Figure 1.
Relationship between nicotine equivalents (mg/24 h) and total duration of use (min). Each symbol represents the individual daily urinary nicotine equivalent levels (mg/24 h) and daily total duration of use loose (A) or pouched (B) MST products. Total duration of loose or pouched MST product use was calculated as the sum of the measured time duration for each use occasion by each participant. Each symbol represents the individual daily urinary nicotine equivalent levels (mg/24 h) and number of loose or pouched MST product use occasions. A significant linear relationship (p < 0.05) was observed based on the linear regression analysis.
Figure 2.
Relationship between nicotine equivalents (mg/24 h) and total weight of loose MST product / Total number of pouches used per day. Each symbol represents the individual daily urinary nicotine equivalent levels (mg/24 h) and number of loose (A) or pouched (B) MST product use occasions. A significant linear relationship (p < 0.05) was observed based on the linear regression analysis.
Table 1.
Demographics.
| Characteristics | Loose MST n = 168 | Pouched MST n = 61 | Overall N = 229 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age (SD), years | 37.6 (11.61) | 36.9 (10.75) | 37.4 (11.37) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 160 (95.2) | 54 (88.5) | 214 (93.4) |
| Female | 8 (4.8) | 7 (11.5) | 15 (6.6) |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| American Indian / Alaska native | 4 (2.4) | 1 (1.6) | 5 (2.2) |
| Asian | 1 (0.6) | — | 1 (0.4) |
| Black | 16 (9.5) | 9 (14.8) | 25 (10.9) |
| White | 145 (86.3) | 50 (82.0) | 195 (85.2) |
| Multiple | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.6) | 3 (1.3) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| Hispanic or Latino | 3 (1.8) | 3 (4.9) | 6 (2.6) |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 165 (98.2) | 58 (95.1) | 223 (97.4) |
| Mean BMI (SD), kg/m2 | 29.3 (5.21) | 29.4 (4.97) | 29.3 (5.14) |
Table 2.
Summary statistics for product use behavior. Data reflect a product use period of 16 h.
| Product use behavior | N | Mean | SD | Min | Median | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loose MST | ||||||
| Average duration of use (min) | 168 | 73.95 | 33.884 | 15.6 | 70.48 | 188.00 |
| Average pinch mass (g) | 168 | 4.34 | 2.194 | 0.6 | 3.91 | 14.70 |
| Total number of use occasions/day | 168 | 6.50 | 2.240 | 2.0 | 6.00 | 14.00 |
| Total duration of use (min/day) | 168 | 451.6 | 203.040 | 103.0 | 434.50 | 1108.00 |
| Total weight used (g/day) | 168 | 28.14 | 18.222 | 3.5 | 24.47 | 132.70 |
| Pouched MST | ||||||
| Average duration of use (min) | 61 | 69.07 | 32.493 | 21.0 | 61.00 | 172.30 |
| Average number of pouches per use | 61 | 2.23 | 0.966 | 1.0 | 2.00 | 7.20 |
| Total number of use occasions/day | 61 | 6.00 | 2.640 | 1.0 | 5.00 | 15.00 |
| Total duration use (min/day) | 61 | 395.84 | 186.93 | 21.0 | 400.00 | 809.00 |
| Total number used/day | 61 | 13.3 | 7.380 | 2.0 | 12.00 | 36.00 |
Table 3.
Summary statistics for biomarkers of exposure.
| Biomarker of exposure | MST product format | N | Mean | SD | Min | Median | Max | Geometric mean | 95% CI of Geomean |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicotine equivalents (mg/24 h) | Loose | 168 | 26.27 | 18.111 | 4.3 | 22.29 | 144.90 | 21.62 | 19.65–23.78 |
| Pouch | 61 | 20.40 | 11.807 | 3.5 | 17.19 | 52.60 | 17.46 | 15.08–20.23 | |
| NNN (ng/24 h) | Loose | 168 | 78.00 | 91.712 | 7.3 | 53.56 | 908.80 | 53.32 | 46.80–60.76 |
| Pouch | 61 | 61.99 | 43.714 | 1.9 | 44.17 | 183.93 | 46.44 | 37.62–57.33 |