Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Baseline characteristics and differences between the groups, n (%)_
| Characteristics | Experimental group (n = 30) | Control group (n = 30) | Mean ± SD | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (m/f) | 4 (13.33)/26 (86.67) | 6 (20.00)/24 (80.00) | ||
| Age (years) | E: 70.80 ± 7.00; C: 70.00 ± 5.67 | 0.630 | ||
| 60–69 | 12 (40.00) | 13 (43.33) | ||
| 70–79 | 13 (43.33) | 14 (46.67) | ||
| >80 | 5 (16.67) | 3 (10.00) | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2)* | E: 24.7 ± 4.7; C: 24.1 ± 4.5 | 0.613 | ||
| Underweight <18.5 | 7 (23.33) | 3 (10.00) | ||
| Normal weight 18.5–22.9 | 9 (30.00) | 12 (40.00) | ||
| Overweight 23.0–27.5 | 14 (40.00) | 11 (36.67) | ||
| Obese >27.5 | 2 (6.67) | 4 (13.33) | ||
| Number of comorbidities | E: 1.4 ± 1.0; C: 1.4 ± 1.3 | 0.832 | ||
| Number of medication use | E: 1.9 ± 1.8; C: 1.2 ± 1.8 | 0.149 |
Results from the comparison of fall prevention programs between experimental and control groups, (post-test)_
| Variables | Group | Mean (SD) | Mean difference | 95% CI | t | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Knowledge | Experimental | 4.83 (0.37) | 1.66 | 1.09, 2.23 | 5.94 | <0.001 |
| Control | 3.16 (1.48) | |||||
| Behavior | Experimental | 2.67 (0.30) | 0.58 | 0.32, 0.83 | 4.63 | <0.001 |
| Control | 2.09 (0.61) | |||||
| FES-I | Experimental | 1.74 (0.66) | 0.95 | –1.35, –0.54 | –4.72 | <0.001 |
| Control | 2.70 (0.87) | |||||
| TUGT | Experimental | 9.04 (2.09) | –2.02 | –2.87, –1.18 | –4.85 | <0.001 |
| Control | 11.06 (0.90) | |||||
| Thai-FRAT | Experimental | 2.43 (1.45) | –2.10 | –3.14, –1.05 | –4.02 | <0.001 |
| Control | 4.53 (2.45) |
Pre-post differences for each examined variable_
| Variables | Group | Mean pre (SD) | Mean post (SD) | Mean difference | 95% CI | t | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Knowledge | Experimental | 3.83 (0.74) | 4.83 (0.37) | –1.00 | –1.25, –0.74 | –7.88 | <0.001 |
| Control | 3.06 (1.38) | 3.16 (1.48) | –0.10 | –0.75, 0.55 | 0.31 | 0.756 | |
| Behavior | Experimental | 1.79 (0.38) | 2.67 (0.30) | –0.88 | –1.08, –0.67 | –8.97 | <0.001 |
| Control | 2.25 (0.45) | 2.09 (0.61) | 0.16 | –1.07, 0.42 | 1.22 | 0.230 | |
| FES-I | Experimental | 2.43 (0.85) | 1.74 (0.66) | 0.45 | 0.08, 0.83 | 2.50 | <0.05 |
| Control | 2.31 (0.95) | 2.70 (0.87) | –0.38 | –0.79, 0.02 | –1.93 | 0.063 | |
| TUGT | Experimental | 10.82 (1.90) | 9.04 (2.09) | 1.78 | 1.37, 2.18 | 8.88 | <0.001 |
| Control | 11.03 (1.59) | 11.06 (0.90) | –0.03 | –0.57, 0.51 | –0.11 | 0.912 | |
| Thai-FRAT | Experimental | 3.13 (1.87) | 2.43 (1.45) | 0.50 | 0.20, 0.79 | 3.52 | 0.001 |
| Control | 4.76 (2.26) | 4.53 (2.45) | 0.23 | –0.03, 0.50 | 1.75 | 0.090 |