
Figure 1.
Phenological stages of sweet cherry; (A) dormant bud, (B) swollen bud, (C) green tip, (D) tight cluster, (E) white bud, (F) initial bloom, (G) final bloom, (H) petal fall.
Table 1.
Chemicals and their concentrations used in different treatments.
| Treatment | Chemical | Concentration |
|---|---|---|
| T1 | Water spray (Control) | – |
| T2 | ATS | 1% |
| T3 | ATS | 1.5% |
| T4 | ATS | 2% |
| T5 | NAA | 20 ppm |
| T6 | NAA | 40 ppm |
| T7 | NAA | 60 ppm |
| T8 | Corn oil emulsion | 1% |
| T9 | Corn oil emulsion | 2% |
| T10 | Corn oil emulsion | 3% |

Figure 2.
Effect of blossom thinners on the vegetative characteristics of sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’. ASEG, annual shoot extension growth; ATS, ammonium thiosulphate; NAA, naphthaleneacetic acid.

Figure 3.
Effect of blossom thinners on the leaf chlorophyll content of sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’. ATS, ammonium thiosulphate; NAA, naphthaleneacetic acid.

Figure 4.
Effect of blossom thinners on fruit set and fruit retention of sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’. ATS, ammonium thiosulphate; NAA, naphthaleneacetic acid.

Figure 5.
Effect of blossom thinners on return bloom and yield of sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’. ATS, ammonium thiosulphate; NAA, naphthaleneacetic acid.
Table 2.
Effect of blossom thinners on fruit length, diameter, thickness and L/D ratio of sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’.
| Treatment | Fruit length (mm) | Fruit diameter (mm) | Fruit thickness (mm) | Fruit length/diameter ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 (Control) | 17.70 ± 0.21 | 19.87 ± 0.12 | 17.25 ± 0.57 | 0.89 ± 0.01 |
| T2 (ATS 1%) | 18.80 ± 0.14 | 20.97 ± 0.33 | 17.85 ± 1.20 | 0.89 ± 0.01 |
| T3 (ATS 1.5%) | 19.77 ± 0.33 | 21.80 ± 0.47 | 18.60 ± 0.86 | 0.90 ± 0.01 |
| T4 (ATS 2%) | 22.05 ± 0.31 | 22.85 ± 0.23 | 19.90 ± 0.92 | 0.96 ± 0.02 |
| T5 (NAA 20 ppm) | 18.65 ± 0.17 | 20.75 ± 0.55 | 17.75 ± 0.35 | 0.89 ± 0.02 |
| T6 (NAA 40 ppm) | 19.42 ± 0.26 | 21.75 ± 0.61 | 18.10 ± 0.29 | 0.89 ± 0.01 |
| T7 (NAA 60 ppm) | 20.85 ± 0.26 | 22.42 ± 0.49 | 19.80 ± 0.6 | 0.92 ± 0.02 |
| T8 (Corn oil 1%) | 18.62 ± 0.18 | 20.62 ± 0.72 | 17.65 ± 1.40 | 0.90 ± 0.02 |
| T9 (Corn oil 2%) | 19.00 ± 0.21 | 21.40 ± 0.40 | 17.92 ± 0.60 | 0.88 ± 0.01 |
| T10 (Corn oil 3%) | 19.35 ± 0.17 | 21.57 ± 0.45 | 18.08 ± 0.70 | 0.89 ± 0.01 |
| C.D (p ≤ 0.05) | 0.238 | 0.444 | 0.441 | 0.019 |
Table 3.
Effect of blossom thinners on fruit weight, increase in fruit weight, stone weight, flesh weight and fruit/stone ratio of sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’.
| Treatment | Fruit weight (g) | Increase in fruit weight (%) | Stone weight (g) | Flesh weight (g) | Fruit/stone ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 (Control) | 5.90 ± 0.77 | 0.00 | 0.43 ± 0.02 | 5.47 ± 0.79 | 12.72 ± 0.27 |
| T2 (ATS 1%) | 6.72 ± 0.12 | 13.89 ± 0.24 | 0.45 ± 0.02 | 6.27 ± 0.12 | 13.93 ± 0.81 |
| T3 (ATS 1.5%) | 6.97 ± 0.17 | 18.13 ± 0.04 | 0.44 ± 0.02 | 6.53 ± 0.19 | 14.84 ± 1.20 |
| T4 (ATS 2%) | 7.30 ± 0.11 | 23.70 ± 0.05 | 0.45 ± 0.02 | 6.85 ± 0.09 | 15.59 ± 0.70 |
| T5 (NAA 20 ppm) | 6.70 ± 0.18 | 13.50 ± 0.29 | 0.43 ± 0.02 | 6.26 ± 0.15 | 14.22 ± 0.50 |
| T6 (NAA 40 ppm) | 6.90 ± 0.14 | 16.90 ± 0.25 | 0.43 ± 0.02 | 6.47 ± 0.16 | 15.04 ± 1.30 |
| T7 (NAA 60 ppm) | 7.07 ± 0.09 | 18.60 ± 0.28 | 0.45 ± 0.02 | 6.55 ± 0.07 | 14.71 ± 0.60 |
| T8 (Corn oil 1%) | 6.50 ± 0.08 | 10.10 ± 0.15 | 0.45 ± 0.02 | 6.05 ± 0.08 | 13.44 ± 0.70 |
| T9 (Corn oil 2%) | 6.80 ± 0.21 | 15.20 ± 0.05 | 0.44 ± 0.03 | 6.36 ± 0.20 | 14.45 ± 0.90 |
| T10 (Corn oil 3%) | 6.87 ± 0.09 | 16.40 ± 0.09 | 0.43 ± 0.03 | 6.44 ± 0.10 | 14.97 ± 1.20 |
| C.D (p ≤ 0.05) | 0.282 | 0.264 | NS | 0.280 | 0.690 |
Table 4.
Effect of blossom thinners on fruit volume, firmness, pedicel length and stone length of sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’.
| Treatment | Fruit volume (cm3) | Fruit firmness (N) | Pedicel length (mm) | Stone length (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 (Control) | 5.25 ± 0.50 | 3.81 ± 0.14 | 38.19 ± 0.01 | 11.45 ± 0.02 |
| T2 (ATS 1%) | 5.90 ± 0.14 | 3.06 ± 0.19 | 38.18 ± 0.01 | 11.46 ± 0.02 |
| T3 (ATS 1.5%) | 6.25 ± 0.50 | 2.57 ± 0.05 | 38.20 ± 0.02 | 11.45 ± 0.01 |
| T4 (ATS 2%) | 6.55 ± 0.10 | 2.24 ± 0.18 | 38.20 ± 0.01 | 11.46 ± 0.01 |
| T5 (NAA 20 ppm) | 5.75 ± 0.95 | 2.76 ± 0.27 | 38.19 ± 0.02 | 11.46 ± 0.01 |
| T6 (NAA 40 ppm) | 6.22 ± 0.20 | 2.62 ± 0.35 | 38.18 ± 0.01 | 11.46 ± 0.02 |
| T7 (NAA 60 ppm) | 6.42 ± 0.09 | 2.40 ± 0.16 | 38.18 ± 0.01 | 11.45 ± 0.02 |
| T8 (Corn oil 1%) | 5.50 ± 0.57 | 3.25 ± 0.20 | 38.19 ± 0.02 | 11.46 ± 0.02 |
| T9 (Corn oil 2%) | 5.92 ± 0.95 | 3.07 ± 0.27 | 38.20 ± 0.03 | 11.46 ± 0.01 |
| T10 (Corn oil 3%) | 6.00 ± 0.01 | 2.71 ± 0.20 | 38.19 ± 0.02 | 11.46 ± 0.01 |
| C.D (p ≤ 0.05) | 0.406 | 0.198 | NS | NS |
Table 5.
Effect of blossom thinners on colour intensity of sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’.
| Treatment | L* | a* | b* | Hue° | Chroma |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 (Control) | 24.46 ± 0.11 | 29.49 ± 0.59 | 10.71 ± 0.18 | 19.95 ± 0.55 | 31.28 ± 0.05 |
| T2 (ATS 1%) | 23.94 ± 0.21 | 30.93 ± 0.15 | 12.04 ± 0.17 | 21.25 ± 0.39 | 33.17 ± 0.06 |
| T3 (ATS 1.5%) | 23.03 ± 0.06 | 31.84 ± 0.13 | 12.46 ± 0.18 | 21.35 ± 0.29 | 34.18 ± 0.05 |
| T4 (ATS 2%) | 22.98 ± 0.10 | 32.21 ± 0.06 | 13.25 ± 0.12 | 22.34 ± 0.20 | 34.81 ± 0.06 |
| T5 (NAA 20 ppm) | 23.99 ± 0.15 | 30.86 ± 0.12 | 12.00 ± 0.32 | 21.20 ± 0.58 | 33.11 ± 0.09 |
| T6 (NAA 40 ppm) | 23.74 ± 0.05 | 31.75 ± 0.20 | 12.36 ± 0.10 | 21.25 ± 0.07 | 34.06 ± 0.09 |
| T7 (NAA 60 ppm) | 23.01 ± 0.24 | 31.94 ± 0.10 | 12.44 ± 0.07 | 21.25 ± 0.13 | 34.27 ± 0.03 |
| T8 (Corn oil 1%) | 24.01 ± 0.38 | 30.10 ± 0.16 | 10.97 ± 0.17 | 20.00 ± 0.34 | 32.03 ± 0.14 |
| T9 (Corn oil 2%) | 23.90 ± 0.21 | 31.66 ± 0.23 | 12.12 ± 0.12 | 20.90 ± 0.30 | 33.89 ± 0.03 |
| T10 (Corn oil 3%) | 23.89 ± 0.14 | 31.72 ± 0.13 | 12.29 ± 0.11 | 20.90 ± 0.51 | 34.01 ± 0.20 |
| C.D (p ≤ 0.05) | 0.231 | 0.223 | 0.154 | 0.382 | 0.081 |
Table 6.
Effect of blossom thinners on the chemical characteristics of sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’.
| Treatment | SSC (°Brix) | Total sugars (%) | Titratable acidity (%) | SSC/acid ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 (Control) | 17.37 ± 0.77 | 12.82 ± 0.09 | 0.89 ± 0.01 | 19.51 ± 1.45 |
| T2 (ATS 1%) | 18.07 ± 0.36 | 13.55 ± 0.26 | 0.87 ± 0.01 | 20.77 ± 0.92 |
| T3 (ATS 1.5%) | 18.77 ± 1.38 | 14.57 ± 0.35 | 0.77 ± 0.02 | 24.38 ± 2.19 |
| T4 (ATS 2%) | 19.35 ± 0.62 | 15.32 ± 0.09 | 0.74 ± 0.02 | 26.14 ± 1.65 |
| T5 (NAA 20 ppm) | 17.95 ± 0.23 | 13.50 ± 0.08 | 0.87 ± 0.02 | 20.63 ± 0.65 |
| T6 (NAA 40 ppm) | 18.65 ± 0.65 | 14.35 ± 0.31 | 0.80 ± 0.02 | 23.31 ± 1.45 |
| T7 (NAA 60 ppm) | 19.00 ± 0.90 | 14.87 ± 0.25 | 0.76 ± 0.02 | 25.00 ± 1.53 |
| T8 (Corn oil 1%) | 17.45 ± 0.53 | 13.10 ± 0.11 | 0.86 ± 0.01 | 20.29 ± 0.80 |
| T9 (Corn oil 2%) | 18.35 ± 0.23 | 13.80 ± 0.08 | 0.88 ± 0.01 | 20.85 ± 0.68 |
| T10 (Corn oil 3%) | 18.50 ± 0.81 | 14.10 ± 0.18 | 0.82 ± 0.02 | 22.56 ± 1.20 |
| C.D (p ≤ 0.05) | 0.102 | 0.061 | 0.026 | 0.483 |
Table 7.
Effect of blossom thinners on anthocyanin and ascorbic acid content of sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’.
| Treatment | Anthocyanin (mg · 100 g−1) | Ascorbic acid (mg · 100 g−1) |
|---|---|---|
| T1 (Control) | 18.42 ± 0.29 | 12.22 ± 0.09 |
| T2 (ATS 1%) | 19.37 ± 0.48 | 12.72 ± 0.17 |
| T3 (ATS 1.5%) | 19.77 ± 0.38 | 13.40 ± 0.14 |
| T4 (ATS 2%) | 20.87 ± 0.29 | 13.64 ± 0.12 |
| T5 (NAA 20 ppm) | 18.77 ± 0.40 | 12.72 ± 0.17 |
| T6 (NAA 40 ppm) | 19.57 ± 0.35 | 13.30 ± 0.24 |
| T7 (NAA 60 ppm) | 19.85 ± 0.28 | 13.77 ± 0.12 |
| T8 (Corn oil 1%) | 18.85 ± 0.12 | 12.40 ± 0.14 |
| T9 (Corn oil 2%) | 19.42 ± 0.29 | 13.07 ± 0.09 |
| T10 (Corn oil 3%) | 19.45 ± 0.33 | 13.15 ± 0.12 |
| C.D (p ≤ 0.05) | 0.327 | 0.145 |