Conditional Release in Albanian Criminal Law and European Human Rights Standards
By: Ylli Pjetërnikaj
References
- Aebi, M. F., & Cocco, E. (2025). SPACE I – 2024: Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics: Prison populations. Strasbourg: Council of Europe. Available at: https://www.coe.int/en/web/prison/-/increasing-overcrowding-in-european-prisons
- Bancsók and László Magyar (No. 2) v Hungary, nos 52374/15 and 53364/15 (ECtHR, 28 October 2021).
- Constitutional Court of Albania, Decision No 8 of 5 March 2005.
- Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers. (1999). Recommendation No R(99)22 on Prison Overcrowding, 30 September 1999.
- Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers. (2003). Recommendation Rec(2003)22 on conditional release (parole), adopted 24 September 2003.
- Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers. (2020). Recommendation Rec(2006)2-rev on the European Prison Rules (revised 1 July 2020). Available at: https://www.coe.int/en/web/prison/conventions-recommendations
- Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Albania, Decision No 150 of 16 November 2011.
- Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Albania, Decision No 155 of 16 November 2011.
- Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Albania, Decision No 10 of 10 January 2012.
- Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Albania, Decision No 72 of 7 March 2012.
- Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Albania, Decision No 125 of 2 May 2012.
- Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Albania, Decision No 160 of 8 June 2012.
- Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Albania, Decision No 321 of 25 November 2013.
- Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Albania, Decision No 41 of 18 March 2015.
- Criminal Code of the People’s Republic of Albania (1952), Article 57.
- Criminal Code of the People’s Socialist Republic of Albania (1977), Article 39.
- Criminal Code of the Republic of Kosovo, Articles 90 and 94.
- Criminal law of the People’s Socialist Republic of Albania: General part. (1982).
- District Court of Tirana, Decision No 841 of 30 June 2009.
- Explanatory Memorandum to Recommendation Rec(2003)22 of the Committee of Ministers on conditional release.
- French Criminal Code, Article 111-4.
- General Directorate of Prisons of the Republic of Albania. (2011). Employment of convicted persons.
- General Prison Regulations of the Republic of Albania.
- Harakchiev and Tolumov v Bulgaria, nos 15018/11 and 61199/12 (ECtHR, 8 July 2014).
- Hutchinson v the United Kingdom [GC], no 57592/08 (ECtHR, 17 January 2017).
- Joint Chambers of the Supreme Court of Albania, Unifying Decision No 2 of 25 May 2015.
- Kruchió and Lehóczki v Hungary, nos 43444/15 and 53441/15 (ECtHR, 14 January 2020).
- László Magyar v Hungary, no 73593/10 (ECtHR, 20 May 2014).
- Law No 7895 of 27 January 1995, Criminal Code of the Republic of Albania, Article 64.
- Law No 8175 of 23 December 1996, amending Law No 7895 of 27 January 1995.
- Law No 8328 of 16 April 1998, On the rights and treatment of convicted persons and pre-trial detainees, as amended.
- Law No 8331 of 21 April 1998, On the Execution of Criminal Decisions.
- Law No 8733 of 24 January 2001, amending Law No 7895 of 27 January 1995.
- Law No 10023 of 27 November 2008, amending Law No 7895 of 27 January 1995.
- Law No 10024 of 27 November 2008, on the transfer of sentenced persons.
- Law No 144/2013, amending Law No 7895 of 27 January 1995.
- Law No 36/2017, amending Law No 7895 of 27 January 1995.
- Muçi, Sh. (2007). E drejta penale: Pjesa e përgjithshme (updated ed.). Tirana: Dudaj.
- Murray v the Netherlands [GC], no 10511/10 (ECtHR, 26 April 2016).
- Öcalan v Turkey [GC], no 46221/99 (ECtHR).
- OSCE Presence in Albania. (2009). Manual for the probation officer.
- OSCE Presence in Albania. (2010). Manual on the application of alternatives to imprisonment.
- Penal Reform International. (2025). Global prison trends 2025. London: Penal Reform International. Available at: https://www.penalreform.org/resource/global-prison-trends-2025/
- Policy document on reducing overcrowding in the institutions for the execution of criminal decisions. (November 2015).
- Salihu, I., Zhitija, H., & Hasani, F. (2014). Commentary on the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kosovo (1st ed.). Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. Sándor Varga and Others v Hungary, nos 39734/15 and 2 others (ECtHR, 17 June 2021).
- Supreme Court of Albania, Unifying Decision No 284 of 6 October 2000.
- Vinter and Others v the United Kingdom [GC], nos 66069/09, 130/10 and 3896/10 (ECtHR, 9 July 2013).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ejels-2026-0027 | Journal eISSN: 2519-1284 (formerly 2520-0429) | Journal ISSN: 2520-0429
Language: English
Page range: 32 - 42
Published online: Oct 11, 2026
Published in print: Sep 1, 2026
Published by: International Institute for Private, Commercial and Competition Law
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 3 issues per year
Keywords:
Related subjects:
© 2026 Ylli Pjetërnikaj, published by International Institute for Private, Commercial and Competition Law
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License.