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Study of Initial Colonization by Environmental Microorganisms in the Russian Segment of the International Space Station (ISS) Cover

Study of Initial Colonization by Environmental Microorganisms in the Russian Segment of the International Space Station (ISS)

Gravitational and Space Research
Volume 2 (2014): Issue 2 (December 2014)
By: Ulrich Reidt,  Andreas Helwig,  Lutz Plobner,  Veronika Lugmayr,  Ulrich Treutlein,  Sergey Kharin,  Yuri Smirnov,  Natalia Novikova,  Joachim Lenic,  Viktor Fetter and  Thomas Hummel  
Open Access
|Jan 2022

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Schematic drawing of the ISS (in red) of the Russian segment with the Zvezda Service Module where the Target Book was placed for 135 days (NASA (2012) International Space Station Calendar). Retrieved from http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/615398main_2012_iss_calendar.pdf (Accessed 11/30/14).
Schematic drawing of the ISS (in red) of the Russian segment with the Zvezda Service Module where the Target Book was placed for 135 days (NASA (2012) International Space Station Calendar). Retrieved from http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/615398main_2012_iss_calendar.pdf (Accessed 11/30/14).

Figure 2.

Illustration of the Target Book with four different materials: A1-A3 non-anodized aluminum (ALU), B1-B3 Nomex, C1-C3 printed circuit board (PCB) material, and D1-D3 cable labeling material (CLM).
Illustration of the Target Book with four different materials: A1-A3 non-anodized aluminum (ALU), B1-B3 Nomex, C1-C3 printed circuit board (PCB) material, and D1-D3 cable labeling material (CLM).

Figure 3.

Back on Earth, swabbing the targets from the Target Book with a sterile wet swab to wipe off the biological load.
Back on Earth, swabbing the targets from the Target Book with a sterile wet swab to wipe off the biological load.

Figure 4.

Commissioning of the Target Book by cosmonaut Roman Romanenko. In the right corner of the photograph, the soft transport bag (in blue) is shown at the wall of the ISS.
Commissioning of the Target Book by cosmonaut Roman Romanenko. In the right corner of the photograph, the soft transport bag (in blue) is shown at the wall of the ISS.

Figure 5.

Placement of the Target Book in the Russian segment of the ISS (Zvezda Service Module) by cosmonaut Roman Romanenko.
Placement of the Target Book in the Russian segment of the ISS (Zvezda Service Module) by cosmonaut Roman Romanenko.

Colony forming units from the swabbing of each material by a surface area of 12_56 cm 2 from the Target Book_

ABCD
(ALU)(NOMEX)(PCB)(CLM)
1R2A: 50R2A:10020R2A: 0R2A: 1800
TSA: 10TSA: 10TSA: 0TSA: 0
YEA: 20YEA: 0YEA: 0YEA: 0
SGA: 0SGA: 0SGA: 0SGA: 0
∑: 80 CFU/ml∑:1.0E+04 CFU/ml∑: 0 CFU/ml∑: 1.8E+03 CFU/ml
2R2A: 0R2A: 1180R2A: 0R2A: 1060
TSA: 0TSA: 2670TSA: 0TSA: 31280
YEA: 0YEA: 70YEA: 0YEA: 740
SGA: 0SGA: 0SGA: 0SGA: 0
∑: 0 CFU/ml∑: 3.9E+03 CFU/ml∑: 0 CFU/ml∑: 3.3E+04 CFU/ml
3R2A: 0R2A: 300R2A: 0R2A: 490
TSA: 20TSA: 0TSA: 0TSA: 150
YEA: 0YEA: 0YEA: 0YEA: 30
SGA:10SGA: 0SGA: 0SGA: 100
∑: 30 CFU/ml∑: 3.0E+02 CFU/ml∑:0 CFU/ml∑: 7.7E+02 CFU/ml
Ø1.1E+021.4E+0403.5E+04

Colony forming units by type of contact plate at a surface area of 12_56 cm 2_

A (ALU)B (NOMEX)C (PCB)D (CLM)
1R2A: 4R2A: 7R2A: 0R2A: 5
TSA: 2TSA: 2TSA: 3TSA: 16
∑: 6∑: 9∑: 3∑: 21
2R2A: 6R2A: 2R2A: 0R2A:78
TSA: 3TSA: 0TSA: 5TSA: 45
∑: 9∑: 2∑: 5∑: 123
3R2A: 2R2A: 5R2A: 2R2A: 8
TSA: 3TSA: 1TSA:7TSA: 20
∑: 5∑: 6∑:9∑: 28
Ø6.65.65.657.3

Identification of growth environmental microorganisms on the materials in the Target Book by rRNA gene sequencing_

ABCD
(ALU)(NOMEX)(PCB)(CLM)
Enhydrobacter aerosaccusb,+,2Aerococcus viridansb,+,3Bacillus cohniib,+,1Aerococcus urinaeequib,+,3
Micrococcus luteusb,+,1Bacillus thuringiensisb,+,2Micrococcus luteusb,+,3Bacillus simplexb,+,3
Micrococcus luteusb,+,2Microbacterium testaceumb,+,1Streptococcus salivariusb,+,1Micrococcus luteusb,+,3
Rhodococcus jostiib,+,1Micrococcus luteusb,+,3-Nocardioides simplexb,+,2
Staphylococcus arlettaeb,+,3Staphylococcus epidermidisb,+,2-Nocardioides simplexb,+,3
Staphylococcus equorumb,+,1Staphylococcus haemolyticusb,+,2-Staphylococcus epidermidisb,+,2
Staphylococcus warnerib,+,3Staphylococcus haemolyticusb,+,2-Staphylococcus warnerib,+,2
-Staphylococcus hominisb,+,1-Streptococcus salivariusb,+,2
Dyadobacter alkalitoleransb,-,1Staphylococcus saprophyticusb,+,3--
Sphingomonas phyllosphaeraeb,-,1Staphylococcus warnerib,+,2-Hymenobacter solib,-,3
-Streptomyces globisporusb,+,1-Stenotrophomonas maltophiliab,-,2
Alternaria smyrniif,1 --
Bacillus endophyticusf,1Hymenobacter aerophilusb,-,1-Cladosporium bruhneif,3
Penicillium digitatumf,3Massilia plicatab,-,1-Cladosporium spp. f,3
Phoma spp.f,3-Roseomonas vinaceusb,-,1-Cladosporium spp.f,1
-Sphingomonas pseudosanguinisb,-,1-Cladosporium ssp.f,1
-Stenotrophomonas maltophiliab,-,1-Subplenodomus valerianae f,3
-Coriolopsis gallicaf,1--
-Rhinocladiella atrovirensf,1--
-Taphrina wiesnerif,1--
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2014-0012 | Journal eISSN: 2332-7774
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Language: English
Page range: 46 - 57
Published on: Jan 18, 2022
Published by: American Society for Gravitational and Space Research
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year
Keywords:
International Space Station,
Nomex,
Polymer Material,
Bacteria,
Fungi,
rRNA Gene,
Initial Colonization,
Biodegradation,
Biodeterioration
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other,
Materials sciences,
Materials sciences, other,
Physics,
Physics, other

© 2022 Ulrich Reidt, Andreas Helwig, Lutz Plobner, Veronika Lugmayr, Ulrich Treutlein, Sergey Kharin, Yuri Smirnov, Natalia Novikova, Joachim Lenic, Viktor Fetter, Thomas Hummel, published by American Society for Gravitational and Space Research
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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