Demographics of cystic echinococcosis patients treated surgically in Lahore, Pakistan: A single centre study from 2007 – 2018

Age (years)	Male (%)	Female (%)	Total Cases (%)
1 – 10	32 (14.1)	20 (6.4)	52 (9.7)
11 – 20	41 (18.1)	52 (16.7)	93 (17.3)
21 – 30	52 (23)	83 (26.7)	135 (25.2)
31 – 40	37 (16.3)	68 (21.9)	105 (19.6)
41 – 50	27 (11.9)	49 (15.8)	76 (14.2)
51 – 60	17 (7.5)	25 (8.1)	42 (7.8)
61 ≥	20 (8.8)	13 (4.2)	33 (6.2)
	226 (42.2)	310 (57.8)	536 (100)

Table 2

Province or region of origin for 536 CE cases treated surgically at Shoukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre in Lahore, Pakistan from 2007 – 2018.

Province or Region	2007 – 2010	2011 – 2014	2015 – 2018	Total Cases (%)
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa	65	158	113	336 (62.7)
Punjab	45	53	49	147 (27.4)
Afghanistan	5	16	7	28 (5.2)
Baluchistan	2	8	8	18 (3.3)
Sindh	2	-	1	3 (0.6)
Islamabad	-	1	1	2 (0.4)
Gilgit Baltistan	-	-	1	1 (0.2)
Azad Jammu and Kashmir	-	1	-	1
	119 (22.20%)	237 (44.22%)	180 (33.58%)	(0.2) 536 (100)

Table 3

Ethnicity for 536 CE cases treated surgically at Shoukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre in Lahore, Pakistan from 2007 – 2018.

Ethnicity	Total cases (%)
Pashtun	197 (36.7)
Hindku	142 (26.5)
Punjabi	118 (22.0)
Afghani	28 (5.2)
Saraiki	26 (4.9)
Balochi	18 (3.4)
Other*	7 (1.3)
Total	536 (100)

[i] *Gilgit, Kashmiri, Muhajir, Sindhi

Table 4

Treatment year, anatomic cyst location, and imaging technique used for 536 CE cases treated surgically at Shoukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre in Lahore, Pakistan from 2007 – 2018.

Parameter	Number of Cases	Percentage (%)
Year
2007	24	4.5
2008	28	5.2
2009	41	7.6
2010	30	5.6
2011	52	9.7
2012	51	9.5
2013	90	16.8
2014	51	9.5
2015	48	9.0
2016	48	9.0
2017	38	7.1
2018	35	6.5
Cyst location
Liver	137	25.6
Lungs	86	16.0
Brain	43	8.0
Abdomen	41	7.6
Uterus and ovary	26	4.9
Chest	25	4.7
Spleen	24	4.5
Kidney	14	2.6
*Other	88	16.4
Site not mentioned	52	9.7
Imaging technique
Computed tomography scan	405	75.6
Ultrasound	223	41.6
Magnetic resonance imaging	107	20.0
Radiography	87	16.2
Data not available	52	9.7

[i] *Heart, gallbladder, pancreas, face, neck, thigh, intestines, back, femur, shoulder, thyroid, pituitary, eye, pelvic region, liver + spleen, liver + gallbladder, spleen + lung, pancreas + spleen

Table S1

City and province of origin for 536 CE cases treated at Shoukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre Lahore, Pakistan from 2007 - 2018.

City	Province	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Total
Afghanistan	Afghanistan	1		3	1	14	2			1	2	1	3	28
Islamabad	Islamabad							1		1				2
Bagh	AJK								1					1
Abbottabad	KPK						1		1					2
Bajaur	KPK		1					1					1	3
Bannu	KPK					2	2	1	1					6
Bara	KPK		1	2				1		2		1		7
Charsada	KPK			2	1	2		1	1		1			8
Dassu	KPK					1								1
Dera Ismail Khan	KPK			1		1		1	2					5
Daggar	KPK		1											1
Hangu	KPK		1			1		1						3
Jamrud	KPK		1						1					2
Kohat	KPK						1			1	2		1	5
Kurram	KPK							1						1
Karak	KPK			1		1		1			2	1	2	8
Khar Bajaur	KPK									1		2	1	4
Khyber	KPK												1	1
Kabal	KPK						3	22	2		1			28
Landi Kotal	KPK										1			1
Lakki Marwat	KPK		1		1								3	5
Lower Dir	KPK				1		1					1	1	4
Malakand	KPK						1	1	1	1	2	1		7
Mansehra	KPK										1			1
Mardan	KPK		1	1		1		3		2	1	1	2	12
Miran Shah	KPK				1		1	1						3
Mohmand	KPK												1	1
N.Waziristan	KPK										1		2	3
Nowshera	KPK			2					2	1	1	3		9
Peshawar	KPK	3	11	15	14	15	19	25	4	9	10	6	9	140
Parachanar	KPK										1			1
Razmak	KPK											1	1	2
Sawabi	KPK									1				1
Swat	KPK				1	1	5	3	20	14	9	3	2	58
Upper Dir	KPK					1					1			2
Waziristan	KPK			1										1
Arifwala	Punjab						1							1
Attock	Punjab	1						1		1				3
Bahawalnagar	Punjab										2			2
Bhakkar	Punjab				1									1
Bahawalnagar	Punjab										1			1
Bahawalpur	Punjab		1					1	1		1			4
Bakkar	Punjab					1								1
D.G Khan	Punjab	2						2		1				5
Faisalabad	Punjab	2	1			1	1		1				2	8
Gujranwala	Punjab	2	1	1		1	1		2	2	2			12
Gujrat	Punjab				1						1			2
Jhang	Punjab				1	1							2	5
Jehlum	Punjab				1									1
Kasur	Punjab												1	1
Khanpur	Punjab					1							1	2
Lodhran	Punjab											1		1
Lahore	Punjab	9	5	6	4	3	4	11	5	1	5	8	4	65
Mianwali	Punjab			1										1
Multan	Punjab					1	2			1	1			5
Muzaffargarh	Punjab		1										1	2
Okara	Punjab					1							1	2
Rahim Yar Khan	Punjab	1				1	1				1	1		5
Rawalpindi	Punjab						1	1	1		1	1		5
Sadiq abad	Punjab										1			1
Sialkot	Punjab							1	1			1		3
Sahiwal	Punjab								1					1
Sargodha	Punjab	1			1			1	1	2				6
Taunsa	Punjab											1		1
Chaman	Balochistan							1					1	2
Quetta	Balochistan	1	1			1	3	1	2	3		2	2	16
Karachi	Sindh	1										1		2
Sukkur Taluka	Sindh			1										1
Skardu	Gilgit Baltistan											1		1
Total		24	28	38	29	52	50	84	51	45	52	38	45	536

[i] *KPK- Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Table S2

Sex, ethnicity, and cyst location by age group for CE patients (n=546) treated at Shoukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre Lahore, Pakistan from 2007 - 2018.

		Age (in years)
	Parameters	<7	7-12	13-18	19-24	25-30	31-36	37-42	43-48	49-54	55-60	61+	Total
Sex
	Female	4	26	27	34	64	36	40	29	18	20	13	311
	Male	11	28	28	20	38	27	12	15	11	16	19	225
Ethnicity
	Pashtun	8	20	19	22	33	27	18	12	16	15	7	197
	Hindko	5	18	13	16	32	14	15	8	7	9	5	142
	Punjabi		8	14	8	22	14	13	17	3	7	12	118
	Afghani	1	3	6	2	2	4	2	3	2	1	2	28
	Saraiki		3	2	4	4	2		4		2	5	26
	Balochi	1	2	1	1	8	2	2			1		18
	Other				1	1		2		1	1	1	7
Cyst location
	Liver	4	9	14	16	22	17	11	11	9	15	9	137
	Lung	3	17	10	9	18	13	7	3	1	2	3	86
	Brain	3	4	8	6	9	6	3	4				43
	Abdomen		2	3	4	7	6	4	3	3	4	5	41
	Uterus and ovary			1	1	2	7	7	4	2	1	1	26
	Chest	1	4	1		9	3	2		3	1	1	25
	Spleen		2	1	6	2	4	5	1	1	2		24
	Kidney		2	2		3			2	1	1	3	14
	Eye	1	5	2		2					2		12
	Pelvic region			2	1	3			2		1	1	10
	Face			1	1				1	1		1	5
	Gallbladder				1	2			2	1			6
	Neck		1		1	1				1	1		5
	Thigh				1	1	1	1	1				5
	Intestines	1		2	1	1				1			6
	Back				1					1	1		3
	Calf				1		1						2
	Femur			1			1						2
	Heart			1					1				2
	Shoulder					1			1				2
	Thyroid							2					2
	Pancreas							1					1
	Pituitary			1									1
	Skin							1	1				2
	Liver and spleen	1	3		1	1		1	1	1			9
	Pancreas and spleen				1						1	1	3
	Spleen and lung					1							1
	Liver and gallbladder					1	1	1		1	2	3	9
	Not provided	1	5	5	2	16	3	6	6	2	2	4	52

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2021-0017 | Journal eISSN: 1336-9083 | Journal ISSN: 0440-6605

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Language: English

Page range: 162 - 172

Submitted on: Jun 17, 2020

Accepted on: Dec 22, 2020

Published on: Jun 8, 2021

Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: Volume open

Keywords:

Cystic echinococcosis,

epidemiology,

human,

Pakistan

Related subjects:

Life sciences,

Zoology,

Ecology,

Life sciences, other,

Medicine,

Clinical medicine,

Microbiology, virology and infection epidemiology

© 2021 Q. Rasib, A. Khan, H. Ahmed, S. Nizamuddin, F. Asif, M. S. Afzal, S. Simsek, F. Khurshid, S. Irum, N. Hussain, S. Riaz, S. S. Khan, C. M. Budke, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 58 (2021): Issue 2 (June 2021)

Demographics of cystic echinococcosis patients treated surgically in Lahore, Pakistan: A single centre study from 2007 – 2018

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Table 2

Table 3

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Table S1

Table S2

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