The amount of daily dietary energy and nutrients intake
| Male | Female | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients (n:16) | Healthy (n:16) | Patients (n:16) | Healthy (n:16) | |||||
| Energy nutrients and | X̅ ±SD | Med ±IQR | X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR | X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR | X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR |
| Energy (kkal) | 1957 ±455,25 | 1843±742,11 | 2832±524,52 | 2815±584,60 | 1563±395,75 | 1557±367,31 | 2341±623,61 | 2246±924,82 |
| t=-5,040 | p=0,000** | Z=-3,731 | p=0,000** | |||||
| Carbohydrate (g) | 221,8±59,63 | 207,4±66,05 | 394,8±96,21 | 387,8±53,82 | 155,6±44,48 | 149,0±45,48 | 328,5±104,81 | 346,3±144,56 |
| t=-6,113 | p=0,000** | Z=-4,221 | p=0,000** | |||||
| Carbohydrate (%) | 46,7±8,43 | 49,0±15,75 | 56,7±5,70 | 57,0±8,50 | 40,8±3,89 | 40,0±4,75 | 56,8±8,00 | 60,0±10,75 |
| t=-3,932 | p=0,001** | t=-7,195 | p=0,000** | |||||
| Fiber (g) | 26,9±10,97 | 26,7±12,74 | 36,2±11,89 | 34,4±12,39 | 19,3±6,37 | 17,9±11,86 | 29,3±7,84 | 29,6±8,38 |
| t=-2,308 | p=0,028* | t=-3,986 | p=0,000** | |||||
| Protein (g) | 63,8±19,20 | 57,5±19,21 | 91,0±23,98 | 94,7±36,79 | 49,5±19,63 | 46,3±16,66 | 62,9±18,57 | 58,9±30,28 |
| t=-3,539 | p=0,001** | Z=-2,337 | p=0,019* | |||||
| Animal (g) protein | 30,5±14,20 | 28,6±15,89 | 36,3±16,58 | 30,1±27,82 | 24,3±18,50 | 20,5±16,65 | 17,3±11,36 | 14,5±10,29 |
| Z=-0,942 | p=0,346 | Z=-1,357 | p=0,175 | |||||
| Total fat (g) | 88,4±30,40 | 82,3±50,65 | 94,3±16,79 | 95,3±28,49 | 80,8±21,24 | 82,9±34,84 | 83,5±28,09 | 79,4±38,36 |
| t=-0,686 | p=0,500 | t=-0,316 | p=0,754 | |||||
| PUFA (g) | 20,7±12,20 | 17,2±20,04 | 17,3±6,70 | 16,7±12,40 | 20,3±8,96 | 20,5±15,52 | 15,5±14,99 | 15,5±18,90 |
| t=0,952 | p=0,350 | Z=-1,131 | p=0,258 | |||||
| n-3 (g) | 1,8±1,02 | 1,5±1,75 | 2,2±0,95 | 1,9±1,37 | 1,6±1,16 | 1,4±0,97 | 1,8±1,12 | 1,1±2,05 |
| Z=-1,357 | p=0,175 | Z=-0,094 | p=0,925 | |||||
| n-6 (g) | 18,7±11,69 | 15,9±18,61 | 15,1±6,66 | 13,7±10,70 | 18,6±8,68 | 18,9±13,93 | 16,4±14,40 | 12,9±18,75 |
| t=1,093 | p=0,285 | Z=-1,244 | p=0,214 | |||||
Individuals' serum carnitine, biochemical parameters and HOMA-IR values
| Male | Female | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients (n:16) | Healthy (n:16) | Patients (n:16) | Healthy (n:16) | |||||
| Parameters | X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR | X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR | X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR | X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR |
| Serum glucose (mg/dL) | 143,2±48,30 | 125,5±48,25 | 85,6±10,97 | 82,5±16,25 | 162,3±71,19 | 137,5±88,50 | 84,1±7,55 | 83,5±12,00 |
| Z=-4,523 | p=0,000** | Z=-4,638 | p=0,000** | |||||
| Serum insulin (mU/ L) | 14,6±8,21 | 13,7±13,40 | 8,4±3,87 | 8,2±5,28 | 18,2±9,04 | 16,7±12,91 | 6,7±2,67 | 5,9±3,23 |
| t=2,734 | p=0,012* | Z=-4,372 | p=0,000** | |||||
| Serum total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 193,8±24,67 | 193,1±45,08 | 152,7±31,51 | 154,5±48,00 | 191,2±66,55 | 186,6±74,18 | 155,1±25,60 | 156,0±30,75 |
| t=4,104 | p=0,000** | t=2,028 | p=0,057 | |||||
| Serum LDL-dL) C (mg/ | 119,6±20,21 | 117,8±29,25 | 109,8±25,26 | 109,5±39,75 | 121,7±42,46 | 116,2±55,55 | 106,9±17,87 | 105,0±20,75 |
| t=1,210 | p=0,236 | t=1,285 | p=0,213 | |||||
| Serum HDL-C (mg/ dL) | 40,0±7,33 | 39,6±10,60 | 32,2±6,91 | 31,9±11,85 | 48,1±12,28 | 47,4±18,90 | 38,4±8,23 | 37,2±10,33 |
| t=3,116 | p=0,004** | t=2,620 | p=0,014* | |||||
| Serum VLDL-C (mg/ dL) | 34,2±10,78 | 33,1±14,45 | 19,4±6,53 | 20,0±9,00 | 36,9±19,46 | 33,1±38,61 | 18,2±10,34 | 14,0±7,25 |
| t=4,691 | p=0,000** | Z=-3,209 | p=0,001** | |||||
| Serum triglycerides (mg/ dL) | 171,0±53,88 | 165,9±72,15 | 96,7±33,07 | 99,1±46,43 | 193,1±117,87 | 165,5±193,05 | 91,2±51,83 | 70,8±36,08 |
| t=4,701 | p=0,000** | Z=-3,128 | p=0,002** | |||||
| HOMA-IR | 5,2±3,33 | 4,2±5,32 | 1,8±0,91 | 1,7±1,53 | 7,0±3,62 | 6,7±6,83 | 1,4±0,66 | 1,2±0,76 |
| t=3,911 | p=0,001** | Z=-4,711 | p=0,000** | |||||
| Serum carnitine (nmol/ mL) | 51,6±12,08 | 50,6±20,83 | 68,1±26,57 | 59,5±17,25 | 56,9±10,91+ | 59,7±12,65+ | 66,7±23,23 | 62,3±15,43 |
| Z=-2,450 | p=0,014* | Z=-1,319 | p=0,187 | |||||
Individuals' age, BMI, and some anthropometric measurements
| Male | Female | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients (n:16) | Healthy (n:16) | Patients (n:16) | Healthy (n:16) | |||||
| X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR | X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR | X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR | X̅ ±SD | Med±IQR | |
| Age (yıl) | 47,4±8,06 | 49,5±9,25 | 47,9±7,37 | 50,0±6,25 | 44,2±6,65 | 46,5±4,50 | 41,3±7,45 | 40,5±11,75 |
| Z=-0,076 | p=0,940 | Z=-1,304 | p=0,192 | |||||
| Body (kg) weight | 79,1±13,84 | 78,4±17,13 | 84,3±11,82 | 82,9±16,20 | 83,5±11,84 | 79,5±17,13 | 85,5±15,24 | 85,2±19,53 |
| t=-1,140 | p=0,263 | t=-0,414 | p=0,681 | |||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27,9±4,25 | 27,4±6,04 | 27,9±3,70 | 27,4±4,46 | 34,8±5,21 | 33,9±8,18 | 34,0±5,96 | 33,1±7,94 |
| t=-0,010 | p=0,992 | t=0,389 | p=0,700 | |||||
| Body centage fat per- (%) | 25,9±5,35 | 25,3±10,53 | 27,7±6,58 | 27,3±6,65 | 41,9±4,04 | 41,7±7,80 | 42,4±5,82 | 43,0±7,28 |
| t=-0,834 | p=0,411 | t=-0,275 | p=0,785 | |||||
| Body (fat kg) mass | 21,1±7,69 | 19,3±12,92 | 23,9±8,55 | 23,5±8,47 | 35,4±8,19 | 32,87±14,57 | 37,0±11,23 | 36,91±10,62 |
| t=-0,951 | p=0,349 | t=-0,465 | p=0,646 | |||||
Relationship between serum carnitine levels and some parameters in individuals
| Male | Female | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients (n:16) | Healthy (n:16) | Patients (n:16) | Healthy (n:16) | |||||
| Parameters | r | p | r | p | r | p | r | p |
| Dietary intake energy (kkal) | -0,406 | 0,119 | -0,144 | 0,594 | 0,021 | 0,940 | -0,291 | 0,274 |
| Dietary carbohydrate intake (g) | -0,496 | 0,051 | -0,138 | 0,610 | 0,013 | 0,961 | -0,338 | 0,200 |
| Carbohydrate percentage (%) | -0,121 | 0,657 | -0,102 | 0,707 | 0,069 | 0,800 | 0,112 | 0,679 |
| Dietary intake fiber (g) | -0,411 | 0,114 | 0,144 | 0,594 | 0,451 | 0,079 | -0,503 | 0,047* |
| Dietary intake protein (g) | 0,075 | 0,782 | -0,121 | 0,656 | 0,175 | 0,120 | -0,374 | 0,154 |
| Dietary animal protein intake (g) | 0,113 | 0,676 | -0,018 | 0,948 | -0,037 | 0,892 | 0,006 | 0,983 |
| Dietary intake total (g) fat | -0,267 | 0,317 | 0,026 | 0,922 | 0,115 | 0,670 | -0,435 | 0,092 |
| Dietary intake PUFA (g) | -0,187 | 0,489 | 0,691 | 0,003** | -0,389 | 0,137 | -0,044 | 0,871 |
| Dietary intake n-(g) 3 | -0,006 | 0,983 | 0,341 | 0,196 | 0,034 | 0,901 | -0,242 | 0,367 |
| Dietary intake n-6 (g) | -0,385 | 0,141 | 0,706 | 0,002** | -0,262 | 0,327 | -0,274 | 0,305 |
| Serum (mg/glucose dL) | -0,121 | 0,656 | -0,345 | 0,191 | 0,063 | 0,816 | -0,344 | 0,192 |
| Serum (mU/insulin L) | -0,161 | 0,553 | -0,144 | 0,594 | -0,080 | 0,770 | -0,374 | 0,154 |
| HOMA-IR | -0,201 | 0,455 | -0,174 | 0,520 | 0,005 | 0,985 | -0,450 | 0,080 |
| Body (kg) weight | 0,110 | 0,686 | -0,115 | 0,672 | -0,205 | 0,446 | -0,676 | 0,004** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0,068 | 0,801 | -0,418 | 0,107 | -0,015 | 0,956 | -0,632 | 0,009** |
| Body centage fat per- (%) | -0,131 | 0,628 | -0,032 | 0,905 | -0,154 | 0,570 | -0,424 | 0,102 |
| Body (fat kg) mass | -0,005 | 0,984 | -0,094 | 0,729 | -0,211 | 0,432 | -0,526 | 0,036* |