Influences of girdling and potassium treatments on fruit quality and some physiological characters of ‘Fremont’ mandarin variety

Tuğba Ülker; Müge Uysal Kamiloğlu

doi:10.2478/fhort-2021-0015

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Influences of girdling and potassium treatments on fruit quality and some physiological characters of ‘Fremont’ mandarin variety

Folia Horticulturae

Volume 33 (2021): Issue 1 (June 2021)

By: Tuğba Ülker and Müge Uysal Kamiloğlu

Open Access

|Jun 2021

Figures & Tables

Temperature and humidity values throughout the trial period.

Table 1

Treatments applied during the trial.

Treatment	Treatment Code
Control	C
Single girdling	SG
Double girdling	DG
Potassium treatment (KNO₃)	KNO₃
Single girdling + KNO₃	SG + KNO₃
Double girdling + KNO₃	DG + KNO₃

SG ‘Fremont’ tree from examined orchard. SG, single girdled.

Table 2

Effects of KNO₃ and girdling treatments on bloom drop and fruit retention rate of ‘Fremont’ mandarin (%).

Treatments	Bloom drop rate (%)	Fruit retention rate (%)	Rate of fruits remaining after June fruit drop (%)	Rate of mature fruits (%)
DG	61.88 (50.19) bc	38.12 (39.81) ab	56.18 (51.07) a	6.05 (14.00)
DG + KNO₃	63.06 (52.65) abc	36.94 (37.35) abc	42.41 (42.19) b	8.14 (15.04)
SG	55.64 (48.25) c	44.36 (41.75) a	26.53 (30.91) c	4.35 (11.78)
SG + KNO₃	66.93 (56.03) ab	33.07 (35.07) bc	25.65 (30.21) c	4.23 (11.70)
KNO₃	63.46 (53.65) abc	36.54 (37.16) abc	27.70 (31.44) c	4.79 (11.61)
C	67.91 (57.12) a	32.09 (32.88) c	36.42 (35.42) bc	4.04 (10.95)
Prob > F	0.0296	0.0410	0.0001	0.1348
LSD_0.05	5.569	5.265	7.341	NS

[i] Differences between averages were indicated with different letters according to Duncan test.

[ii] C, control; DG, double girdle; SG, single girdle; NS, not significant.

Table 3

Effects of KNO₃ and girdling treatments on fruit yield and various pomological characters of ‘Fremont’ mandarin.

Treatments	Yield (kg · tree⁻¹)	Fruit diameter (mm)	Fruit weight (g)	Rind thickness (mm)	Juice amount (%)	SSC	Acid amount (%)	SSC/Acid
DG	337.50 a	57.28 a	94.20 ab	2.49 c	50.30	10.56	1.19	8.95
DG + KNO₃	298.00 ab	57.79 a	95.36 a	3.58 a	50.80	10.60	1.16	9.18
SG	335.00 a	55.77 b	85.59 c	2.66 bc	49.09	10.20	1.13	9.05
SG + KNO₃	276.00 bc	56.60 ab	90.33 b	2.73 bc	49.78	10.48	1.18	9.03
KNO₃	270.00 bc	57.43 a	91.79 ab	2.91 b	50.24	10.76	1.17	9.26
C	240.00 c	55.31 b	93.75 ab	2.67 bc	45.74	10.92	1.09	10.03
Prob > F	0.0075	0.0047	0.0009	0.0004	0.4374	0.1574	0.4416	0.2943
LSD_0.05	51.584	1.352	3.921	0.394	NS	NS	NS	NS

[i] Differences between averages were indicated with different letters according to Duncan test.

[ii] C, control; DG, double girdle; SG, single girdle; SSC, soluble solids; NS, not significant.

Table 4

The effects of different treatments on fruit rind colour on ‘Fremont’ mandarin.

Treatments	Fruit rind colour
Treatments	L^*	a^*	b^*	h°
DG	57.15	39.75	51.60 cd	52.63 bcd
DG + KNO₃	56.96	39.82	51.38 d	52.19 cd
SG	57.69	39.21	53.96 ab	53.48 abc
SG + KNO₃	57.52	39.42	53.33 bc	53.93 ab
KNO₃	56.07	41.15	51.08 d	51.10 d
C	56.71	39.52	55.44 a	54.57 a
Prob > F	0.1259	0.0767	0.0001	0.0025
LSD_0.05	NS	NS	1.719	1.632

[i] Differences between averages were indicated with different letters according to Duncan test.

[ii] C, control; DG, double girdle; SG, single girdle.

Effects of KNO₃ treatment and girdling on photosynthetic quantum yield (Fv′/Fm′) of ‘Fremont’ mandarin. C, Control; DG, double girdle; SG, single girdling.

Effects of KNO₃ and girdling treatments on leaf chlorophyll concentration (by SPAD readings) of ‘Fremont’ mandarin. C, Control; DG, double girdle; SG, single girdling.

Table 5

The effect of different treatments on leaf nitrogen, glucose, fructose, sucrose and total sugar contents of ‘Fremont’ mandarin.

Treatments	Nitrogen content (%)	Glucose content (%)	Fructose content (%)	Sucrose content (%)	Total sugar content (%)
DG	2.47 bc	0.08 d	0.08 a	1.82 b	1.973 bc
DG + KNO₃	2.48 bc	0.32 a	0.05 b	2.16 a	2.350 ab
SG	2.47 bc	0.06 de	0.04 b	2.36 a	2.710 a
SG + KNO₃	2.60 ab	0.27 b	0.04 b	1.57 b	1.730 c
KNO₃	2.73 a	0.05 e	0.04 b	2.15 a	2.220 abc
C	2.30 c	0.20 c	0.04 b	2.22 a	2.240 abc
Prob > F	0.0154	0.0001	0.0026	0.0005	0.005
LSD_0.05	0.218	0.023	0.015	0.283	0.548

[i] Differences between averages were indicated with different letters according to Duncan test.

[ii] C, control; DG, double girdle; SG, single girdling.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2021-0015 | Journal eISSN: 2083-5965 | Journal ISSN: 0867-1761

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Language: English

Page range: 195 - 202

Submitted on: Mar 11, 2021

Accepted on: Apr 23, 2021

Published on: Jun 5, 2021

Published by: Polish Society for Horticultural Sciences (PSHS)

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 2 issues per year

Keywords:

citrus,

quality,

Related subjects:

© 2021 Tuğba Ülker, Müge Uysal Kamiloğlu, published by Polish Society for Horticultural Sciences (PSHS)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 33 (2021): Issue 1 (June 2021)

Influences of girdling and potassium treatments on fruit quality and some physiological characters of ‘Fremont’ mandarin variety

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Table 1

Figure 2

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Figure 3

Figure 4

Table 5

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