Abstract
Bioethics is inherent to scientific work, and it takes on particular relevance in the Anthropocene, where the interaction between science, culture, and nature intensifies under conditions of global socio-environmental crisis. In this context, cultural diversity and the valuation of ancestral and local knowledge are fundamental dimensions for rethinking scientific and technological development from an ethical perspective. This review article analyses the coevolution between science and culture based on bioethics conceived as a reflective and integrative bridge, which is not limited to the formulation of normative principles, but rather guides the processes of deliberation and decision-making, reconfiguring scientific practices toward a more just, responsible, and contextualised scientific culture. From a perspective that moves from global bioethics to pluralistic and inclusive bioethics, the work examines the bioethical dilemmas inherent in scientific practice, understood as a situated, socially and politically engaged activity whose implications transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries. Similarly, it emphasises the importance of incorporating values of environmental responsibility, social justice, and planetary co-responsibility into the training of professionals in the natural sciences, as part of a transformation of worldviews that allows scientific knowledge to be aligned with the protection of biodiversity and sustainable development, from a bioethical reinterpretation in line with the challenges of the Anthropocene.