Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Biological Significance as an Indicator of Organic Pollution in the Upper Region of Qua Iboe River, Niger Delta, Nigeria Cover

Biological Significance as an Indicator of Organic Pollution in the Upper Region of Qua Iboe River, Niger Delta, Nigeria

Open Access
|Dec 2025

Abstract

The pollution status of Qua Iboe River, Niger Delta, Nigeria, was studied between January 2020 and June 2021 at five sampling locations based on human activities. The indices used were PPI and HFBI for organic pollution. The identified phytoplankton comprised 44 taxa belonging to 5 taxonomic groups, 14 genera of pollution indicators out of 33 genera of the total population, among which Bacillariophyceae accounted for 48.25%, followed by Chlorophyceae (28.87%), and the least was Euglenophyceae with 3.16%. The macroinvertebrates identified comprised 25 taxa, 3 phyla, and 22 families of pollution indicators. Among them, phyla arthropoda accounted for 83.9%, while Mollusca was the lowest accounted for 6.6 %. The HFBI values ranged from 3.94 to 5.98, while PPI score ranged between 17 and 25.The values of HFBI obtained in locations 2, 3, and 5 reflected significant level of organic pollution, while the values of PPI obtained between locations 2 and 5 revealed higher level of organic pollution, which was unsafe for the sustenance of aquatic life; mostly intolerant species. The occurrence of pollution indicator species further proved that the river water was polluted owing to anthropogenic activities. The activities of humans within the watershed should be of concern to the relevant authorities; regulation of these activities should be enforced to minimize the situation of water deterioration and for regaining the natural water quality to support aquatic life and health and make it fit for domestic usage.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/eko-2025-0012 | Journal eISSN: 1337-947X | Journal ISSN: 1335-342X
Language: English
Page range: 100 - 109
Submitted on: Dec 16, 2025
|
Accepted on: May 6, 2025
|
Published on: Dec 18, 2025
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year

© 2025 Udeme Effiong Jonah, Onyinye Mkpola Ukpai, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Landscape Ecology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.