Table 1:
Cyber attacks on the analysed Balkan states and the implemented countermeasures
| State | Measures | Countermeasures | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Target | Damage | Attribution | Company | Intervention | ||
| To | By | ||||||
| Albania | July–September 2022 | The government's computer system | Gather, delete and leak private and classified information | Iran | Albanian Government, Microsoft, Google | Microsoft | Investigation, analysis, technical recovery, attribution, deploying security solutions |
| Analysis, attributions | |||||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | September 2022 | Ransomware targeting the Parliamentary Assembly | Crippled the parliament's operations | None | None | None | |
| November – December 2022 | DDoS | Originating from Brazil, the Netherlands, the United States, Russia, Germany, and China | None | None | |||
| Croatia | February 2022 | Phone provider A1 Hrvatska | Breach affecting about 10% of its customers | None | None | None | |
| March 2022 | The daily website Slobodna Dalmacija | Hack and replace old articles with pro-Russian propaganda | None | None | None | ||
| Kosovo | January, September 2022 | DDoS attacks against government IT systems | Ministers' Offices, the Kosovo Police, the e-Kosova Platform, some media outlets, and Kosova Telekom | None | None | None | |
| Montenegro | August 2022 | Ransomware targeting the government's digital infrastructure | Shutdown of all Government portals and services | Russia | Montenegrin Government, Trend Micro | Microsoft, Oracle | Procurement of security solutions |
| Trend Micro | Attribution | ||||||
| North Macedonia | February 2022 | Ministry of Education | Access to the Ministry's camera system and website | Powerful Greek Army | Claimed responsibility | None | None |
| August 2022 | St. Cyril and Methodius University (UKIM), Ministry of Education | UKIM's iKnow electronic support system | Greek Hacking Team Netwatchers | Claimed responsibility | None | None | |
| Romania | March 2022 | Rompetrol | Shut down of the websites and the Fill&Go service | Hive ransomware | Claimed responsibility | None | None |
| April 2022 | Government's websites, public institutions and private organisations | DDoS | Killnet | Claimed responsibility | None | None | |
| Serbia | June 2022 | Ransomware targeting the Geodetic Authority | Real estate market paralysed for weeks | None | None | None | |