Operating Conditions of an Induction-Based Electrically Heated Tobacco System – Tobacco Heating System 3.0

Markus Nordlund; Serge Maeder; Jerome Courbat; Gianluca Bongiovanni; Anna Susz; Pascal Pratte; Enrico Stura; Brankica Aleksic; Maurice Smith

doi:10.2478/cttr-2026-0003

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Operating Conditions of an Induction-Based Electrically Heated Tobacco System – Tobacco Heating System 3.0

Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research

Volume 35 (2026): Issue 1 (February 2026)

By: Markus Nordlund, Serge Maeder, Jerome Courbat, Gianluca Bongiovanni, Anna Susz, Pascal Pratte, Enrico Stura, Brankica Aleksic and Maurice Smith

Open Access

|Mar 2026

Figures & Tables

The components of the (a) THS 3.0 and (b) EHTP (reproduced from (43)).EHTP: electrically heated tobacco products; HAT: hollow acetate tube; THD: tobacco heating device; THS: Tobacco Heating System.

Airflow path through the EHTP and holder during a puff.EHTP: electrically heated tobacco product; HAT: hollow acetate tube; MPF: mouthpiece filter.

Schematic representation of the positions of the thermocouples in the EHTP tobacco plug. The thermocouples TC1, TC2, and TC3 were radially positioned 0.5 mm, 1.5 mm, and 3.5 mm from the susceptor in the tobacco plug, respectively. The temperature in the tobacco substrate was measured at these three radial positions at three axial positions (front, middle, back).EHTP: electrically heated tobacco product; TC: thermocouples; THD: tobacco heating device.

Thermodenuded aerosol method: mainstream aerosol generation, thermodenuding, and collection (extracted from (37)).

Average susceptor temperature based on temperature data measured on the susceptor surface for five replicates.The lines represent the average values, and the shaded areas indicate the range between ± one standard deviation.

Measured temperatures at (a) the front axial position, (b) the middle axial position, and (c) the back axial position at three different radial positions. The lines represent the average values of five replicates, and the shaded areas indicate the range between ± one standard deviation for each position.

Optical photographs of tobacco portions extracted from unused EHTPs (top row) and used EHTPs (bottom row) for five replicates.

CO/CO2 ratio for the THS 3.0 aerosol on a puff-per-puff basis under air using (a) ISO 20778 and (b) extreme machine puffing regimens.

The number of particles counted per mm2 for the blank air sample (blue), thermodenuded aerosol from THS 3.0 (yellow), and thermodenuded 1R6F reference cigarette smoke (red) reported as pooled average with the error bars representing ± one standard deviation.

CO, NO, NOx, and benzo[a]pyrene in reference cigarette smoke and in THS 3_0 aerosol under oxidative and non-oxidative atmospheres and ISO 20778 machine puffing regimen_

Constituents	Units	1R6F in air		EHTP in air		EHTP in nitrogen

		Average	Standard deviation	Average	Standard deviation	Average	Standard deviation
CO	mg/unit	28.91	2.14	0.19	0.01	0.14	0.00
NO	μg/unit	453.39	18.55	7.40	0.26	10.37	0.26
NO_x	μg/unit	520.06	41.96	7.99	0.36	9.86	0.24
Benzo[a]pyrene	ng/unit	14.22	0.85	0.71	0.04	0.76	0.02

Comparison of analytes' concentrations in the THS 3_0 aerosol to maximum levels prescribed by BSI PAS 8850:2020 (33) under ISO 20778 machine puffing regimen_

Analyte	Units	THS 3.0 aerosol in air		BSI PAS 8850:2020 emission thresholds

		Average	Standard deviation	Maximum emission level	Confidence interval
CO	mg/100 cm³	0.029	0.0015	< 0.3	25%
NO	μg/100 cm³	1.12	0.0394	< 4.0	25%
NO_x	μg/100 cm³	1.21	0.0545	< 5.0	25%

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2026-0003 | Journal eISSN: 2719-9509

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Language: English

Page range: 39 - 57

Submitted on: Oct 16, 2025

Accepted on: Jan 30, 2026

Published on: Mar 25, 2026

Published by: Institut für Tabakforschung GmbH

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Tobacco Heating System 3.0,

absence of combustion,

no smoke,

aerosol,

tobacco,

Related subjects:

Life sciences, other,

Physics,

Physics, other

© 2026 Markus Nordlund, Serge Maeder, Jerome Courbat, Gianluca Bongiovanni, Anna Susz, Pascal Pratte, Enrico Stura, Brankica Aleksic, Maurice Smith, published by Institut für Tabakforschung GmbH
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License.

Volume 35 (2026): Issue 1 (February 2026)

Operating Conditions of an Induction-Based Electrically Heated Tobacco System – Tobacco Heating System 3.0

Figures & Tables

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Figure 9.

CO, NO, NOx, and benzo[a]pyrene in reference cigarette smoke and in THS 3_0 aerosol under oxidative and non-oxidative atmospheres and ISO 20778 machine puffing regimen_

Comparison of analytes' concentrations in the THS 3_0 aerosol to maximum levels prescribed by BSI PAS 8850:2020 (33) under ISO 20778 machine puffing regimen_

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