Meiotic behaviour and pollen fertility of F1, F2 and BC1 progenies of Iris dichotoma and I. domestica

Wenji Xu; Gangjun Luo; Xiaoyin Lian; Fengyang Yu; Yang Zheng; Jiajun Lei; Xiaoying Bi

doi:10.2478/fhort-2021-0013

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Meiotic behaviour and pollen fertility of F1, F2 and BC1 progenies of Iris dichotoma and I. domestica

Folia Horticulturae

Volume 33 (2021): Issue 1 (June 2021)

By: Wenji Xu, Gangjun Luo, Xiaoyin Lian, Fengyang Yu, Yang Zheng, Jiajun Lei and Xiaoying Bi

Open Access

|May 2021

Figures & Tables

The flower of I. dichotoma (Y2), I. domestica (S3) and their hybrid progenies: A – I. dichotoma (Y2); B – I. domestica (S3); C – F1-5; D – F2-1; E – F2-2; F – F2-3; G – BC1-S-1; H – BC1-S-2; I – BC1-S-3; J–BC1-S-4; K – BC1-Y-1; l – BC1-Y-2.

Normal meiosis process of pollen mother cells in I. dichotoma (Y2), I. domestica (S3) and their hybrid progenies: A – pollen mother cell (BC1-S-2); B – leptotene (BC1-S-2); C – zygotene (BC1-S-2); D – pachytene (BC1-S-4); E – the diffuse appearance of diplotene (F1-5); F – late diplotene (BC1-Y-1); G – late diplotene (F2-3); H – diakinesis (BC1-S-4); I – metaphase I (BC1-S-2); J – anaphase I (BC1-S-4); K – telophase I (BC1-S-2); L – prophase II (BC1-S-2); M – metaphase II (BC1-Y-2); N – anaphase II (F1-5); O – telophase II (BC1-S-4); P – telophase II (BC1-S-2); Q, R – tetrad (BC1-S-4); S – tetrad spores (BC1-S-4); T – pollen (Y2).

Abnormal meiosis phenomena in pollen mother cells of F1, F2 and BC1 plants from the cross I. dichotoma (Y2) × I. domestica (S3): A, B – non-congression in metaphase I of F2-2 and F1-5, respectively; C – laggard chromosomes in anaphase I of BC1-Y-1; D – bridge in anaphase I of BC1-S-2; E – double bridges in anaphase I of F2-3; F – thick bridge in anaphase I of BC1-S-1; G – unequal separation in telophase I of F2-1; H – micronuclei in telophase I of BC1-S-2; I – non-congression in metaphase II of BC1-S-3; J – early separation in metaphase II of BC1-S-1; K – tripolar spindle fibres in metaphase II of F2-1; L – perpendicular spindle fibres in metaphase II of BC1-S-1; M – laggard chromosomes in anaphase II of BC1-S-2; N – bridge in anaphase II of F2-3; O – tripolar spindle fibres in anaphase II of F2-1; P, Q – perpendicular spindle fibres in anaphase II of F1-5 and BC1-S-2, respectively; R – multiple spindle fibres of BC1-S-3; S, T – not synchronous division in anaphase II of F1-5 and F2-3, respectively; U, V – unequal separation in telophase II of BC1-S-4; W – unequal separation in telophase II of BC1-S-4; X – unequal separation in telophase II of BC1-S-2; Y – two micronuclei in telophase II of BC1-S-2.

The meiosis sporad in I. dichotoma (Y2), I. domestica (S3) and their hybrid progenies: A – monad of F2-1; B – dyad of BC1-S-3; C – dyad of F2-2; D – triad of BC1-Y-1; E – triad of BC1-S-3; F – triad of F2-3; G – tetrad of F1-5; H – tetrad of BC1-S-2; I – tetrad of BC1-S-1; J – pentad of BC1-S-2; K – pentad of BC1-S-4; L – polyad of F2-3; M – polyad of BC1-S-3; N – polyad of BC1-S-1; O – polyad of BC1-S-2.

Pollen germination of I. dichotoma (Y2), I. domestica (S3) and their hybrid progenies: A – I. dichotoma (Y2); B – I. domestica (S3); C – F1-5; D – F2-2; E – F2-3; F – BC1-S-2; G – BC1-S-3; H – BC1-S-4; I – BC1-Y-1; J – BC1-Y-2.

Scanning electron micrographs of different pollen grains: A – Y2; B – S3; C – F1-5; D – F2-3; E – BC1-S-3; F – BC1-S-4. C–F – occurrence of large pollen grains. Scale bar = 50 μm (magnification 500×).

The meiosis abnormalities rate (%) in I_ dichotoma, I_ domestica and their hybrid progenies_

Phase abnormalities	Plant materials
Phase abnormalities	Y2	S3	F₁-5	F₂-1	F₂-2	F₂-3	BC₁-S-1	BC₁-S-2	BC₁-S-3	BC₁-S-4	BC₁-Y-1	BC₁-Y-2
Metaphase I	288	241	200	130	184	210	162	207	165	80	142	150
Non-congression	114 (39.6%)	94 (39.0%)	83 (41.5%)	57 (43.8%)	80 (43.5%)	85 (40.5%)	98 (60.5%)	126 (60.9%)	78 (42.3%)	30 (37.5%)	40 (28.2%)	27 (18.0%)
Anaphase I	216	170	156	104	155	140	113	120	150	126	115	143
Lagging chromosomes	82 (37.9%)	35 (20.6%)	53 (34.0%)	11 (10.6%)	42 (27.1%)	31 (22.1%)	46 (40.7%)	50 (41.7%)	60 (40.0%)	41 (32.5%)	24 (20.9%)	14 (9.8%)
Bridge	19 (8.7%)	0 (0.0%)	28 (17.9%)	12 (11.5%)	5 (3.2%)	18 (12.9%)	3 (2.7%)	6 (5.0%)	11 (7.3%)	15 (11.9%)	5 (4.3%)	10 (7.0%)
Telophase I	195	152	152	123	121	127	107	102	109	88	120	167
Unequal separation	22 (11.3%)	8 (5.3%)	35 (23.0%)	64 (52.0%)	13 (10.7%)	9 (7.1%)	47 (43.9%)	24 (23.5%)	0 (0.0%)	25 (28.4%)	27 (22.5%)	45 (26.9%)
Micronuclei	7 (3.6%)	0 (0.0%)	3 (2.0%)	0 (0.0)	9 (7.4%)	12 (9.4%)	10 (9.3%)	4 (3.9%)	19 (17.4%)	5 (5.7%)	3 (2.5%)	0 (0.0%)
Metaphase II	160	160	154	230	131	140	101	142	164	142	150	150
Non-congression	1 (0.6%)	14 (8.8%)	24 (15.6%)	67 (29.1%)	28 (21.4%)	19 (13.6%)	26 (25.7%)	24 (16.9%)	30 (18.3%)	22 (15.5%)	10 (6.7%)	5 (3.33%)
Abnormal spindle	3 (1.9)	2 (1.3%)	41 (26.6%)	76 (33.0%)	6 (4.6%)	17 (12.1%)	14 (13.9%)	54 (38.0%)	61 (37.2%)	44 (31.0%)	25 (16.7%)	34 (22.7%)
Anaphase II	220	188	202	221	194	200	214	281	310	235	250	269
Lagging chromosomes	31 (14.1%)	26 (13.8%)	12 (5.9%)	42 (19.0%)	51 (26.3%)	26 (13.0%)	14 (6.5%)	51 (18.1%)	43 (13.9%)	54 (23.0%)	22 (8.8%)	46 (17.1%)
Bridge	6 (2.7%)	0 (0.0%)	14 (6.9%)	8 (3.6%)	11 (5.7%)	10 (5.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	17 (5.5%)	6 (2.6%)	0 (0.0%)	3 (1.1%)
Abnormal spindle	5 (2.3%)	6 (3.2%)	17 (8.4%)	46 (20.8%)	27 (13.9%)	11 (5.5%)	64 (29.9%)	30 (10.7%)	71 (22.9%)	16 (6.8%)	6 (2.4%)	2 (0.7%)
Not synchronous division	14 (6.4%)	11 (5.9%)	33 (16.3%)	74 (33.5%)	39 (20.1%)	23 (11.5%)	70 (32.7%)	90 (32.0%)	65 (21.0%)	75 (31.9%)	29 (11.6%)	14 (5.2%)
Telophase II	223	172	200	150	125	183	151	138	152	295	166	121
Unequal separation	43 (19.3%)	42 (24.4%)	76 (38.0)	91 (60.7%)	62 (49.6%)	67 (36.6%)	82 (54.3%)	72 (56.5%)	96 (63.2%)	98 (33.2%)	33 (19.9%)	21 (17.4%)
Micronuclei	8 (3.6%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (4.5%)	1 (0.7%)	4 (3.2%)	12 (6.6%)	24 (15.9%)	6 (4.3%)	2 (1.3%)	30 (10.2%)	19 (11.4%)	12 (9.9%)
Total	1,302	1,083	1,064	958	910	1,000	848	990	1,050	966	943	1,000
Abnormalities rate	26.2%	22.0%	39.5%	57.3%	41.4%	34.2%	58.7%	54.5%	52.7%	47.7%	25.8%	23.3%

Pollen germination rates of I_ dichotoma (Y2), I_ domestica (S3) and their hybrid progenies_

Materials	Pollen in plant	Normal pollen size (μm)	Large pollen (%)	No. of pollens observed	No. of pollens germinated	No. of abort pollens	Abortion rate (%)	Germination rate (%)
Y2	More	65–75	0.5	1,713	447	33	1.9	26.1
S3	More	60–70	0.2	2,706	951	392	14.5	35.1
F₁-5	More	60–70	0.8	2,039	205	738	36.2	10.1
F₂-1	None	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
F₂-2	Little	63–73	0.7	1,354	32	628	46.4	2.4
F₂-3	More	60–70	1.1	1,014	218	323	31.9	21.5
BC₁-S-1	None	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
BC₁-S-2	Little	61–71	1.7	582	9	311	53.4	1.6
BC₁-S-3	Little	62–72	1.7	673	32	334	49.6	4.8
BC₁-S-4	More	58–68	1.9	1,049	76	139	13.3	7.2
BC₁-Y-1	More	65–75	2.0	1,899	526	696	36.7	27.7
BC₁-Y-2	More	63–73	2.3	1,916	597	631	32.9	31.2

Distribution (%) of sporad configurations in I_ dichotoma, I_ domestica and their hybrid progenies_

Materials	No. of cells studied	Monad Rate (%)	Dyad Rate (%)	Triad Rate (%)	Tetrad Rate (%)	Polyad Rate (%)
Y2	245	1.9	4.3	10.6	83.1	0.0
S3	213	0.0	3.8	13.6	78.4	4.2
F₁-5	253	0.4	5.1	5.5	50.2	38.7
F₂-1	208	10.1	36.5	16.4	35.1	1.9
F₂-2	201	6.0	0.0	16.0	72.1	6.0
F₂-3	260	0.0	7.7	30.8	57.7	3.9
BC₁-S-1	432	2.3	14.6	33.8	45.4	3.9
BC₁-S-2	254	1.2	7.1	29.1	51.2	11.4
BC₁-S-3	271	5.5	11.1	33.2	46.1	4.1
BC₁-S-4	373	0.0	4.6	37.0	53.1	5.4
BC₁-Y-1	363	1.7	10.5	34.2	47.9	5.8
BC₁-Y-2	319	1.3	15.7	34.5	44.5	4.1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2021-0013 | Journal eISSN: 2083-5965 | Journal ISSN: 0867-1761

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Language: English

Page range: 173 - 183

Submitted on: Feb 7, 2021

Accepted on: Apr 9, 2021

Published on: May 15, 2021

Published by: Polish Society for Horticultural Sciences (PSHS)

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 2 issues per year

Keywords:

2n gametes,

abnormal meiosis,

interspecific hybrid,

male

Related subjects:

Life sciences,

Plant science,

Zoology,

Ecology,

Life sciences, other

© 2021 Wenji Xu, Gangjun Luo, Xiaoyin Lian, Fengyang Yu, Yang Zheng, Jiajun Lei, Xiaoying Bi, published by Polish Society for Horticultural Sciences (PSHS)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 33 (2021): Issue 1 (June 2021)

Meiotic behaviour and pollen fertility of F1, F2 and BC1 progenies of Iris dichotoma and I. domestica

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

The meiosis abnormalities rate (%) in I_ dichotoma, I_ domestica and their hybrid progenies_

Pollen germination rates of I_ dichotoma (Y2), I_ domestica (S3) and their hybrid progenies_

Distribution (%) of sporad configurations in I_ dichotoma, I_ domestica and their hybrid progenies_

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