Figure 1.
Eastern Partnership countries
Source: EUROSTAT, 2017
Figure 2.
European Neighbourhood policy instruments
Source: authors’ own elaboration
Figure 3.
Concept of the research
Source: authors’ own elaboration
Table 1.
Cross-border cooperation programmes dedicated to Ukraine. All amounts in million €
| Programme | Funding period | Funding period | Funding period | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007–2013 | 2014–2020 | 2021–2027 | ||||
| Budget | Support | Budget | Support | Budget | Support | |
| Poland – Belarus - Ukraine | 202.95 | 186.20 | 201.38 | 188.86 | - | - |
| Romania - Ukraine - Moldova | 139.39 | 126.72 | - | - | - | - |
| Hungary - Slovakia - Romania - Ukraine | 75.50 | 68.64 | 81.34 | 73.95 | 94.00 | 83.18 |
| Black Sea | 30.93 | 28.12 | 54.33 | 48.82 | 94.46 | 85.01 |
| Romania - Ukraine | - | - | 66.00 | 60.00 | 76.87 | 68.03 |
| Poland - Ukraine | - | - | - | - | 266.59 | 235.88 |
| In total | 448.77 | 409.68 | 403.05 | 371.63 | 531.92 | 472.1 |
[i] Source: authors’ own elaboration based on Keep.eu, 2024
Figure 4.
Budget of cross-border cooperation programmes dedicated to Ukraine, including the Polish-Ukrainian programmes (all amounts in million €)
Source: authors’ own elaboration based on Keep.eu, 2024
Table 2.
Regions supported by the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020
| No. | State | Regions | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Main regions | Adjacent regions | ||
| Poland |
|
| |
| Belarus |
|
| |
| Ukraine |
|
| |
Figure 5.
Area supported by the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020
Source: Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020, 2024
Table 3.
Objectives and priorities of the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020
| No. | Objective | Full name of the objective | Priorities of the objective |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heritage | Promotion of local culture and preservation of historical heritage |
| |
| Accessibility | Improving the accessibility of regions, the development of sustainable and climate-resilient transport and communication networks and systems |
| |
| Security | Common challenges in the area of safety and security |
| |
| Borders | Promotion of border management and border security, mobility and migration management |
|
Figure 6.
Project structure of the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020 due to the cooperation of partners from individual countries
Source: authors’ own elaboration based on the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020, 2024
Table 4.
Structure of Polish-Ukrainian projects in the framework of the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020 by type of projects
| No. | Type of project | Number | Budget [Euro] | Support of EIS [Euro] | Average budget [Euro] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| direct | 7 | 3,542,603 | 3,542,603 | 506,086.14 | |
| large infrastructural | 6 | 37,915,167 | 33,780,537 | 6,319,194.50 | |
| micro | 58 | 3,577,375 | 3,215,611 | 61,678.88 | |
| regular | 38 | 73,342,363 | 65,453,814 | 1,930,062.18 | |
| In total | 109 | 118,377,508 | 105,992,565 | - | |
Table 5.
Structure of Polish-Ukrainian projects of the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020 by priority of projects
| No. | Priority of the project | Number | Budget [Euro] | EIS [Euro] | Average budget [Euro] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Improving border management operations, customs and visa procedures | 4 | 7,614,313 | 6,852,881 | 1,903,578.35 | |
| Promotion and conservation of natural heritage | 70 | 29,530,245 | 26,586,615 | 421,860.64 | |
| Improvement and development of transport services and infrastructure | 13 | 39,844,067 | 35,241,085 | 3,064,928.23 | |
| Support for the development of health care and social services | 14 | 24,021,719 | 21,683,759 | 1,715 837.07 | |
| Addressing common security challenges | 6 | 13,424,134 | 12,079,498 | 2,237,355.67 | |
| Support for efficiency and border security | 2 | 3,943,030 | 3,548,727 | 1,971,515.00 | |
| In total | 109 | 118,377,508 | 105,992,565 | - | |
Figure 7.
Structure of the partners of the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020 by status
Source: authors’ own elaboration based on the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020, 2024
Figure 8.
Structure of the partners of the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020 by sector
Source: authors’ own elaboration based on the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020, 2024
Figure 9.
Structure of the partners of the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020 by level
Source: authors’ own elaboration based on the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020, 2024
Figure 10.
Number of entities participating in the cooperation located in provinces in Poland and regions in Ukraine
Source: authors’ own elaboration based on the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014–2020, 2024.