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Determination of Hydrogen Cyanide in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke, CORESTA Collaborative Study and Recommended Method Cover

Determination of Hydrogen Cyanide in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke, CORESTA Collaborative Study and Recommended Method

By: Xingyu Liu,  Lisha Chen and  Rana Tayyarah  
Open Access
|May 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Example of a suitable trapping system 1.
Example of a suitable trapping system 1.

Figure 2.

Example of trapping system 2.
Example of trapping system 2.

Figure 3.

The manifold of the continuous flow analyzer for hydrogen cyanide determination.
The manifold of the continuous flow analyzer for hydrogen cyanide determination.

Figure 4.

Typical graph of hydrogen cyanide determination by CFA.
Typical graph of hydrogen cyanide determination by CFA.

Figure 5.

Z-scores for each lab under ISO non-intense and ISO intense smoking regimes.
Z-scores for each lab under ISO non-intense and ISO intense smoking regimes.

The results of outlier detection_

SampleMethodLab code a
OverallbPad+Pad
ISO non-intenseISO intenseISO non-intenseISO intense
CM9Cochran33, 128b8a
Grubbs
KR 1R6FCochran3, 8b38b8a
Grubbs
KR 2R5FCochran1212, 8a8b8a
Grubbs8b, 15
Sample 1Cochran112, 8a18a
Grubbs
Sample 2Cochran2, 128a28a
Grubbs
Sample 3Cochran12, 8b12, 78b7
Grubbs
Sample 4Cochran8b9, 8a8b9
Grubbs158b, 15

Repeatability (r) and Reproducibility (R) for hydrogen cyanide (μg/cig) under ISO non-intense smoking regime_

SampleMethodN of dataMeanrr(%) aRR(%) b
CM9Overall c21139.3412.338.8526.6919.15
P+P d16140.7411.187.9425.0117.77
P+Ie5134.8418.0413.3830.2422.42
KR 1R6FOverall1995.6711.4711.9916.9217.69
P+P1596.419.319.6515.9016.50
P+I593.9722.9724.4423.7425.27
KR 2R5FOverall1912.822.5619.984.1432.30
P+P1512.952.5519.673.9730.64
P+I413.813.2623.609.4568.40
Sample 1Overall2026.964.2915.937.9929.63
P+P1626.414.0415.287.0026.49
P+I429.115.1717.779.4532.45
Sample 2Overall1953.547.4613.9411.5421.56
P+P1652.987.9515.0011.5221.74
P+I459.827.2112.0620.9535.02
Sample 3Overall1983.508.7710.5019.8623.79
P+P1684.099.2010.9420.1323.94
P+I481.8318.4522.5523.6228.86
Sample 4Overall19103.5411.0110.6317.1816.59
P+P16103.9511.4010.9618.1717.47
P+I495.6313.3013.9134.7936.38

Mean total hydrogen cyanide (μg/cig) yields in mainstream smoke under ISO non-intense smoking regime_

SampleOverall aPad+PadPad+Imp
MeanStdev bRSD(%) cMeanStdevRSD(%)MeanStdevRSD(%)
CM9139.349.296.67140.748.666.15134.8410.107.49
KR 1R6F95.675.916.1896.415.525.7393.978.358.89
KR 2R5F12.821.4411.2712.951.3810.6613.813.0221.83
Sample 126.962.7810.3226.412.439.2129.113.0810.59
Sample 253.544.037.5352.984.027.5859.826.6811.17
Sample 383.506.908.2784.096.978.2981.838.009.78
Sample 4103.546.005.79103.956.326.0895.6311.1411.65

Mean total hydrogen cyanide (μg/cig) yields in mainstream smoke under ISO intense smoking regime_

SampleOverall aPad+PadPad+Imp
MeanStdev bRSD(%) cMeanStdevRSD(%)MeanStdevRSD(%)
CM9302.7017.955.93305.6316.435.38319.1240.2712.62
KR 1R6F394.9035.188.91399.0131.307.85402.6635.268.76
KR 2R5F377.0419.315.12371.4327.157.31362.7444.4612.26
Sample 1324.6628.288.71327.2926.608.13316.9335.3211.14
Sample 2337.9129.688.78338.6931.249.22334.6722.496.72
Sample 3265.7122.558.49269.2421.487.98259.3231.2912.07
Sample 4248.6811.754.73245.8916.086.54233.9923.5210.05

Participating laboratories and institutions_

Name of participants
BATB Regulatory Analysis Laboratory
Beijing Cigarette Factory Company, Ltd., Shanghai Tobacco Group
Beijing Tobacco Quality Supervision and Inspection Station
China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center
China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co., Ltd.
China Tobacco Chongqing Industrial Co., Ltd.
China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd.
China Tobacco Gansu tobacco Industrial Co., Ltd.
China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co., Ltd.
China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co., Ltd.
China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd.
China Tobacco Jiangxi Industrial Co., Ltd.
China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd.
China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co., Ltd.
Global Laboratory Services
KT&G Research Institute
MP C.I.T. Montepaz S.A.
Yunnan Tobacco Quality Supervision and Inspection Station

Study samples_

SampleDescriptionISO 3308 “tar” level (mg/cig)
KR 2R5FAmerican blend1
Sample 1American blend – charcoal filter3
Sample 2American blend – charcoal filter5
KR 1R6FAmerican blend8
Sample 3Virginia blend8
Sample 4Virginia blend11
CM9Virginia blend16

Repeatability (r) and Reproducibility (R) for hydrogen cyanide (μg/cig) under ISO intense smoking regime_

SampleMethodN of dataMeanrr(%) aRR(%) b
CM9Overall c20302.7027.539.0951.5317.02
P+P d16305.6326.268.5947.3015.48
P+Ie5319.1271.5022.41120.5937.79
KR 1R6FOverall20394.9044.4911.27101.1625.62
P+P15399.0137.429.3890.6022.71
P+I5402.6666.8916.61105.0626.09
KR 2R5FOverall16377.0427.667.3455.6914.77
P+P15371.4331.258.4178.6021.16
P+I4362.7478.4921.64135.6037.38
Sample 1Overall19324.6628.108.6681.5425.11
P+P16327.2927.718.4776.9423.51
P+I4316.9359.2718.70108.1734.13
Sample 2Overall20337.9135.9010.6385.3925.27
P+P16338.6936.1810.6890.3026.66
P+I4337.9361.1118.0877.5822.96
Sample 3Overall19265.7123.688.9165.0024.46
P+P16269.2423.888.8762.1223.07
P+I4259.3251.4319.8396.0037.02
Sample 4Overall17248.6821.978.8433.7113.56
P+P16245.8926.5510.8046.2618.81
P+I4233.9917.527.4974.3131.76
Language: English
Page range: 50 - 58
Submitted on: Sep 24, 2024
Accepted on: Feb 19, 2025
Published on: May 16, 2025
Published by: Institut für Tabakforschung GmbH
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2025 Xingyu Liu, Lisha Chen, Rana Tayyarah, published by Institut für Tabakforschung GmbH
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License.