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Ruta chalepensis full extract and organic phases exhibit nematocidal activity against Haemonchus contortus eggs and infective larvae (L3) Cover

Ruta chalepensis full extract and organic phases exhibit nematocidal activity against Haemonchus contortus eggs and infective larvae (L3)

Open Access
|May 2022

Abstract

The ovicidal and larvicidal effect of a full aqueous extract (FE) and two phases: an aqueous (Aq-Ph) and an ethyl acetate (EtOAc-Ph) from Ruta chalepensis (Rc) stems and leaves against Haemonchus contortus (Hc) were assessed. The egg hatching inhibition (EHI) assay and larval mortality (LM) test were performed by triplicate in 96-well micro-titration plates (n=4 wells). The FE against Hc eggs and larvae was assessed at 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL; and 30, 60, 90, 120,150 and 200 mg/ mL, respectively. The ovicidal effect of Aq-F and EtOAc-F was assessed at 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL. Plates were incubated at 28 °C for 48 (ovicidal assay) and 72 h (larvicidal assay). The EHI results were considered based on the mean number of eggs hatching failure after 48 h exposure. The LM was recorded after 72 h exposure to the Rc phases and expressed as mortality percentage. The Rc FE caused 96 and 100% EHI at 10 and 20 mg/mL, respectively; meanwhile, 74% LM was recorded at 200 mg/mL (p<0.05). The Aq-Ph showed 78.5% EHI at 2.5 mg/mL. Likewise, the EtOAc-Ph caused 100% EHI in almost all concentrations. Eighteen compounds including alkaloids, cumarins, triterpens, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and sterols were identified by GC-MS analysis. The results indicate that the aqueous extract from Rc possesses bioactive compounds with in vitro nematocidal activity against Hc; mainly in the EtOAc-Ph. Further studies should be performed to elucidate those compounds searching for alternative methods of control of the sheep haemonchosis.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0001 | Journal eISSN: 1336-9083 | Journal ISSN: 0440-6605
Language: English
Page range: 46 - 54
Submitted on: Apr 14, 2021
Accepted on: Nov 26, 2021
Published on: May 4, 2022
Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 times per year

© 2022 G. Jasso-Díaz, G. Torres-Hernández, A. Zamilpa, C.M. Becerril-Pérez, J. E. Ramírez-Bribiesca, O. Hernández-Mendo, H. Sánchez-Arroyo, A. Olmedo-Juárez, M. González-Cortazar, P. Mendoza-De Gives, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.