Table 1
List of keywords used in the search.
| Clusters | Product | Certification | Consumer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Keywords | wood product | forest certification | willingness-to-pay |
| forest product | PEFC | WTP | |
| certified wood | FSC |
Figure 1
Published articles on forest certification per country.
Table 2
Co-occurrence analysis of countries who research on this topic (by total citations).
| Country | Publications | Total citations | Total link strength | Avg. citations | Avg. norm. citations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 126 | 3114 | 280 | 24.7 | 1.2 |
| China | 40 | 949 | 80 | 23.7 | 1.9 |
| Germany | 26 | 872 | 73 | 37.4 | 1.4 |
| Canada | 35 | 738 | 91 | 21.1 | 0.9 |
| United Kingdom | 30 | 687 | 51 | 22.9 | 1.3 |
| Norway | 10 | 603 | 38 | 60.3 | 2 |
| South Korea | 12 | 564 | 8 | 47 | 1.7 |
| Denmark | 12 | 481 | 27 | 40.1 | 2.1 |
| Australia | 27 | 477 | 24 | 17.7 | 0.8 |
| Italy | 20 | 417 | 28 | 20.9 | 1.4 |
| Finland | 22 | 374 | 78 | 17 | 0.8 |
| Japan | 20 | 332 | 62 | 16.6 | 0.8 |
| Malaysia | 24 | 221 | 29 | 9.2 | 0.5 |
| Spain | 11 | 188 | 14 | 17.1 | 0.8 |
| Indonesia | 16 | 159 | 17 | 9.9 | 0.5 |
| India | 16 | 143 | 19 | 8.9 | 0.7 |
| Slovakia | 12 | 100 | 14 | 8.3 | 0.7 |
| Czech Republic | 12 | 64 | 11 | 5.3 | 0.5 |
Figure 2
Network of countries expressing the relationship and intensity of connection in terms of mutual citations.
Table 3
Co-occurrence analysis of indexed keywords related to the topics of forest products trade and voluntary certification (by occurrence).
| Keyword | Occurrence | Total strength link | Avg. citations | Avg. norm. citations | Cluster |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commerce | 54 | 244 | 19.9 | 1.3 | 2 |
| Certification | 53 | 263 | 15.6 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Forestry | 53 | 305 | 12.6 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Sustainable development | 45 | 197 | 27.6 | 1.5 | 2 |
| Forest management | 34 | 189 | 15.7 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Wood | 33 | 175 | 12.6 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Wood products | 33 | 197 | 9.4 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Willingness to pay | 31 | 132 | 19.4 | 1.2 | 3 |
| Sales | 30 | 132 | 18.4 | 1.6 | 2 |
| Environmental protection | 29 | 149 | 14.9 | 1.1 | 3 |
| Consumption behaviour | 28 | 106 | 13.5 | 0.9 | 3 |
| Decision making | 26 | 119 | 32.8 | 1.5 | 2 |
| Sustainability | 26 | 107 | 24.4 | 1.4 | 3 |
| Forest certification | 24 | 149 | 14.8 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Marketing | 23 | 125 | 22.3 | 1.2 | 2 |
| Surveys | 23 | 116 | 8.2 | 0.9 | 2 |
| Timber | 22 | 144 | 11.9 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Supply chains | 22 | 111 | 26.6 | 1.8 | 2 |
| Costs | 21 | 107 | 16.0 | 0.9 | 2 |
| Manufacture | 18 | 81 | 37 | 2.2 | 2 |
| Competition | 17 | 101 | 23.6 | 1.4 | 1 |
| Sustainable forest management | 16 | 114 | 18.7 | 1 | 1 |
| Forests | 16 | 137 | 15.9 | 0.8 | 1 |
| Sustainable forestry | 16 | 97 | 11.8 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Timber certification | 16 | 69 | 13.6 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Consumer behaviour | 16 | 82 | 13.1 | 1.5 | 2 |
| Ecolabelling | 15 | 60 | 35.3 | 1.3 | 3 |
| Perception | 13 | 57 | 23.1 | 1.3 | 1 |
| Forest product | 13 | 103 | 17.4 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Economics | 13 | 56 | 22.5 | 1.8 | 2 |
| Environmental economics | 13 | 68 | 21.7 | 1.2 | 3 |
| Climate change | 13 | 45 | 13.6 | 1.7 | 3 |
| Environmental policy | 13 | 71 | 10.1 | 0.6 | 3 |
| Environmental impact | 12 | 73 | 25.8 | 1.6 | 3 |
| Supply chain management | 11 | 65 | 33.2 | 1.5 | 1 |
| International trade | 11 | 56 | 6.7 | 0.4 | 1 |
| Carbon | 11 | 45 | 29.1 | 2.7 | 2 |
| Furniture | 10 | 39 | 9.7 | 0.8 | 2 |
Figure 3
Keyword network: red line) association of keywords related to the management and process of integrating eco-certifications into the forest supply chain; green line) association of keywords related to consumer behaviour on forest products; blue line) association of keywords related to consumer issues and their WTP for forest products.
Table 4
List of publications analysed in the qualitative review.
| ID | Authors | Publication year | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| [1] | Shukri, M., Awang Noor, A.G. | 2012 | Malaysian consumers’ preference and willingness to pay for environmentally certified wooden household furniture |
| [2] | Shukri, M., Sam Shor, N.Y., Rahim, A., Masfitriniza, M.S. | 2013 | Consumers’ willingness to pay for environmentally certified timber products: a comparison between 2003 and 2012 |
| [3] | Elliot J. | 2014 | An analysis of willingness to pay and reasons for purchasing certified forest products |
| [4] | Shoji, Y., Nakao, N., Ueda, Y., Kakizawa, H., Hirai, T. | 2014 | Preferences for certified forest products in Japan: a case study on interior materials |
| [5] | Sakagami, M., Sakaguchi, D. | 2018 | Estimating preferences for wood products with environmental attributes |
| [6] | Wan, M., Zhang, Y., Ye, W. | 2018 | Consumer willingness-to-pay a price premium for eco-friendly children’s furniture in Shanghai and Shenzhen, China |
| [7] | Tan, Q., Imamura, K., Nagasaka, K., Inoue, M | 2019 | Effects of eco-label knowledge on Chinese consumer preferences for certified wood flooring: a case study in Chongqing City |
Table 5
Analysis of the methodologies used.
| ID | Study area | Product studied | Survey method | Questionnaire submitted | Analysis method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1] | Malaysia | Wooden dining furniture | Self-administered questionnaires | 994 | CV (Turnbull nonparametric Estimator) |
| [2] | Malaysia | Bookshelf | Self-administered questionnaires | 102 | PP (frequencies analysis) WTP (CHI squared) |
| [3] | USA | Printer paper | Face to face surveys | 100 | CV (logit model) |
| [4] | Japan | Wooden materials for wall renovations | E-mail based questionnaire survey | 140 | DCE |
| [5] | Japan | Paper notebook (5 notebooks per set) | Web survey made by a research company (survey panel of subjects with random sampling) | 604 | DCE |
| [6] | China | Eco-friendly children’s furniture | Face-to-face questionnaires | 299 | PP (PCA + Ordered Probit) |
| [7] | China | Wood flooring | Face to face questionnaires | 367 | CV + Tobit model |
Table 6
Explanatory variables used in the studies.
| Socio-demographic aspects | Psychological aspects | Environmental aspects | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ID | Gender | Age | Marital status | Education | Income | Knowledge of certifications | Environmental perception | Lifestyle | Environmental concern |
| [1] | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| [2] | *** | * | n.a. | n.s. | *** | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| [3] | ** | n.s. | n.a. | n.s. | n.a. | n.s. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| [4] | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| [5] | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| [6] | n.s. | n.s. | ** | *** | n.s. | n.a. | * | *** | n.a. |
| [7] | n.s. | n.s. | n.a. | n.s. | n.a. | from * to *** | n.a. | n.a. | n.s. |
[i] ***,**,* = p-value < 0.01, 0.05, 0.01; n.s. = not significant; n.a. = not available.
Table 7
Mean WTP for each product investigated in the selected studies.
| Local currency | Local currency converted to current $ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ID | Product | Base price | PP | Base price (2021) | PP | WTP % |
| [1] | Wooden dining furniture | RM2000 | RM359.27 | $558.65 | $100.35 | 18% |
| [2] | Bookshelf | RM100 | RM17 | $27.56 | $4.69 | 17% |
| [3] | Printer paper | $5.50 | $2.67 | $6.25 | $3.04 | 49% |
| [4] | Wooden materials for wall renovations | JPY100,000 | JPY40,476 | $943.91 | $382.01 | 40% |
| [5] | Paper notebook (5 notebooks per set) | JPY400 | JPY261 | $3.63 | $2.37 | 65% |
| [7] | Wood flooring (China) | CNY64.41 | CNY43.6 | $10.42 | $7.11 | 68% |
[i] CNY: Chinese yuan renminbi; JPY Japanese Yen; RM: Malaysian Ringgit; $ US Dollar.
| Browser | Author | Year | Title | Used for review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scholar | Shukri, M., Awang Noor, A.G. | 2012 | Malaysian consumers’ preference and willingness to pay for environmentally certified wooden household furniture | YES |
| Scholar | Shukri, M., Sam Shor, N.Y., Rahim, A., Masfitriniza, M.S. | 2013 | Consumers’ willingness to pay for environmentally certified timber products: a comparison between 2003 and 2012 | YES |
| Scholar | Elliot J. | 2014 | An analysis of willingness to pay and reasons for purchasing certified forest products | YES |
| Scholar | Shoji, Y., Nakao, N., Ueda, Y., Kakizawa, H., Hirai, T. | 2014 | Preferences for certified forest products in Japan: a case study on interior materials | YES |
| Scopus | Chen, J., Innes, J.L., Tikina, A. | 2010 | Private cost-benefits of voluntary forest product certification | NO |
| Scopus | Mohamed, S., Ghani A.N.A. | 2010 | Willingness to pay a price premium for certified wood products among consumers in Malaysia | NO |
| Scopus | Yamamoto, Y., Takeuchi, K., Shinkuma, T. | 2014 | Is there a price premium for certified wood? Empirical evidence from log auction data in Japan | NO |
| Scopus | Paletto, A., Notaro, S. | 2018 | Secondary wood manufacturers’ willingness-to-pay for certified wood products in Italy | NO |
| Scopus | Sakagami, M., Sakaguchi, D. | 2018 | Estimating preferences for wood products with environmental attributes | YES |
| WOS | Chen, J., Innes, J.L., Tikina, A. | 2010 | Private cost-benefits of voluntary forest product certification | NO |
| WOS | Dauvergne, P., Lister, J. | 2010 | The prospects and limits of eco-consumerism: Shopping our way to less deforestation? | NO |
| WOS | Germain, R.H., Penfield, P.C. | 2010 | The potential certified wood supply chain bottleneck and its impact on leadership in energy and environmental design construction projects in New York state | NO |
| WOS | Chen, J., Tikina, A., Kozak, R., Innes, J., Duinker, P., Larson, B. | 2011 | The efficacy of forest certification: Perceptions of Canadian forest products retailers | NO |
| WOS | Cai, Z., Aguilar, F.X. | 2013 | Meta-analysis of consumer’s willingness-to-pay premiums for certified wood products | NO |
| WOS | Bond, B., Lyon, S., Munsell, J., Barrett, S., Gagnon, J. | 2014 | Perceptions of Virginia’s primary forest products manufacturers regarding forest certification | NO |
| WOS | Brusselaers, J., Van Huylenbroeck, G., Buysse, J. | 2017 | Green public procurement of certified wood: spatial leverage effect and welfare implications | NO |
| WOS | Holopainen, J., Toppinen, A., Lähtinen, K., Rekola, M. | 2017 | Forest certification and country of origin: choice experiment analysis of outdoor decking material selection in e-commerce market in Finland | NO |
| WOS | Wan, M., Zhang, Y., Ye, W. | 2018 | Consumer willingness-to-pay a price premium for eco-friendly children’s furniture in Shanghai and Shenzhen, China | YES |
| WOS | Michal, J., Březina, D., Šafařík, D., Kupčák, V., Sujová, A., Fialová, J. | 2019 | Analysis of socioeconomic impacts of the FSC and PEFC certification systems on business entities and consumers | NO |
| WOS | Paluš, H., Parobek, J., Dzian, M., Šimo-Svrček, S., Krahulcová, M. | 2019 | How companies in the wood supply chain perceive the forest certification | NO |
| WOS | Tan, Q., Imamura, K., Nagasaka, K., Inoue, M | 2019 | Effects of eco-label knowledge on Chinese consumer preferences for certified wood flooring: a case study in Chongqing City | YES |
| WOS | Brusselaers, J., Verbeke, W., Mettepenningen, E., Buysse, J. | 2020 | Unravelling the true drivers for eco-certified wood consumption by introducing scarcity | NO |
[i] Note: Chen, J., Innes, J.L., Tikina, A. 2010. Private cost-benefits of voluntary forest product certification, appears twice in the table because using the same search string, in the systematic literature review process, the article was found in both databases.