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Transport Phenomena Research in Microgravity via the ISS National Lab to Benefit Life on Earth

Gravitational and Space Research
Volume 12 (2024): Issue 1 (January 2024)
By:
Open Access
|Nov 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Photograph of the International Space Station. Image courtesy of NASA
Photograph of the International Space Station. Image courtesy of NASA

Figure 2.

Intensified camera images of (a) a hot flame and (b) a cool flame. Figure recreated from Kim et al. (2023). Reprinted from Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 39(2), Minhyeng Kim, Kendyl A. Waddell, Peter B. Sunderland, Vedha Nayagam, Dennis P. Stocker, Daniel L. Dietrich, Yiguang Ju, Forman A. Williams, Phillip Irace, and Richard L. Axelbaum, Spherical gas-fueled cool diffusion flames, 1647–1656, Copyright (2023), with permission from Elsevier.
Intensified camera images of (a) a hot flame and (b) a cool flame. Figure recreated from Kim et al. (2023). Reprinted from Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 39(2), Minhyeng Kim, Kendyl A. Waddell, Peter B. Sunderland, Vedha Nayagam, Dennis P. Stocker, Daniel L. Dietrich, Yiguang Ju, Forman A. Williams, Phillip Irace, and Richard L. Axelbaum, Spherical gas-fueled cool diffusion flames, 1647–1656, Copyright (2023), with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 3.

(Top) Comparison of steady flame profiles at different confined flame conditions using black anodized aluminum baffles or no baffles, with a flow speed of 6 cm/s. When there is no baffle, the flame is situated between a transparent polycarbonate window and a black duct wall on the right and left side of a flame, as imaged, respectively. (Bottom) Overlayed profiles of the outer edge and center profile for each of the five flames. This figure is recreated from Li et al. (2021). Reprinted from Combustion and Flame, 227, Li Yanjun, Liao Ya-Ting T., Paul V. Ferkul, Michael C. Johnston, and Charles Bunnell, Experimental study of concurrent-flow flame spread over thin solids in confined space in microgravity, 39–51, Copyright (2021), with permission from Elsevier.
(Top) Comparison of steady flame profiles at different confined flame conditions using black anodized aluminum baffles or no baffles, with a flow speed of 6 cm/s. When there is no baffle, the flame is situated between a transparent polycarbonate window and a black duct wall on the right and left side of a flame, as imaged, respectively. (Bottom) Overlayed profiles of the outer edge and center profile for each of the five flames. This figure is recreated from Li et al. (2021). Reprinted from Combustion and Flame, 227, Li Yanjun, Liao Ya-Ting T., Paul V. Ferkul, Michael C. Johnston, and Charles Bunnell, Experimental study of concurrent-flow flame spread over thin solids in confined space in microgravity, 39–51, Copyright (2021), with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 4.

Heat transfer coefficient as a function of time for the sawtooth microstructure (blue) and flat baseline (orange) surfaces at various heat fluxes. The applied heat fluxes are 0.7 W/cm2 (left), 1.0 W/cm2 (center), and 1.3 W/cm2 (right). The inset images show high-speed image frames captured during the experiment. The nearly constant heat transfer coefficient circled at the end of the sawtooth microstructure experiment at 1.0 W/cm2 is due to the constant temperature difference maintained between the surface and the fluid. Figure reproduced from Sridhar et al. (2024). Reprinted from International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 222, Karthekeyan Sridhar, Vinod Narayanan, and Sushil H. Bhavnani, Enhanced heat transfer in microgravity from asymmetric sawtooth microstructure with engineered cavities, 125158, Copyright (2024), with permission from Elsevier.
Heat transfer coefficient as a function of time for the sawtooth microstructure (blue) and flat baseline (orange) surfaces at various heat fluxes. The applied heat fluxes are 0.7 W/cm2 (left), 1.0 W/cm2 (center), and 1.3 W/cm2 (right). The inset images show high-speed image frames captured during the experiment. The nearly constant heat transfer coefficient circled at the end of the sawtooth microstructure experiment at 1.0 W/cm2 is due to the constant temperature difference maintained between the surface and the fluid. Figure reproduced from Sridhar et al. (2024). Reprinted from International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 222, Karthekeyan Sridhar, Vinod Narayanan, and Sushil H. Bhavnani, Enhanced heat transfer in microgravity from asymmetric sawtooth microstructure with engineered cavities, 125158, Copyright (2024), with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 5.

A comparison of the vapor slug dynamics on the flat baseline surface (left) and the 60°–30° sawtooth microstructure surface (right) in microgravity at a heat flux of 1.3W/cm2. For the flat surface, the vapor slug covers the entire field of view, and no liquid layer is visible between the slug and the surface. For the sawtooth microstructure surface, there is a visible liquid microlayer across the crests of the sawteeth. The liquid layer is highlighted in the sawtooth microstructure schematic (bottom-right). Figure reproduced from Sridhar et al. (2024). Reprinted from International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 222, Karthekeyan Sridhar, Vinod Narayanan, and Sushil H. Bhavnani, Enhanced heat transfer in microgravity from asymmetric sawtooth microstructure with engineered cavities, 125158, Copyright (2024), with permission from Elsevier.
A comparison of the vapor slug dynamics on the flat baseline surface (left) and the 60°–30° sawtooth microstructure surface (right) in microgravity at a heat flux of 1.3W/cm2. For the flat surface, the vapor slug covers the entire field of view, and no liquid layer is visible between the slug and the surface. For the sawtooth microstructure surface, there is a visible liquid microlayer across the crests of the sawteeth. The liquid layer is highlighted in the sawtooth microstructure schematic (bottom-right). Figure reproduced from Sridhar et al. (2024). Reprinted from International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 222, Karthekeyan Sridhar, Vinod Narayanan, and Sushil H. Bhavnani, Enhanced heat transfer in microgravity from asymmetric sawtooth microstructure with engineered cavities, 125158, Copyright (2024), with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 6.

Frequency as a function of static contact angle α (°) for several modes and substrates in microgravity. Experimental measurements are denoted by symbols, and theoretical predictions with free contact lines Λ = 0 are denoted by solid lines, where Λ is the mobility. The inset plot is the frequency for substrate P1 with pinned contact line Λ = ∞ (see McCraney et al., 2022b). The experimental error is ± 0.2 Hz, denoted by the symbol size. Reprinted figure with permission from J. McCraney, V. Kern, J.B. Bostwick, S. Daniel, and P.H. Steen, Physical Review Letters, 129, 084501, 2022. Copyright (2022) by the American Physical Society.
Frequency as a function of static contact angle α (°) for several modes and substrates in microgravity. Experimental measurements are denoted by symbols, and theoretical predictions with free contact lines Λ = 0 are denoted by solid lines, where Λ is the mobility. The inset plot is the frequency for substrate P1 with pinned contact line Λ = ∞ (see McCraney et al., 2022b). The experimental error is ± 0.2 Hz, denoted by the symbol size. Reprinted figure with permission from J. McCraney, V. Kern, J.B. Bostwick, S. Daniel, and P.H. Steen, Physical Review Letters, 129, 084501, 2022. Copyright (2022) by the American Physical Society.

Figure 7.

Images of the experimental time evolution of drop coalescence overlayed with simulated predictions (red lines). The scale bars are 1 cm. This figure is reproduced from McCraney et al. (2022a). Reprinted from Physics of Fluids, 34, J. McCraney, J. Ludwicki, J. Bostwick, S. Daniel, and P. Steen, Coalescence-induced droplet spreading: Experiments aboard the International Space Station, 122110, Copyright (2022), with the permission of AIP Publishing
Images of the experimental time evolution of drop coalescence overlayed with simulated predictions (red lines). The scale bars are 1 cm. This figure is reproduced from McCraney et al. (2022a). Reprinted from Physics of Fluids, 34, J. McCraney, J. Ludwicki, J. Bostwick, S. Daniel, and P. Steen, Coalescence-induced droplet spreading: Experiments aboard the International Space Station, 122110, Copyright (2022), with the permission of AIP Publishing

NSF-funded research projects that have resulted from the NSF-CASIS joint solicitation for microgravity research in transport phenomena on the ISS to benefit life on Earth_ Projects with multiple principal investigators (PIs) are collaborative projects_ The PI institution is the PI’s institution at the time of award_

No.Year AwardedProject TitlePI Name(s)PI Institution
12016ISS: Quantifying Cohesive Sediment Dynamics for Advanced Environmental ModelingPaolo Luzzatto-Fegiz, Eckart MeiburgUniversity of California, Santa Barbara
22016ISS: Unmasking contact-line mobility for Inertial Spreading using Drop Vibration and CoalescenceSusan Daniel (Former PI: Paul Steen)Cornell University
32016ISS: Kinetics of nanoparticle self-assembly in directing fieldsEric FurstUniversity of Delaware
42016ISS: Inertial Spreading and Imbibition of a Liquid Drop Through a Porous SurfaceMichel Louge, Olivier DesjardinsCornell University
52016ISS: Constrained Vapor Bubbles of Ideal MixturesJoel PlawskyRensselaer Polytechnic Institute
62017ISS: Collaborative Research: Spherical Cool Diffusion Flames Burning Gaseous FuelsPeter SunderlandUniversity of Maryland, College Park
Richard AxelbaumWashington University in St. Louis
Forman WilliamsUniversity of California, San Diego
72017ISS: Collaborative Research: Thermally activated directional mobility of vapor bubbles in microgravity using microstructured surfacesSushil BhavnaniUniversity of California, Davis
Vinod NarayananAuburn University
82017ISS: Flame Spread in Confined Spaces - Study of the Interactions between Flame and Surrounding WallsYa-Ting Liao, Paul FerkulCase Western Reserve University
92018ISS: GOALI: Nonequilibrium Processing of Particle Suspensions with Thermal and Electrical Field GradientsBoris Khusid, Alton Reich, Lou KondicNew Jersey Institute of Technology
Paul Chaikin, Andrew HollingsworthNew York University
102019ISS: Collaborative Research: Interfacial bioprocessing of pharmaceuticals via the Ring-Sheared Drop (RSD) module aboard ISSAmir HirsaRensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Juan LopezArizona State University
112019ISS: Collaborative Research: Examination of the Multi-physical Properties of Microgravity-synthesized Graphene AerogelsDebbie SeneskyStanford University
Roya Maboudian, Carlo CarraroUniversity of California, Berkeley
122019ISS: A Microgravity Microfluidic Study of Packing and Particle Stabilization of Foams and EmulsionsJing Fan, Charles MaldarelliCUNY, The City College of New York
132020ISS: A new paradigm for explaining catastrophic post-wildfire mudflows: transport phenomena and gravity-driven aggregation dynamics of hydrophobic particle-air-water mixturesIngrid TomacUniversity of California, San Diego
142020ISS: Synthesis of Electrically Conductive High-Temperature Composites Under Microgravity and Normal Gravity ConditionsKathy LuVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
152020ISS: Gravitational Effects on the Faraday InstabilityRanga NarayananUniversity of Florida
162020ISS: Dynamic Manipulation of Multi-Phase Flow Using Light-Responsive Surfactants for Phase-Change ApplicationsYangying Zhu, Javier Read de Alaniz, Paolo Luzzatto-FegizUniversity of California, Santa Barbara
172020ISS: Collaborative Research: Bimodal Colloidal Assembly, Coarsening and Failure: Decoupling Sedimentation and Particle Size EffectsSafa JamaliNortheastern University
Ali MohrazUniversity of California, Irvine
182021ISS: Collaborative Research: Individual and Collective Behavior of Active Colloids in MicrogravityAlicia BoymelgreenFlorida International University
Jarrod SchiffbauerColorado Mesa University
192021ISS: Thermophoresis in quiescent non-Newtonian fluids for bioseparationsJames Gilchrist, Xuanhong Cheng, Kelly SchultzLehigh University
202021ISS: Understanding the Gravity Effect on Flow Boiling Through High-Resolution Experiments and Machine LearningChen Li, Yan TongUniversity of South Carolina at Columbia
212021Collaborative Research: ISS: GOALI: Transients and Instabilities in Flow Boiling and Condensation Under MicrogravityJoel Plawsky, Corey WoodcockRensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Boris Khusid, Thomas ConboyNew Jersey Institute of Technology
222021ISS: Wicking in gel-coated tubesEmilie DressaireUniversity of California, Santa Barbara
232021ISS: Flame Spread Response to Non-steady AirflowJames UrbanWorcester Polytechnic Institute
242022Collaborative Research: ISS: Assessing the Effect of Microgravity on Growth and Properties of Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) CrystalsDebbie SeneskyStanford University
Roya Maboudian, Carlo CarraroUniversity of California, Berkeley
252022ISS: Plasmonic Bubble Enabled Nanoparticle Deposition under Micro-GravityTengfei LuoUniversity of Notre Dame
262022Collaborative Research: ISS: Revealing interfacial stability, thermal transport and transient effects in film evaporation in microgravityJames HermansonUniversity of Washington
Aneet Dharmavaram Narendranath, Jeffrey AllenMichigan Technological University
272022Collaborative Research: ISS: Microgravity enabled studies of particle adsorption dynamics at fluid interfacesJoelle FrechetteUniversity of California, Berkeley
Michael BevanJohns Hopkins University
282022ISS: Uncovering transient dynamics and equilibrium states of particle aggregates in fluidsRaul CalPortland State University
292022Collaborative Research: ISS: Biofilm Inhibition with Germicidal Light Side-Emitted from Nano-enabled Flexible Optical Fibers in Water SystemsPaul Westerhoff, Jennifer Barrila, Cheryl Nickerson, Francois PerreaultArizona State University
Robert McLeanTexas State University, San Marcos
302022ISS: Transient Behavior of Flow Condensation and Its Impacts on Condensation RateChen Li, Yan TongUniversity of South Carolina at Columbia
312022ISS: Active Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in MicrogravityZvonimir DogicUniversity of California, Santa Barbara
322023Collaborative Research: ISS: Probing Interfacial Instabilities in Flow Boiling and Condensation via Acoustic Signatures in MicrogravityYing Sun, Ahmed Allam, Yongfeng XuUniversity of Cincinnati
Han HuUniversity of Arkansas
332023Collaborative Research: ISS: Colloidal Microflyers: Observation and Characterization of (Self-) Thermophoresis through Air in MicrogravityJeffrey MoranGeorge Mason University
David WarsingerPurdue University
342023ISS: Protein flow and gelation in the absence of solid-wall nucleationAmir Hirsa, Patrick UnderhillRensselaer Polytechnic Institute
352023Collaborative Research: ISS: Understanding thermal transport across a condensing film by conducting experiments in microgravityChirag KharangateCase Western Reserve University
Kuan-Lin Lee, Josh CharlesAdvanced Cooling Technologies, Inc.
362023ISS: Biofilm growth and architecture in porous media: exploring the effect of gravitational and interfacial forces on biofilm growth patternsDorthe Wildenschild, Tala Navab-DaneshmandOregon State University
372023ISS: The Influence of Microgravity on Bacterial Transport and Pellicle MorphogenesisHoward StonePrinceton University
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2024-0010 | Journal eISSN: 2332-7774
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Language: English
Page range: 145 - 158
Published on: Nov 10, 2024
Published by: American Society for Gravitational and Space Research
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 times per year
Keywords:
combustion,
complex fluids,
fluid dynamics,
heat transfer,
materials science,
biophysics
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other,
Materials sciences,
Materials sciences, other,
Physics,
Physics, other

© 2024 Phillip H. Irace, Ryan D. Reeves, Shawn Stephens, Michael S. Roberts, published by American Society for Gravitational and Space Research
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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