Influence of Collateral Circulation and Clamping Duration on Neurological Outcomes in Asymptomatic Patients after Carotid Endarterectomy

Risk factors	CoW-C n=34	CoW-IC n=36	p
Male sex (%)	76.5	41.7	0.004
Age (median, min–max)	73 (40–80)	71 (54–84)	0.701
DM (%)	47.8	25	0.135
HTA (%)	100	87.5	0.234
Dyslipidaemia (%)	87	87.5	0.955
Smoking (%)	63.6	71.4	0.547
Previous MI (%)	34.8	16.7	0.193
Previous PCI/CABG (%)	34.7	29.2	0.688
CHF (%)	17.4	0	0.050
AF (%)	13	12.5	0.955
PAD (%)	8.7	16.7	0.666
COPD (%)	8.7	16.7	0.666
CKD (%)	0	4.2	1

[i] CoW-C - complete circle of Willis, CoW-IC - incomplete circle of Willis, DM - diabetes mellitus, HTA - hypertension, MI - myocardial infarction, PCI - percutanes coronary intervention, CABG - coronary artery bypass grafting, CHF - congestive heart failure, AF - atrial fibrillation, PAD - peripheral arterial disease, COPD - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CKD - chronic kidney disease

Table 2.

Predictors of adverse neurological events

Factor	OR	95% CI	p
Male sex	0.150	0.016–1.422	0.098
Duration of clamping	1.191	0.999–1.419	0.049
Age	0.997	0.877–1.133	0.958
DM	0.833	0.125–5.556	0.851
Smoking	6.667	0.641–69.344	0.112
Previous MI	1.419	0.143–14.111	0.765
COPD	0.541	0.050–5.852	0.613

[i] DM – diabetes mellitus, MI – myocardial infarction, COPD – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/eabr-2024-0022 | Journal eISSN: 2956-2090 (formerly 2335-075X, 2956-0454) | Journal ISSN: 2956-0454 (formerly 1820-8665)

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Language: English

Page range: 347 - 352

Submitted on: Oct 30, 2024

Accepted on: Dec 19, 2024

Published on: Feb 25, 2026

Published by: University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

Circle of Willis,

Reperfusion,

Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis,

Collateral Circulation,

UDC:

Related subjects:

Clinical medicine, other

© 2026 Mirjana Antonijevic, Jovan Petrovic, Slobodan Pesic, Slobodan Tanaskovic, Predrag Gajin, Nenda Ilijevski, Predrag Matic, published by University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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