Productivity of grafted papaya growing under open environment in the Mexican pacific

Juan Carlos Álvarez-Hernández; Javier Zaragoza Castellanos-Ramos; Cesar Leobardo Aguirre-Mancilla

doi:10.2478/fhort-2024-0026

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Productivity of grafted papaya growing under open environment in the Mexican pacific

Folia Horticulturae

Volume 36 (2024): Issue 3 (December 2024)

By: Juan Carlos Álvarez-Hernández , Javier Zaragoza Castellanos-Ramos and Cesar Leobardo Aguirre-Mancilla

Open Access

|Nov 2024

Figures & Tables

Climatic variation during the 1st experiment.
*Source*: Department of Hydrometry. Irrigation District 097. CONAGUA. Mexico. Temperature range for papaya 21°C–33°C.

Climatic variation during the 2nd experiment.
*Source*: Department of Hydrometry. Irrigation District 097. CONAGUA. Mexico. Temperature range for papaya 21°C–33°C.

Table 1.

Treatments evaluated in two grafted papaya field experiments.

Experiment 1		Experiment 2
Rootstock × Scion	Abbreviation	Rootstock × Scion	Abbreviation
1. 'Gibara' × 'BS'	RG × SBS	1. 'Robusta' with quality × 'Tainung'	RRQ+ × ST
2. 'BS' × 'Gibara'	RBS × SG	2. 'Robusta' without quality × 'Tainung'	RRQ-× ST
3. 'Maradol' × 'MSXJ'	RM × SMS	3. WGP ×, Tainung'	RWGP × ST
4. 'MSXJ' × 'Maradona'	RMS × SMa	4. WPP × 'Tainung'	RWPP × ST
5. 'BS2' × 'Maradol'	RBS2 × SM	5. 'Robusta' with quality × 'Maradol'	RRQ+ × SM
6. 'BS2' × 'Gibara'	RBS2 × SG	6. 'Robusta' without quality × 'Maradol'	RRQ-× SM
7. Non-grafted 'BS'	NgBS	7. WGP × 'Maradol'	RWGP × SM
8. Non-grafted 'Gibara'	NgG	8. WPP × 'Maradol'	RWPP × SM
9. Non-grafted 'Maradol'	NgM	9. Non-grafted 'Tainung'	NgT
10. Non-grafted 'Maradona'	NgMa	10. Non-grafted 'Maradol'	NgM

1 WPP, wild purple petiole; WGP, Wild green petiole.

Table 2.

Morphological variables of grafted and non-grafted papaya plants in 1st experiment.

Treatments	Plant height (cm)	Stem girth (cm)	Leaves (No.)	Height at 1st fruit (cm)
RG × SBS	213.40 cd	49.50 ab	38.00 ab	73.80 a
RBS × SG	200.60 d	51.40 ab	40.60 a	69.80 ab
RM × SMS	233.80 ab	47.04 abc	37.00 ab	67.80 ab
RMS × SMa	221.40 abc	52.80 a	40.00 ab	69.20 ab
RBS2 × SM	211.40 cd	48.64 ab	36.20 ab	69.40 ab
RBS2 × SG	223.00 abc	45.38 bc	35.60 ab	72.40 a
NgBS	236.40 a	49.14 ab	39.00 ab	68.20 ab
NgG	211.40 cd	48.38 ab	38.20 ab	72.40 a
NgM	204.40 cd	41.32 c	34.80 ab	56.80 b
NgMa	215.80 bcd	41.20 c	33.20 b	65.40 ab
C.V.	4.15	6.95	8.80	8.97
^p	**	**	**	**

1 Distinct letters in the columns indicate significant differences according to Tukey's test (p<0.05).

1 CV: Coefficient of variation.

1 Significance levels: **p<0.01.

Table 3.

Qualitative variables in fruits of grafted and non-grafted papaya plants in 1st experiment.

Treatments	Fruit circumference (cm)	Pulp width (cm)		Soluble solids (°Brix)	Fruit shape index
Treatments	Polar	Equatorial		Soluble solids (°Brix)	Fruit shape index
RG × SBS	52.80	37.60	2.60	12.20	1.42
RBS × SG	54.40	36.40	2.72	11.60	1.51
RM × SMS	47.60	33.60	2.76	13.40	1.62
RMS × SMa	54.00	38.00	2.70	12.60	1.46
RBS2 × SM	54.00	36.80	2.62	13.60	1.43
RBS2 × SG	54.40	33.20	2.52	12.40	1.61
NgBS	52.60	35.00	2.60	12.60	1.51
NgG	54.20	35.20	2.60	12.60	1.56
NgM	52.60	34.40	2.66	12.60	1.53
NgMa	53.40	35.40	2.72	12.80	1.52
C.V.	12.91	12.27	11.64	12.66	18.02
^p	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

1 Distinct letters in the columns indicate significant differences according to Tukey's test (p<0.05). CV: Coefficient of variation.

1 Significance levels: nsp ≥ 0.05.

Table 4.

Quantitative variables in fruits of grafted and non-grafted papaya plants in 1st experiment.

Treatments	Fruits (No.)	Fruits weight (kg)	Yield (kg)
Treatments	Fruits (No.)	Fruits weight (kg)	Plant	Area (m²)
RG × SBS	33.60 abc	1.15	38.49 ab	8.55 ab
RBS × SG	34.20 ab	1.18	39.67 ab	8.81 ab
RM × SMS	35.60 a	1.10	39.44 ab	8.76 ab
RMS × SMa	35.40 a	1.13	40.20 a	8.93 a
RBS2 × SM	33.60 abc	1.17	40.01 ab	8.89 a
RBS2 × SG	36.80 a	1.08	37.66 ab	8.69 ab
NgBS	28.80 abc	1.09	31.38 ab	6.96 ab
NgG	27.00 bc	1.11	30.12 ab	6.69 ab
NgM	25.60 c	1.06	27.04 b	6.01 b
NgMa	25.60 c	1.15	29.29 ab	6.50 ab
C.V.	12.45	12.44	19.05	18.53
^p	**	ns	**	**

1 Distinct letters in the columns indicate significant differences according to Tukey’s test (p < 0.05).

1 CV: Coefficient of variation.

1 Significance levels: **p < 0.01, ns p ≥ 0.05.

Table 5.

Morphological variables of grafted and non-grafted papaya plants in 2nd experiment.

Treatments	Plant height (cm)	Stem girth (cm)	Leaves (No.)	Height at 1st fruit (cm)
RRQ+ × ST	247.40 abc	48.72 ab	39.60 bc	91.20 ab
RRQ-× ST	263.20 ab	49.84 ab	47.60 a	95.20 ab
RWGP × ST	231.00 bcd	48.16 ab	36.80 c	96.20 ab
RWPP × ST	283.40 a	50.68 a	43.20 abc	104.00 a
RRQ+ × SM	189.40 d	45.24 ab	37.20 c	52.80 d
RRC-× SM	231.20 bcd	47.60 ab	46.20 ab	61.20 cd
RWGP × SM	195.80 d	43.96 ab	37.80 c	63.00 cd
RWGP × SM	208.00 cd	49.84 ab	36.60 bc	62.40 cd
NgT	260.80 ab	45.64 ab	39.60 bc	80.60 bc
NgM	207.40 cd	41.72 b	38.40 c	62.00 cd
C.V.	8.79	8.37	9.00	13.77
^p	**	**	**	**

1 Distinct letters in the columns indicate significant differences according to Tukey's test (p < 0.05). CV: Coefficient of variation.

1 Significance levels: **p < 0.01.

Table 6.

Qualitative variables in fruits of grafted and non-grafted papaya plants in 2nd experiment.

Treatments	Fruit circumference (cm)		Pulp width (cm)	Soluble solids (°Brix)	Fruit shape index
Treatments	Polar	Equatorial	Pulp width (cm)	Soluble solids (°Brix)	Fruit shape index
RRQ+ × ST	54.80	34.60	2.76	12.20 ab	1.60
RRQ– #x00D7; ST	49.80	37.20	2.38	13.60 a	1.35
RWGP × ST	48.00	37.60	2.60	12.00 ab	1.28
RWPP × ST	53.80	36.40	2.80	11.80 ab	1.49
RRQ+ × SM	50.80	38.00	2.58	13.20 ab	1.24
RRC– × SM	49.80	35.40	2.62	13.80 a	1.41
RWGP × SM	57.20	35.20	2.64	12.60 ab	1.63
RWGP × SM	49.80	37.80	2.76	10.60 b	1.32
NgT	53.60	36.20	2.66	12.20 ab	1.52
NgM	54.60	34.60	2.68	13.20 ab	1.60
C.V.	10.27	10.39	14.35	11.08	14.82
^p	ns	ns	ns	*	*

1 Distinct letters in the columns indicate significant differences according to Tukey's test (p < 0.05).

1 CV: Coefficient of variation.

1 Significance levels: *p < 0.05, ns p ≥ 0.05.

Table 7.

Qualitative variables in fruits of grafted and non-grafted papaya plants in 2nd experiment.

Treatments	Fruits (No.)	Fruits weight (kg)	Yield (kg)
Treatments	Fruits (No.)	Fruits weight (kg)	Plant	Area (m²)
RRQ+ × ST	28.80 abc	1.21	34.45 abc	7.65 abc
RRQ-× ST	35.40 a	1.03	35.63 ab	7.91 ab
RWGP × ST	34.40 ab	1.04	35.54 ab	7.89 ab
RWPP × ST	27.80 abc	1.23	33.70 abc	7.48 abc
RRQ+ × SM	34.40 ab	1.13	38.39 a	8.53 a
RRC-× SM	37.60 a	1.03	37.02 ab	8.22 ab
RWGP × SM	29.00 abc	1.15	32.96 abc	7.32 abc
RWGP × SM	32.00 abc	1.11	35.53 ab	7.89 ab
NgT	25.20 bc	1.17	28.96 bc	6.43 bc
NgM	22.60 c	1.18	26.36 c	5.85 c
CV	15.03	17.09	11.55	11.54
^p	**	ns	**	**

1 Distinct letters in the columns indicate significant differences according to Tukey's test (p < 0.05). CV: Coefficient of variation.

1 Significance levels: **p j_fhort-2024-0026 0.01, ns p ≥ 0.05.

References

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0026 | Journal eISSN: 2083-5965 | Journal ISSN: 0867-1761

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Language: English

Page range: 415 - 424

Submitted on: May 27, 2024

Accepted on: Sep 2, 2024

Published on: Nov 8, 2024

Published by: Polish Society for Horticultural Sciences (PSHS)

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 2 issues per year

Keywords:

Carica papaya,

grafted plant,

modified approach grafting,

productive potential

Related subjects:

Life sciences,

Plant science

© 2024 Juan Carlos Álvarez-Hernández, Javier Zaragoza Castellanos-Ramos, Cesar Leobardo Aguirre-Mancilla, published by Polish Society for Horticultural Sciences (PSHS)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 36 (2024): Issue 3 (December 2024)

Productivity of grafted papaya growing under open environment in the Mexican pacific

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Table 1.

Table 2.

Table 3.

Table 4.

Table 5.

Table 6.

Table 7.

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