec 2022

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

The percentage prevalence and burden of Paramphistomum spp. in ruminants of district Narowal, Punjab Pakistan
The percentage prevalence and burden of Paramphistomum spp. in ruminants of district Narowal, Punjab Pakistan

Fig. 2

Histo-micrograph of different ruminal sections collected from different groups of large ruminants. Ruminal sections showing normal tunics of rumen along with the epithelial thickness, ruminal papilla length and width, tunica submucosa and muscularis externae. These parameters are recorded significantly decreased with the parasitic loads in different groups. The disruption of epithelium (ED) in the ruminal mucosa is seen in the GB and GC. Furthermore, compromised cell junctions in the epithelium (small black arrow) are also seen in GB and GC (H&E, Upper row 40X, lower row 100X, scale bar 100μm). Normal: Normal or control negative group, GA: Animals with parasitic load of 10-20/5cm2, Group B (GB) animals with the parasitic load 20-40/5cm2.Group C (GC): Animal with parasitic load >41/5cm2. PL: Ruminal papilla length, PW: Ruminal papilla width, TS: Tunica submucosa, TM: Muscularis externae, EW: Epithelium thickness.
Histo-micrograph of different ruminal sections collected from different groups of large ruminants. Ruminal sections showing normal tunics of rumen along with the epithelial thickness, ruminal papilla length and width, tunica submucosa and muscularis externae. These parameters are recorded significantly decreased with the parasitic loads in different groups. The disruption of epithelium (ED) in the ruminal mucosa is seen in the GB and GC. Furthermore, compromised cell junctions in the epithelium (small black arrow) are also seen in GB and GC (H&E, Upper row 40X, lower row 100X, scale bar 100μm). Normal: Normal or control negative group, GA: Animals with parasitic load of 10-20/5cm2, Group B (GB) animals with the parasitic load 20-40/5cm2.Group C (GC): Animal with parasitic load >41/5cm2. PL: Ruminal papilla length, PW: Ruminal papilla width, TS: Tunica submucosa, TM: Muscularis externae, EW: Epithelium thickness.

Fig. 3

Histo-micrograph of different ruminal sections collected from different groups of small ruminants. Ruminal sections showing normal tunics of rumen along with the epithelial thickness, ruminal papilla length and width, tunica submucosa and muscularis externae in upper row. These parameters are recorded significantly decreased with the parasitic loads as showed in lower row. The disruption of epithelium (small arrow) in the ruminal mucosa (H&E, left column 40X, right column100X, scale bar 100μm).
Histo-micrograph of different ruminal sections collected from different groups of small ruminants. Ruminal sections showing normal tunics of rumen along with the epithelial thickness, ruminal papilla length and width, tunica submucosa and muscularis externae in upper row. These parameters are recorded significantly decreased with the parasitic loads as showed in lower row. The disruption of epithelium (small arrow) in the ruminal mucosa (H&E, left column 40X, right column100X, scale bar 100μm).

Binary logistic regression analysis for factors potentially associated with Paramphistomum infection in ruminants of district Narowal, Punjab Pakistan_

VariablesCategoriesParamphistomum
Test (p-value)OR (95% CI)
YesNo
AgeAdult19011733.027 (0.000)*0.002 (0.000 – 0.018)
Young
26
51
–
–
SexMale12612953.253 (0.000)*8.968 (4.975 – 16.165)
Female
90
39
–
–
SpeciesCattle763429.590 (0.000)*10.997 (4.636 – 26.090)
Goat536828.446 (0.000)*328.390 (39.053 – 2761.354)
Sheep22310.049 (0.825)1.089 (0.513 – 2.310)
Buffalo6535––

Analysis of Means ± SEM of different histological features of rumens amongst different groups of large and small ruminants of Narowal district, Punjab, Pakistan_

Parameters (μm)NormalGroup AGroup BGroup C
Large Ruminants
Epithelium Thickness46.96±2.05a35.49±1.93b31.12±1.82b31.07±1.68b
Ruminal Papilla Length645.34±10.27a562.98±17.57 b448.42±6.48c424.42±15.12c
Ruminal Papilla Width310.63±25.47a290.80±27.88 a284.52±4.15 a209.55±6.31b
Tela Submucosa213.39±8.61a194.69±6.64ab198.08±10.28ab192.01±5.54ab
Muscularis Externae714.83±31.76a697.85±34.71b533.91±16.12c525.35±12.82c
Small Ruminants
Epithelium Thickness41.65±3.24 a38.2±0.76 a29.76±4.76 b30.78±0.97 b
Ruminal Papilla Length712.87±9.27 a680.37±12.72 a503.46±15.7 b418.30±17.36 c
Ruminal Papilla Width205.32±7.5 a187.97±7.5 a198.31±4.2 a190.47±10.3 a
Tela Submucosa177.45±8.3 a175.37±9.1 a168.59±6.3 a170.67±10.2 a
Muscularis Externae503.46±23.29 a498.71±15.78 a415.60±12.08 b405.36 ±16.32 b
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0041 | Journal eISSN: 1336-9083 | Journal ISSN: 0440-6605
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Language: English
Page range: 377 - 384
Submitted on: Aug 10, 2022
Accepted on: Nov 18, 2022
Published on: Dec 30, 2022
Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Prevalence,
Ruminants,
Histopathology,
Pakistan
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Zoology,
Ecology,
Life sciences, other,
Medicine,
Clinical medicine,
Microbiology, virology and infection epidemiology

© 2022 H. M. Rizwan, M. Usman, M. A. Naeem, M. U. Farid, M. Younus, M. S. Sajid, U. B. Tahir, N. Luqman, H. Abbas, M. K. Ateeq, M. S. A. Taseer, M. Asif, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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