Mindfulness and Work Engagement Among Hybrid Employees: A Closer Look
References
- Al, N., Ch, N., Ansah, A. A., Katrahmani, A., Burmeister, J., Kun, A. L., Mills, C., Shaer, O., & Lee, J. D. (2023). Virtual nature experiences and mindfulness practices while working from home during COVID-19: Effects on stress, focus, and creativity. International Journal of Human – Computer Studies, 171(102982). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102982
- Apenbrink, K. S., & Kuhlmann, R. (2026). Daily Gain Cycles in Hybrid Work Environments: A Multilevel Study on the Reciprocal Interplay of Job Crafting, Psychological Capital, and Work Engagement. Journal of Business and Psychology, 41(3), 673–695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-025-10070-3
- Awang, Z. (2012). Structural equation modeling using AMOS graphic. Penerbit Universiti Teknologi MARA.
- Baas, M., Nevicka, B., & Velden, F. S. Ten. (2014). Specific Mindfulness Skills Differentially Predict Creative Performance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40(9), 1092–1106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167214535813
- Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. (2023). Job Demands – Resources Theory: Ten Years Later. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10, 25–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-053933
- Bartlett, L., Buscot, M., Bindoff, A., Chambers, R., & Hassed, C. (2021). Mindfulness Is Associated With Lower Stress and Higher Work Engagement in a Large Sample of MOOC Participants. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(724126). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.724126
- Beňo, M. (2021). The Advantages and Disadvantages of E-working: An Examination using an ALDINE Analysis. Emerging Science Journal, 5(Special Issue “Covid-19: Emerging Research”), 11–20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.28991/esj-2021-SPER-02
- Bishop, S. R. (2004). Mindfulness: A Proposed Operational Definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11(3), 230–241. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy/bph077
- Britton, W. B. (2019). Can Mindfulness Be Too Much of a Good Thing? The Value of a Middle Way. Current Opinion in Psychology, 28, 159–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.011
- Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The Benefits of Being Present: Mindfulness and Its Role in Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822
- Brown, K. W., Ryan, R. M., & Creswell, J. D. (2007). Mindfulness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for its salutary effects. Psychological Inquiry, 18(4), 211–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/10478400701598298
- Carlson, E. N. (2013). Overcoming the Barriers to Self-Knowledge: Mindfulness as a Path to Seeing Yourself as You Really Are. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(2), 173–186. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691612462584
- Chau, P. Y. K. (1997). Reexamining a model for evaluating information center success using a structural equation modeling approach. Decision Sciences, 28(2), 309–334. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1997.tb01313.x
- Choi, E., Gruman, J. A., & Leonard, C. M. (2022). A balanced view of mindfulness at work. Organizational Psychology Review, 12(1), 35–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/20413866211036930
- Coo, C., & Salanova, M. (2018). Mindfulness Can Make You Happy-and-Productive: A Mindfulness Controlled Trial and Its Effects on Happiness, Work Engagement and Performance. Journal of Happiness Studies, 19, 1691–1711. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-017-9892-8
- Deepa, R., & Dharshini, J. J. (2024). Driving sustained work engagement: moderating role of leadership and organizational support for remote work. Management Research Review, 47(3), 464–482. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-11-2022-0806
- Deshpande, A., Raut, R., Mittal, A., & Kaul, N. (2024). Mindfulness matters: unravelling its in fl uence on job demands and emotional exhaustion in remote work. International Journal of Organizational Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-05-2024-4493
- Efron, B. (1979). Bootstrap methods: Another look at the jackknife. The Annals of Statistics, 7(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1176344552
- Eysenbach, G. (2004). Improving the Quality of Web Surveys: The Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES ). Journal of Medical Internet Resarch, 6((3): e34), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.6.3.e34
- Ferreira, R., Pereira, R., & Mira, M. (2021). Decision Factors for Remote Work Adoption: Advantages, Disadvantages, Driving Forces and Challenges. Journal of Open Innovation, 7(70), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010070
- Flynn, B. B., Huo, B., & Zhao, X. (2010). The impact of supply chain integration on performance: A contingency and configuration approach. Journal of Operations Management, 28(1), 58–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2009.06.001
- Grant, A. M., & Schwartz, B. (2011). Perspectives on Psychological Science Too Much of a Good Thing: The Challenge and Opportunity of the Inverted U. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(1), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610393523
- Gunasekara, A., & Zheng, C. S. (2019). Examining the effect of different facets of mindfulness on work engagement. Employee Relations, 41(1), 193–208. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-09-2017-0220
- Haans, R. F. J., Pieters, C., & He, Z.-L. (2016). Thinking about U: Theorizing and testing U- and inverted U-shaped relationships in strategy research. Strategic Management Journal, 37(7), 1177–1195. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2399
- Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Babin, B. J., & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (Vol. 7). Pearson.
- Hakanen, J. J., Ropponen, A., Schaufeli, W. B., & De Witte, H. (2019). Who is Engaged at Work?: A Large-Scale Study in 30 European Countries. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 61(5), 373–381. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001528
- Harunavamwe, M., & Kanengoni, H. (2023). Hybrid and virtual work settings; the interaction between technostress, perceived organisational support, work-family conflict and the impact on work engagement. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 14(2), 252–270. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJEMS-07-2022-0306
- Hülsheger, U. R. (2015). Making Sure That Mindfulness Is Promoted in Organizations in the Right Way and for the Right Goals. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 8(4), 674–679. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-8
- Hülsheger, U. R., Nübold, A., & Vasil,jeva, D. (2025). Mindful while Working from Home? A Facet-Level Investigation of the Daily Costs of Telecommuting for Workplace Mindfulness. Occupational Health Science, 9, 1023–1049. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41542-025-00234-1
- Inzlicht, M., Werner, K. M., Briskin, J. L., & Roberts, B. W. (2021). Integrating Models of Self-Regulation. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 319–345.
- Ioannou, A., Lycett, M., & Marshan, A. (2024). The Role of Mindfulness in Mitigating the Negative Consequences of Technostress. Information Systems Frontiers, 26(2), 523–549. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-021-10239-0
- Ipsen, C., Veldhoven, M. Van, & Kirchner, K. (2021). Six Key Advantages and Disadvantages of Working from Home in Europe during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1826), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041826
- Janssen, E., Van Strydonck, I., Decuypere, A., Decramer, A., & Audenaert, M. (2020). How to foster nurses’ well-being and performance in the face of work pressure? The role of mindfulness as personal resource. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 76(12), 3495–3505. https://doi.org/DOI:10.1111/jan.14563
- Jarque, C. M., & Bera, A. K. (1987). A test for normality of observations and regression residuals. International Statistical Review, 55(22), 163–172. https://doi.org/10.2307/1403192
- Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work. The Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724.
- Kahn, W. A. (1992). To Be Fully There: Psychological Presence at Work. Human Relations, 45(4), 321–349. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679204500402
- Kozjek, T., & Brezovar, N. (2022). Citizens Mistreatment among Public Servants in social public services. Danube: Law, Economics and Social Issues Review, 13(2), 82–106. https://doi.org/10.2478/danb-2022-0006
- Krick, A., Felfe, J., & Klebe, L. (2023). Can mindfulness buffer against negative effects of job demands for military and police personnel? Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 65(5), 428–436.
- Leroy, H., Anseel, F., Dimitrova, N. G., & Sels, L. (2013). Mindfulness, authentic functioning, and work engagement: A growth modeling approach. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 82(3), 238–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.01.012
- Li, W. H., Zhou, Y., Su, J. X., Ma, H. Y., Zhang, J., & Tang, H. Y. (2023). Engage your work, and enjoy your evening: How daily work engagement promotes non - work mastery and control experiences. Current Psychology, 42(23), 19970–19980. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03100-3
- Lymeus, F., Lundgren, T., & Hartig, T. (2017). Attentional Effort of Beginning Mindfulness Training Is Offset With Practice Directed Toward Images of Natural Scenery. Environment and Behavior, 49(5), 536–559. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916516657390
- MacKinnon, J. G., & White, H. (1985). Some heteroskedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimators with improved finite sample properties. Journal of Econometrics, 29(3), 305–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(85)90158-7
- Mäkikangas, A., Juutinen, S., Mäkiniemi, J. P., Sjöblom, K., & Oksanen, A. (2022). Work engagement and its antecedents in remote work: A person-centered view. Work and Stress, 36(4), 392–416. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2022.2080777
- Malinowski, P., & Lim, H. J. (2015). Mindfulness at Work: Positive Affect, Hope, and Optimism Mediate the Relationship Between Dispositional Mindfulness, Work Engagement, and Well-Being. Mindfulness, 6, 1250–1262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0388-5
- Miglioretti, M., Gragnano, A., Margheritti, S., & Picco, E. (2021). Not all telework is valuable. Revista de Psicologia Del Trabajo y de Las Organizaciones, 37(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.5093/JWOP2021A6
- Ministry of Economic Development Labour and Technology. (2026). Working time setting and settlement. https://www.gov.pl/web/your-europe/working-time-setting-and-settlement
- Monje-Amor, A. (2024). Paradigm shift: students’ perceptions of work models and well-being. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 32(6), 1088–1098. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-02-2023-3634
- Nationwide Research Panel Ariadna. (2026). Polityka Jakości Panelu CAWI. Ogólnopolski Panel Badawczy Sp. z o.o. https://panelariadna.pl/ariadna_polityka_jakosci.pdf
- Pattnaik, L., & Jena, L. K. (2020). Mindfulness, remote engagement and employee morale: conceptual analysis to address the “new normal”. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(4), 873–890. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-06-2020-2267
- Petchsawang, P., & McLean, G. N. (2017). Workplace spirituality, mindfulness meditation, and work engagement. Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion, 14(3), 216–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2017.1291360
- Petrová, K. (2022). The impact of digital technologies on neoclassical labour market. Danube: Law, Economics and Social Issues Review, 13(4), 318–330. https://doi.org/10.2478/danb-2022-0020
- Pierce, J. R., & Aguinis, H. (2013). The Too-Much-of-a-Good-Thing Effect in Management. Journal of Management, 39(2), 313–338. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206311410060
- Rietveld, E. (2012). Context-switching and responsiveness to real relevance. In Kiverstein, J. & Wheeler, M. (Eds.). Heidegger and cognitive science (pp. 105–134). Palgrave Macmillan.
- Ruedy, N. E., & Schweitzer, M. E. (2010). In the Moment: The Effect of Mindfulness on Ethical Decision Making. Journal of Business Ethics, 95, 73–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0796-y
- Santillan, E. G., Santillan, E. T., Doringo, J. B., Pigao, K. J. F., & Mesina, V. F. C. (2023). Assessing the Impact of a Hybrid Work Model on Job Execution, Work-Life Balance, and Employee Satisfaction in a Technology Company. Journal of Business and Management Studies, 5(6), 13–38. https://doi.org/10.32996/jbms
- Sawyer, K. B., Thoroughgood, C. N., Stillwell, E. E., Duffy, M. K., Scott, K. L., & Adair, E. A. (2022). Being present and thankful: A multi-study investigation of mindfulness, gratitude, and employee helping behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 107(2), 240.
- Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2010). Defining and measuring work engagement: Bringing clarity to the concept. In Bakker, A. B., & Leiter, M. P. (Ed.). Work Engagement: A Handbook of Essential Theory and Research (pp. 10–24).
- Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2003). Utrecht work engagement scale-9. Educational and Psychological Measurement. https://doi.org/10.1037/t05561-000
- Sharma, A., Tran, N., Duc, M., Luu, T., Thang, L., Nam, N. H., Ng, S. J., Abbas, K. S., Huy, N. T., Maru, A., Paul, C. L., Kizawa, Y., Taal, E., Vermeulen, J., Verra, M. L., & Jacqz-aigrain, É. M. (2021). A Consensus-Based Checklist for Reporting of Survey Studies (CROSS). Journal of General Internal Medicine, 36(10), 3179–3187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-021-06737-1
- Sutcliffe, K. M., Vogus, T. J., & Dane, E. (2016). Mindfulness in Organizations: A Cross-Level Review. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 3(April), 55–81. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-041015-062531
- Toniolo-Barrios, M., & Pitt, L. (2021). Mindfulness and the challenges of working from home in times of crisis. Business Horizons, 64, 189–197.
- Toscano, F., González-Romá, V., & Zappalà, S. (2024). The Influence of Working from Home vs. Working at the Office on Job Performance in a Hybrid Work Arrangement: A Diary Study. Journal of Business and Psychology, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-024-09970-7
- van Merrienboer, J. J. G., & Sweller, J. (2010). Cognitive load theory Cognitive load theory in health professional education: design principles and strategies. Medical Education, 44, 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03498.x
- Vione, K. C., & Kotera, Y. (2023). Mindfulness – Based Approaches for COVID-19 Mental Health in Working from Home. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21, 1132–1138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00647-3
- Vlčková, M., Frantíková, Z., & Vrchota, J. (2019). Relationship between the financial indicators and the implementation of telework. Danube: Law, Economics and Social Issues Review, 10(1), 45–66. https://doi.org/10.2478/danb-2019-0003
- Waizenegger, L., McKenna, B., Cai, W., & Bendz, T. (2020). An Affordance Perspective of Team Collaboration and Enforced Working from Home During COVID-19. European Journal of Information Systems, 29(4), 429–442. https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085x.2020.1800417
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/danb-2026-0014 | Journal eISSN: 1804-8285 | Journal ISSN: 1804-6746 (formerly 1804-8285)
Language: English
Page range: 204 - 225
Submitted on: Jun 13, 2025
Accepted on: Aug 7, 2026
Published online: Oct 13, 2026
Published in print: Sep 1, 2026
Published by: European Research University
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
Related subjects:
© 2026 Katarzyna Mierzejewska, Katarzyna Woźniak-Jasińska, Michał Chomicki, published by European Research University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.