Abstract
Objective
Validation is an important aspect of an instrument, and it ensures the confidence of researchers to employ the instrument in their studies. This study was conducted to develop and validate an instrument to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) on digital health among nurses since digital health capacity is a major concern in health care that needs to be assessed.
Methods
We conducted a methodological study to assess the content validity and reliability of the instrument. First, items were generated through a comprehensive literature review and by obtaining an expert opinion. Second, content and face validity were assessed by a panel of 7 experts. Both the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) were established. Moreover, test–retest reliability and internal consistency of the instrument were assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results
The initial pool consisted of 60 items and after obtaining content, face, and construct validity, 51 items remained. Items with an I-CVI <0.78 were considered relevant. The S-CVI for relevancy, clarity, ambiguity, and simplicity were 0.93, 0.91, 0.94, and 0.92, respectively. Five subcomponents were constructed in each knowledge and attitudes domain, and the test–retest reliability test revealed that the instrument has good reliability, showing correlation coefficient values for the KAP domains and the total questionnaire of 0.76, 0.98, 0.99, and 0.99, respectively. The independent Cronbach’s α for all items was 0.76, indicating good internal consistency.
Conclusions
The present study established the acceptable validity and ensured the good reliability and internal consistency of the instrument, which can serve as an assessment tool of KAP on digital health among healthcare professionals.