Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Dyeing procedure of fabrics
| Code | Mordant (%) | Daucus carota (%) | L:R | Temp (°C) | L* | a* | b* | C* | h° | ΔECMC(2:1) | K/S | Shade | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alg. | Gall. | Alum | Micro. | Real | |||||||||||
| F0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 95.5 | 2.97 | −10.4 | 10.88 | 285.8 | - | - | ||
| F1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 1:50 | 80 | 85.1 | 3.27 | −1.21 | 3.49 | 339.6 | 5.43 | 1.81 | ||
| F2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 89.2 | 3.35 | −4.35 | 5.48 | 307.6 | 6.21 | 2.31 | |||||
| F3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 89.8 | 3.44 | −5.17 | 6.21 | 303.6 | 8.19 | 2.63 | |||||
| F4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 79.7 | 5.56 | 2.82 | 6.24 | 26.85 | 18.2 | 2.30 | |||||
| F5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 82.1 | 5.18 | −0.31 | 5.19 | 356.5 | 13.3 | 2.88 | |||||
| F6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 82.8 | 6.52 | −2.16 | 6.87 | 341.6 | 12.1 | 2.97 | |||||
| F7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 81.9 | 2.04 | −3.98 | 4.47 | 297.1 | 7.19 | 2.23 | |||||
| F8 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 83.5 | 2.64 | −4.17 | 4.94 | 302.3 | 6.91 | 2.43 | |||||
| F9 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 84.3 | 3.34 | −7.26 | 7.99 | 294.7 | 5.88 | 2.86 | |||||
| F10 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 82.3 | 7.71 | −0.02 | 7.71 | 359.8 | 9.80 | 2.38 | |||||
| F11 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 79.6 | 10.38 | 1.93 | 10.56 | 10.54 | 20.0 | 2.44 | |||||
| F12 | 5 | 7.5 | 0 | 77.2 | 10.28 | 3.16 | 10.75 | 17.08 | 21.6 | 2.46 | |||||
| F13 | 5 | 10 | 0 | 77.0 | 11.33 | 2.79 | 11.67 | 13.83 | 21.9 | 2.61 | |||||
| F14 | 5 | 12.5 | 0 | 75.7 | 11.55 | 4.30 | 12.33 | 20.43 | 23.8 | 2.89 | |||||
| F15 | 5 | 15 | 0 | 74.2 | 9.73 | 5.85 | 11.36 | 30.98 | 24.7 | 3.54 | |||||
| C0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 96.0 | 0.11 | 2.08 | 2.08 | 86.98 | - | - | ||
| C1 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 50 | 1:50 | 80 | 83.8 | 4.81 | 11.7 | 12.66 | 67.68 | 12.1 | 0.99 | ||
| C2 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 85.4 | 3.46 | 10.3 | 10.91 | 71.51 | 13.4 | 0.73 | |||||
| C3 | 5 | 7.5 | 0 | 82.5 | 5.08 | 10.5 | 11.70 | 64.23 | 13.6 | 0.97 | |||||
| C4 | 5 | 10 | 0 | 83.2 | 4.88 | 10.5 | 11.61 | 65.16 | 14.5 | 0.82 | |||||
| C5 | 5 | 12.5 | 0 | 80.0 | 5.04 | 11.4 | 12.46 | 66.16 | 14.8 | 1.14 | |||||
| C6 | 5 | 15 | 0 | 80.1 | 5.99 | 11.0 | 12.55 | 61.52 | 15.0 | 1.17 | |||||
Results of light, rubbing and washing fastness tests of dyed fabrics
| Dying code | Mordant % | Daucus carota % | Light fastness | Rubbing fastness | Washing fastness - Staining | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alg | Gall oak | Alum | Dry | Wet | Acetate | Cotton | Nylon 6.6 | Polyester | Acrylic | Wool | |||
| F0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| F1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 2–3 | 4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 |
| F2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2–3 | 4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2–3 | 4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2–3 | 4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2–3 | 4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 2–3 | 4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2–3 | 4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F8 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2–3 | 4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F9 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2–3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F10 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2–3 | 4 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F11 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F12 | 5 | 7,5 | 0 | 3 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F13 | 5 | 10 | 0 | 3 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F14 | 5 | 12.5 | 0 | 3–4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| F15 | 5 | 15 | 0 | 3–4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| C0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| C1 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 50 | 2–3 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 |
| C2 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 2–3 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | |
| C3 | 5 | 7,5 | 0 | 2–3 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | |
| C4 | 5 | 10 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | |
| C5 | 5 | 12.5 | 0 | 3–4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | |
| C6 | 5 | 15 | 0 | 3–4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | |