Table 1:
Statistical description of the main parameters in the database
| Variables | Mean | Standard deviation | Minimum | Maximum | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| d [mm] | 143.4 | 43.5 | 80.0 | 285.0 | 205.0 |
| [MPa] | 41.95 | 14.5 | 21.1 | 98.3 | 77.2 |
| ρf [%] | 0.93 | 0.54 | 0.15 | 3.76 | 3.6 |
| Ef [GPa] | 66.69 | 31.49 | 28.4 | 160.0 | 131.6 |
| Vtest [kN] | 443.83 | 303.47 | 79.0 | 1600.0 | 1521.0 |

Figure 1:
Frequency and normal distribution of the data

Figure 2:
Violin plot distributions of the test parameters

Figure 3:
Workflow diagram of the proposed machine learning model development

Figure 4:
Flowchart of XGBoost algorithm

Figure 5:
Flowchart of RF algorithm

Figure 6:
Global feature contribution analysis of the XGbooting model using SHAP values

Figure 7:
Heatmap visualization comparing the performance of punching shear prediction models based on the overall experimental database using R2, C.O.V., MAE, and RMSE
Table 2:
Performance evaluation metrics of the proposed machine learning (ML) models for the training and testing datasets
| Proposed Technique | Training | Testing | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R2 [-] | Avg. [-] | STD. [-] | C.O.V [%] | MAE [kN] | RMSE [kN] | R2 [-] | Avg. [-] | STD. [-] | C.O.V [%] | MAE [kN] | RMSE [kN] | |
| S.R | 0.802 | 1.019 | 0.289 | 0.281 | 93.237 | 130.04 | 0.812 | 1.033 | 0.269 | 0.261 | 103.15 | 146.16 |
| R.F | 0.976 | 0.989 | 0.089 | 0.090 | 31.448 | 46.164 | 0.890 | 1.021 | 0.222 | 0.217 | 68.459 | 103.90 |
| XGBoost | 0.978 | 0.996 | 0.070 | 0.070 | 21.234 | 45.262 | 0.915 | 1.066 | 0.221 | 0.207 | 63.549 | 87.931 |

Figure 8:
Box plot comparison of punching shear strength ratio for existing design equations and ML models

Figure 9:
Violin plot comparison of punching shear strength ratio for existing design equations and ML models



Figure 10:
Test versus predicted punching shear capacity of flat slab reinforced with FRP bars for all investigated models
Table A.1:
Details of Flat slab test data from literature
| No. | Source | Type | ID | Length(L1) | Width (L2) | Loading area | d | ρf | E | Vtest | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specif. | [mm] | [mm] | C1 [mm] | C2 [mm] | [mm] | MPa | [%] | [GPa] | [kN] | |||
| 1 | (Louka, 1999) | GFRP | 1 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 43 | 1 | 41.3 | 500 |
| 2 | GFRP | 2 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 43 | 1 | 41.3 | 1050 | |
| 3 | GFRP | 3 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 43 | 1 | 39.3 | 875 | |
| 4 | GFRP | 4 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 43 | 1 | 39.3 | 1090 | |
| 5 | GFRP | 5 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 43 | 1 | 39.3 | 1180 | |
| 6 | CFRP | C1 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 55 | 1 | 100 | 1000 | |
| 7 | CFRP | C2 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 55 | 1 | 100 | 1200 | |
| 8 | CFRP | C3 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 55 | 1 | 100 | 1328 | |
| 9 | CFRP | H2 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 45 | 1 | 160 | 1055 | |
| 10 | CFRP | H4 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 45 | 1 | 160 | 1096 | |
| 11 | CFRP | H4 | 3000 | 1800 | 575 | 225 | 175 | 45 | 1 | 160 | 1183 | |
| 12 | (Matthys & Taerwe, 2000) | CFRP | C1 | 1000 | 1000 | 150 | 150 | 96 | 36.7 | 0.27 | 91.8 | 181 |
| 13 | CFRP | C1’ | 1000 | 1000 | 230 | 230 | 96 | 37.3 | 0.27 | 91.8 | 189 | |
| 14 | CFRP | C2 | 1000 | 1000 | 150 | 150 | 95 | 35.7 | 1.05 | 95 | 255 | |
| 15 | CFRP | C2’ | 1000 | 1000 | 230 | 230 | 95 | 36.3 | 1.05 | 95 | 273 | |
| 16 | CFRP | C3 | 1000 | 1000 | 150 | 150 | 126 | 33.8 | 0.52 | 92 | 347 | |
| 17 | CFRP | C3’ | 1000 | 1000 | 230 | 230 | 126 | 34.3 | 0.52 | 92 | 343 | |
| 18 | CFRP | CS | 1000 | 1000 | 150 | 150 | 95 | 32.6 | 0.19 | 148 | 142 | |
| 19 | CFRP | CS’ | 1000 | 1000 | 230 | 230 | 95 | 33.2 | 0.19 | 148 | 150 | |
| 20 | C&G | H2 | 1000 | 1000 | 150 | 150 | 89 | 35.8 | 3.76 | 40.7 | 231 | |
| 21 | C&G | H2’ | 1000 | 1000 | 80 | 80 | 89 | 35.9 | 3.76 | 40.7 | 171 | |
| 22 | C&G | H3 | 1000 | 1000 | 150 | 150 | 122 | 32.1 | 1.22 | 44.8 | 237 | |
| 23 | C&G | H3’ | 1000 | 1000 | 80 | 80 | 122 | 32.1 | 1.22 | 44.8 | 217 | |
| 24 | (Rahman et al., 2000) | GFRP | 1 | 2000 | 2500 | 250 | 150 | 162 | 42 | 0.28 | 85 | 622 |
| 25 | GFRP | 2 | 2000 | 2500 | 250 | 150 | 162 | 42 | 0.28 | 85 | 698 | |
| 26 | GFRP | 3 | 2000 | 2500 | 250 | 150 | 162 | 42 | 0.28 | 85 | 575 | |
| 27 | GFRP | 4 | 2000 | 2500 | 250 | 150 | 162 | 42 | 0.28 | 85 | 534 | |
| 28 | GFRP | 5 | 2000 | 2500 | 250 | 150 | 162 | 42 | 0.28 | 85 | 584 | |
| 29 | (Hassan et al., 2000) | GFRP | 1 | 1800 | 3000 | 575 | 225 | 165 | 59 | 0.57 | 147 | 1000 |
| 30 | GFRP | 2 | 1800 | 3000 | 575 | 225 | 165 | 59 | 0.57 | 147 | 1200 | |
| 31 | GFRP | 3 | 1800 | 3000 | 575 | 225 | 165 | 59 | 0.57 | 147 | 1328 | |
| 32 | (El-Ghandour et al., 2003) | GFRP | SG1 | 2000 | 2000 | 200 | 200 | 142 | 32 | 0.18 | 45 | 170 |
| 33 | CFRP | SC1 | 2000 | 2000 | 200 | 200 | 142 | 32.8 | 0.15 | 110 | 229 | |
| 34 | GFRP | SG2 | 2000 | 2000 | 200 | 200 | 142 | 46.4 | 0.38 | 45 | 271 | |
| 35 | GFRP | SG3 | 2000 | 2000 | 200 | 200 | 142 | 30.4 | 0.38 | 45 | 237 | |
| 36 | CFRP | SC2 | 2000 | 2000 | 200 | 200 | 142 | 29.6 | 0.35 | 110 | 317 | |
| 37 | (Zaghloul et al., 2003) | GFRP | F1 | 1500 | 1500 | 200 | 200 | 82 | 37.4 | 1.1 | 46 | 165 |
| 38 | GFRP | F2 | 1500 | 1500 | 200 | 200 | 112 | 33 | 0.81 | 46 | 170 | |
| 39 | GFRP | F3 | 1500 | 1500 | 200 | 200 | 82 | 38.2 | 1.29 | 46 | 210 | |
| 40 | GFRP | F4 | 1500 | 1500 | 200 | 200 | 82 | 39.7 | 1.54 | 46 | 230 | |
| 41 | GFRP | F5 | 1500 | 1500 | 200 | 300 | 82 | 30.3 | 1.1 | 46 | 168 | |
| 42 | GFRP | F6 | 1500 | 1500 | 200 | 400 | 82 | 29.4 | 1.1 | 46 | 185 | |
| 43 | (Ospina et al., 2003) | GFRP | GFR-1 | 2150 | 2150 | 250 | 250 | 120 | 29.5 | 0.73 | 34 | 217 |
| 44 | GFRP | GFR-2 | 2150 | 2150 | 250 | 250 | 120 | 28.9 | 1.46 | 34 | 260 | |
| 45 | GFRP | NEF-1 | 2150 | 2150 | 250 | 250 | 120 | 37.5 | 0.87 | 28.4 | 206 | |
| 46 | (Hussein et al., 2004) | GFRP | G-S1 | 1830 | 1830 | 250 | 250 | 100 | 40 | 1.18 | 42 | 249 |
| 47 | GFRP | G-S2 | 1830 | 1830 | 250 | 250 | 100 | 35 | 1.05 | 42 | 218 | |
| 48 | GFRP | G-S3 | 1830 | 1830 | 250 | 250 | 100 | 29 | 1.67 | 42 | 240 | |
| 49 | GFRP | G-S4 | 1830 | 1830 | 250 | 250 | 100 | 26 | 0.95 | 42 | 210 | |
| 50 | (Jacobson et al., 2005) | GFRP | 1 | 2300 | 2000 | 635 | 250 | 161 | 38 | 0.98 | 33 | 537 |
| 51 | GFRP | 2 | 2300 | 2000 | 635 | 250 | 161 | 37 | 0.98 | 33 | 536 | |
| 52 | GFRP | 3 | 2300 | 2000 | 635 | 250 | 161 | 37 | 0.95 | 33 | 531 | |
| 53 | GFRP | 7 | 4300 | 2000 | 635 | 250 | 161 | 34 | 0.98 | 33 | 721 | |
| 54 | GFRP | 8 | 4300 | 2000 | 635 | 250 | 161 | 51 | 0.98 | 33 | 897 | |
| 55 | (El-Gamal et al., 2005a) | GFRP | G-S1 | 3000 | 2500 | 600 | 250 | 159 | 49.6 | 1 | 44.6 | 740 |
| 56 | GFRP | G-S2 | 3000 | 2500 | 600 | 250 | 159 | 44.3 | 1.99 | 38.5 | 712 | |
| 57 | GFRP | G-S3 | 3000 | 2500 | 600 | 250 | 156 | 49.2 | 1.21 | 46.5 | 732 | |
| 58 | CFRP | C-S1 | 3000 | 2500 | 600 | 250 | 165 | 49.6 | 0.35 | 122.5 | 674 | |
| 59 | CFRP | C-S2 | 3000 | 2500 | 600 | 250 | 165 | 44.3 | 0.69 | 122.5 | 799 | |
| 60 | (Zhang et al., 2005) | CFRP | CS1 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 100 | 31 | 0.41 | 120 | 251 |
| 61 | CFRP | CS2 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 100 | 33 | 0.54 | 120 | 293 | |
| 62 | CFRP | CS3 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 100 | 25.7 | 0.75 | 120 | 285 | |
| 63 | CFRP | CSHD1 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 100 | 35.9 | 0.54 | 120 | 325 | |
| 64 | CFRP | CSHD2 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 100 | 38.6 | 0.75 | 120 | 360 | |
| 65 | CFRP | CSHS1 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 150 | 85.6 | 0.36 | 120 | 399 | |
| 66 | CFRP | CHSHS2 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 150 | 98.3 | 0.5 | 120 | 446 | |
| 67 | (El-Tom, 2007) | GFRP | 1 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 110 | 66.8 | 1 | 41 | 282 |
| 68 | GFRP | 2 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 110 | 62 | 1.2 | 41 | 319 | |
| 69 | GFRP | 3 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 110 | 64 | 1.5 | 41 | 384 | |
| 70 | GFRP | 4 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 160 | 64 | 1.2 | 41 | 589 | |
| 71 | GFRP | 5 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 145 | 70.1 | 1.2 | 41 | 487 | |
| 72 | GFRP | 6 | 1900 | 1900 | 250 | 250 | 135 | 67.6 | 1.2 | 41 | 437 | |
| 73 | (Zaghloul, 2007) | CFRP | ZJEF1 | 1760 | 1760 | 250 | 250 | 120 | 25 | 1.37 | 100 | 188.3 |
| 74 | CFRP | ZJEF2 | 1760 | 1760 | 250 | 250 | 120 | 26.2 | 0.94 | 100 | 155.9 | |
| 75 | CFRP | ZJEF3 | 1760 | 1760 | 250 | 250 | 120 | 56.8 | 1.37 | 100 | 210.9 | |
| 76 | CFRP | ZJEF5 | 1760 | 1760 | 250 | 250 | 81 | 28.4 | 1.37 | 100 | 97.1 | |
| 77 | CFRP | ZJEF7 | 1760 | 1760 | 420 | 250 | 120 | 27.8 | 1.37 | 100 | 196.2 | |
| 78 | (El-Gamal et al., 2007) | GFRP | G-S4 | 3000 | 2500 | 600 | 250 | 175 | 44.1 | 1.2 | 44.5 | 707 |
| 79 | GFRP | G-S5 | 3000 | 2500 | 600 | 250 | 175 | 44.1 | 1.2 | 44.5 | 735 | |
| 80 | (Lee et al., 2009) | GFRP | GFU1 | 2300 | 2300 | 225 | 225 | 110 | 36.3 | 1.17 | 48.2 | 222 |
| 81 | GFRP | GFB2 | 2300 | 2300 | 225 | 225 | 110 | 36.3 | 2.14 | 48.2 | 246 | |
| 82 | GFRP | GFB3 | 2300 | 2300 | 225 | 225 | 110 | 36.3 | 3 | 48.2 | 248 | |
| 83 | GFRP | GFBF3 | 2300 | 2300 | 225 | 225 | 110 | 33.8 | 3 | 48.2 | 330 | |
| 84 | BFRP | S3 | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 135 | 33.5 | 0.29 | 100 | 145 | |
| 85 | BFRP | S4 | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 135 | 35.6 | 0.55 | 100 | 275 | |
| 86 | (Zhu et al., 2011) | BFRP | S5 | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 135 | 32.8 | 0.42 | 100 | 235 |
| 87 | BFRP | S6 | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 135 | 32.5 | 0.42 | 100 | 225 | |
| 88 | BFRP | S7 | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 135 | 22.6 | 0.42 | 100 | 170 | |
| 89 | BFRP | S8 | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 135 | 41.8 | 0.42 | 100 | 235 | |
| 90 | BFRP | S9 | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 135 | 40.6 | 0.42 | 100 | 200 | |
| 91 | (Bouguerra et al., 2011) | GFRP | G-200-N | 3000 | 2500 | 600 | 250 | 165 | 49.1 | 1.2 | 44.5 | 732 |
| 92 | GFRP | G-175-Na | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 143 | 35.2 | 1.2 | 41.6 | 484 | |
| 93 | GFRP | G-150-N | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 118 | 35.2 | 1.2 | 41.6 | 362 | |
| 94 | GFRP | G-175-H | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 143 | 64.8 | 1.2 | 41.6 | 704 | |
| 95 | GFRP | G-175-N-0.7 | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 143 | 53.1 | 0.7 | 41.6 | 549 | |
| 96 | GFRP | G-175-N-0.35 | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 143 | 53.1 | 0.35 | 41 | 506 | |
| 97 | CFRP | C-175-N | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 145 | 40.3 | 0.4 | 122 | 530 | |
| 98 | (Zhu et al., 2012) | GFRP | A | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 130 | 22.2 | 0.42 | 45.6 | 176 |
| 99 | GFRP | B-2 | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 130 | 32.5 | 0.42 | 45.6 | 209 | |
| 100 | GFRP | B-3 | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 130 | 32.4 | 0.55 | 45.6 | 245 | |
| 101 | GFRP | B-4 | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 130 | 32.8 | 0.29 | 45.6 | 167 | |
| 102 | GFRP | C | 1500 | 1500 | 150 | 150 | 130 | 44.4 | 0.42 | 45.6 | 252 | |
| 103 | (Nguyen-Minh & Rovňák, 2013) | GFRP | GSL-PUNC-0.4 | 2200 | 2200 | 200 | 200 | 129 | 39 | 0.48 | 48 | 180 |
| 104 | GFRP | GSL-PUNC-0.6 | 2200 | 2200 | 200 | 200 | 129 | 39 | 0.68 | 48 | 212 | |
| 105 | GFRP | GSL-PUNC-0.8 | 2200 | 2200 | 200 | 200 | 129 | 39 | 0.92 | 48 | 248 | |
| 106 | (Dulude et al., 2013) | GFRP | G (0.7) 30/20 | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 130 | 34.3 | 0.71 | 48.2 | 329 |
| 107 | GFRP | G (1.6) 30/20 | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 130 | 38.6 | 1.56 | 48.1 | 431 | |
| 108 | GFRP | G (0.7) 45/20 | 2500 | 2500 | 450 | 450 | 135 | 44.9 | 0.71 | 48.2 | 400 | |
| 109 | GFRP | G (1.6) 45/20 | 2500 | 2500 | 450 | 450 | 130 | 32.4 | 1.56 | 48.1 | 504 | |
| 110 | GFRP | G (0.3) 30/35 | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 285 | 34.3 | 0.34 | 48.2 | 825 | |
| 111 | GFRP | G (0.7) 30/35 | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 280 | 39.4 | 0.73 | 48.1 | 1071 | |
| 112 | GFRP | G (0.3) 45/35 | 2500 | 2500 | 450 | 450 | 285 | 48.6 | 0.34 | 48.2 | 911 | |
| 113 | GFRP | G (0.7) 45/35 | 2500 | 2500 | 450 | 450 | 280 | 29.6 | 0.73 | 48.1 | 1248 | |
| 114 | (Hassan et al., 2013a) | GFRP | G (1.6) 30/20-H | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 131 | 75.8 | 1.56 | 57.4 | 547 |
| 115 | GFRP | G (1.2) 30/20 | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 131 | 37.5 | 1.21 | 64.9 | 438 | |
| 116 | GFRP | G (1.6) 30/35 | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 275 | 38.2 | 1.61 | 56.7 | 1492 | |
| 117 | GFRP | G (1.6) 30/35-H | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 275 | 75.8 | 1.61 | 56.7 | 1600 | |
| 118 | (Hassan et al., 2013b) | GFRP | G (0.7) 30/20-B | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 134 | 39 | 0.71 | 48.2 | 386 |
| 119 | GFRP | G (1.6) 30/20-B | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 131 | 32 | 1.56 | 48.1 | 451 | |
| 120 | GFRP | G (1.6) 45/20-B | 2500 | 2500 | 450 | 450 | 131 | 39 | 1.56 | 48.1 | 511 | |
| 121 | GFRP | G (0.3) 30/35-B | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 284 | 39 | 0.34 | 48.2 | 782 | |
| 122 | GFRP | G (0.7) 30/35-B-1 | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 281 | 30 | 0.73 | 48.1 | 1027 | |
| 123 | GFRP | G (0.7) 30/35-B-2 | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 281 | 47 | 0.73 | 48.1 | 1195 | |
| 124 | GFRP | G (0.3) 45/35-B | 2500 | 2500 | 450 | 450 | 284 | 32 | 0.34 | 48.2 | 1020 | |
| 125 | (El-Gendy & El-Salakawy, 2015) | GFRP | GSC-0.9-XX-0.4 | 2800 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 41 | 0.9 | 60.5 | 251 |
| 126 | GFRP | GSC-1.35-XX-0.4 | 2800 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 41 | 1.35 | 60.5 | 268 | |
| 127 | GFRP | GSC-1.8-XX-0.4 | 2800 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 41 | 1.7 | 60.5 | 277 | |
| 128 | GFRP | GSC-0.9-XX-0.2 | 2800 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 41 | 0.85 | 60.5 | 239 | |
| 129 | GFRP | GSC-0.9-XX-0.3 | 2800 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 41 | 0.9 | 60.5 | 159 | |
| 130 | GFRP | GRD-0.9-XX-0.4 | 2800 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 41 | 0.9 | 59.9 | 191 | |
| 131 | (Tharmarajah et al., 2015) | GFRP | G-0.6%-12-125 T&B | 1425 | 500 | 500 | 25 | 119 | 68.1 | 0.6 | 67.4 | 344 |
| 132 | GFRP | G-0.6%-16-300 T&B | 1425 | 500 | 500 | 25 | 117 | 65.7 | 0.6 | 67.4 | 365 | |
| 133 | GFRP | B-0.6%-12-125 T&B | 1425 | 500 | 500 | 25 | 119 | 69.3 | 0.6 | 54 | 300 | |
| 134 | GFRP | B-0.6%-16-300 T&B | 1425 | 500 | 500 | 25 | 117 | 66.1 | 0.6 | 54 | 295 | |
| 135 | (Mostafa, 2016) | GFRP | GSC-0.9-XX-0.4 | 2600 | 1450 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 81 | 0.87 | 60.5 | 251 |
| 136 | GFRP | GSC-1.35-XX-0.5 | 2600 | 1450 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 85 | 1.28 | 60.5 | 272 | |
| 137 | GFRP | GSC-1.8-XX-0.4 | 2600 | 1450 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 80 | 1.7 | 60.5 | 288 | |
| 138 | (Elgabbas et al., 2016) | BFRP | S2-B | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 160 | 48.8 | 0.8 | 69.3 | 548 |
| 139 | BFRP | S3-B | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 160 | 42.2 | 0.79 | 69.3 | 665 | |
| 140 | BFRP | S4-B | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 160 | 42.2 | 0.8 | 69.3 | 566 | |
| 141 | BFRP | S5-B | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 160 | 47.9 | 1.2 | 69.3 | 716 | |
| 142 | BFRP | S6-B | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 160 | 47.9 | 0.4 | 69.3 | 576 | |
| 143 | BFRP | S7-B | 3000 | 2000 | 600 | 250 | 160 | 47.9 | 0.4 | 69.3 | 436 | |
| 144 | (Gouda & El-Salakawy, 2016a) | GFRP | GN-0.65 | 2600 | 2600 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 42 | 0.65 | 69.3 | 363 |
| 145 | GFRP | GN-0.98 | 2600 | 2600 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 38 | 0.98 | 68 | 378 | |
| 146 | GFRP | GN-1.30 | 2600 | 2600 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 39 | 1.3 | 68 | 425 | |
| 147 | GFRP | GH-0.65 | 2600 | 2600 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 70 | 0.65 | 68 | 380 | |
| 148 | (Gouda & El-Salakawy, 2016b) | GFRP | G-00-XX | 2600 | 2600 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 38 | 0.65 | 68 | 421 |
| 149 | GFRP | G-30-XX | 2600 | 2600 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 42 | 0.65 | 68 | 296 | |
| 150 | GFRP | R-15-XX | 2600 | 2600 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 40 | 0.65 | 63.1 | 320 | |
| 151 | (Oskouei et al., 2017) | GFRP | NW59 | 800 | 800 | 250 | 250 | 176 | 59 | 0.7 | 43 | 719 |
| 152 | (Ju et al., 2018) | GFS1 | GFRP | 3000 | 2400 | 300 | 500 | 171 | 36.7 | 1.57 | 46.7 | 410 |
| 153 | GFS2 | GFRP | 3000 | 2400 | 300 | 500 | 171 | 36.7 | 1.2 | 46.7 | 360 | |
| 154 | GFS3 | GFRP | 3000 | 2400 | 300 | 500 | 171 | 36.7 | 0.79 | 46.7 | 370 | |
| 155 | Al Ajami, 2018 | GFRP | G150(200)47 | 1700 | 1700 | 200 | 200 | 94 | 47 | 0.96 | 52.5 | 199 |
| 156 | GFRP | G250(160)52 | 1700 | 1700 | 200 | 200 | 191 | 52 | 0.93 | 52.5 | 617.2 | |
| 157 | GFRP | G250(100)53 | 1700 | 1700 | 200 | 200 | 191 | 53 | 1.01 | 52.5 | 479.3 | |
| 158 | GFRP | G150(200)35 | 1700 | 1700 | 200 | 200 | 94 | 35 | 0.96 | 52.5 | 167.8 | |
| 159 | GFRP | G250(160)37 | 1700 | 1700 | 200 | 200 | 191 | 37 | 0.93 | 52.5 | 520 | |
| 160 | (Hussein & El-Salakawy, 2018) | GFRP | H-1.0-XX | 2800 | 2800 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 80 | 0.98 | 65 | 461 |
| 161 | GFRP | H-1.5-XX | 2800 | 2800 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 84 | 1.46 | 65 | 541 | |
| 162 | GFRP | H-2.0-XX | 2800 | 2800 | 300 | 300 | 160 | 87 | 1.93 | 65 | 604 | |
| 163 | (Hemzah et al., 2019) | CFRP | C-F-S-10-4 | 600 | 600 | 100 | 100 | 80 | 51 | 0.3 | 144 | 103 |
| 164 | CFRP | C-F-S-10-6 | 600 | 600 | 100 | 100 | 80 | 52 | 0.45 | 144 | 127 | |
| 165 | CFRP | S-F-D-10-4 | 600 | 600 | 100 | 100 | 80 | 46 | 0.6 | 144 | 112 | |
| 166 | CFRP | S-F-S-10-4 | 600 | 600 | 100 | 100 | 80 | 52 | 0.3 | 144 | 79 | |
| 167 | CFRP | S-F-S-10-6 | 600 | 600 | 100 | 100 | 80 | 48 | 0.45 | 144 | 107 | |
| 168 | (Huang et al., 2020) | CFRP | F1 | 1600 | 1600 | 200 | 200 | 125 | 25 | 0.89 | 123 | 262 |
| 169 | (Gu, 2020) | A30-1 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 88 | 27.4 | 1.28 | 51.1 | 191 |
| 170 | A30-2 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 108 | 27.3 | 1.05 | 51.1 | 289 | |
| 171 | A30-3 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 138 | 26.2 | 0.82 | 51.1 | 413 | |
| 172 | A30-4 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 350 | 350 | 86 | 26.8 | 1.31 | 51.1 | 209 | |
| 173 | A40-1 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 350 | 350 | 88 | 28.2 | 1.28 | 51.1 | 232 | |
| 174 | A40-2 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 350 | 350 | 88 | 26.4 | 0.89 | 51.1 | 221 | |
| 175 | A40-3 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 88 | 28.6 | 1.28 | 51.1 | 236 | |
| 176 | A50-1 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 88 | 29.2 | 1.28 | 51.1 | 253 | |
| 177 | A50-2 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 300 | 300 | 90 | 32.2 | 0.87 | 54.1 | 237 | |
| 178 | A50-3 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 350 | 350 | 88 | 26.7 | 1.28 | 51.1 | 280 | |
| 179 | (Eladawy et al., 2020) | G4(1.06)-H | GFRP | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 151 | 92 | 1.06 | 62.6 | 134 |
| 180 | (Salihi & Hamad, 2023) | B16(0.88) | Basalt | 2000 | 2000 | 250 | 250 | 134 | 29.8 | 0.88 | 48.3 | 295.5 |
| 181 | B16(1.77) | Basalt | 2000 | 2000 | 250 | 250 | 134 | 29.8 | 1.77 | 48.3 | 405.2 | |
| 182 | B12(0.88) | Basalt | 2000 | 2000 | 250 | 250 | 138 | 29.8 | 0.88 | 48 | 290.1 | |
| 183 | B12(0.88)-C35 | Basalt | 2000 | 2000 | 250 | 250 | 138 | 34.6 | 0.88 | 48 | 295.8 | |
| 184 | B12(0.88)-C25 | Basalt | 2000 | 2000 | 250 | 250 | 138 | 21.1 | 0.88 | 48 | 238.1 | |
| 185 | (Alkhattabi et al., 2024) | G-0.20-0.70 | GFRP | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 144 | 34.3 | 0.7 | 48.1 | 329 |
| 186 | G-0.20-1.60 | GFRP | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 144 | 38.6 | 1.6 | 48.1 | 431 | |
| 187 | G-0.35-0.30 | GFRP | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 244 | 34.3 | 0.3 | 48.1 | 825 | |
| 188 | G-0.35-0.70 | GFRP | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 300 | 244 | 39.4 | 0.7 | 48.1 | 1071 | |
| 189 | (Elnady et al., 2024) | 6-G-S1 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 250 | 600 | 117 | 38 | 0.83 | 63.7 | 365.6 |
| 190 | 9-G-S1 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 250 | 600 | 117 | 44.9 | 1.25 | 63.7 | 391.6 | |
| 191 | 12-G-S1 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 250 | 600 | 117 | 41.4 | 1.67 | 63.7 | 431.6 | |
| 192 | 6-G-S2 | GFRP | 1500 | 1500 | 250 | 600 | 117 | 43.1 | 0.83 | 63.7 | 477.1 | |
| 193 | (Khdir & Yaseen, 2024) | BR1.5E0 | Basalt | 2000 | 1200 | 250 | 250 | 118 | 30.9 | 0.44 | 51.6 | 137.2 |
| 194 | BR2.5E0 | Basalt | 2000 | 1200 | 250 | 250 | 118 | 30.9 | 0.733 | 51.6 | 158.8 | |
| 195 | BR3.5E0 | Basalt | 2000 | 1200 | 250 | 250 | 114 | 30.9 | 1.026 | 51.6 | 172.3 | |
| 196 | (Dinh et al., 2025) | GFRP | F-S80 | 2000 | 2000 | 300 | 300 | 162 | 25.2 | 0.98 | 50 | 443.2 |
| 197 | GFRP | F-S120 | 2000 | 2000 | 300 | 300 | 162 | 32.6 | 0.65 | 50 | 429 | |
| 198 | GFRP | F-S150 | 2000 | 2000 | 300 | 300 | 162 | 32.6 | 0.52 | 50 | 328.4 | |
| 199 | GFRP | F-S120-B16 | 2000 | 2000 | 300 | 300 | 159 | 24.1 | 1.04 | 50 | 415.2 | |
| 200 | GFRP | F-S80-L2 | 2000 | 2000 | 300 | 300 | 162 | 24.1 | 0.72 | 50 | 393.9 | |
| 201 | GFRP | F-S120-C20 | 2000 | 2000 | 200 | 200 | 162 | 25.2 | 0.65 | 50 | 334.7 | |
| 202 | GFRP | F-S120-C45 | 2000 | 2000 | 450 | 450 | 162 | 24.1 | 0.65 | 50 | 504.3 | |
| 203 | GFRP | F-S120-A2.0 | 2000 | 2000 | 300 | 150 | 162 | 25.2 | 0.65 | 50 | 350 | |
| 204 | GFRP | F-S120-A1.5 | 2000 | 2000 | 450 | 300 | 162 | 24.1 | 0.65 | 50 | 438.8 | |
Table A.2:
Experimental punching shear capacities and corresponding Vtest/Vpred ratios for the empirical equations and machine learning models
| No. | Vtest [kN] | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 500.0 | 1.00 | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.83 | 0.77 | 0.73 | 0.95 | 1.44 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 1.04 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.70 |
| 2 | 1050.0 | 2.09 | 1.71 | 1.67 | 1.74 | 1.62 | 1.53 | 1.99 | 3.01 | 1.88 | 2.00 | 2.17 | 1.35 | 1.30 | 1.46 |
| 3 | 875.0 | 1.77 | 1.46 | 1.42 | 1.45 | 1.38 | 1.30 | 1.68 | 2.51 | 1.59 | 1.70 | 1.84 | 0.84 | 0.85 | 1.24 |
| 4 | 1090.0 | 2.21 | 1.82 | 1.76 | 1.80 | 1.71 | 1.62 | 2.10 | 3.13 | 1.98 | 2.11 | 2.29 | 1.04 | 1.05 | 1.54 |
| 5 | 1180.0 | 2.39 | 1.97 | 1.91 | 1.95 | 1.85 | 1.75 | 2.27 | 3.39 | 2.15 | 2.29 | 2.48 | 1.13 | 1.14 | 1.67 |
| 6 | 1000.0 | 1.37 | 0.96 | 1.09 | 1.52 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.30 | 1.90 | 1.33 | 1.31 | 1.42 | 0.85 | 0.86 | 0.98 |
| 7 | 1200.0 | 1.64 | 1.16 | 1.31 | 1.83 | 1.22 | 1.25 | 1.56 | 2.28 | 1.60 | 1.57 | 1.70 | 1.02 | 1.03 | 1.17 |
| 8 | 1328.0 | 1.82 | 1.28 | 1.45 | 2.02 | 1.35 | 1.39 | 1.72 | 2.52 | 1.77 | 1.74 | 1.89 | 1.13 | 1.14 | 1.30 |
| 9 | 1055.0 | 1.32 | 0.86 | 1.05 | 1.72 | 1.02 | 0.97 | 1.25 | 1.73 | 1.20 | 1.26 | 1.37 | 0.99 | 1.05 | 0.93 |
| 10 | 1096.0 | 1.37 | 0.89 | 1.09 | 1.79 | 1.05 | 1.01 | 1.30 | 1.80 | 1.25 | 1.31 | 1.42 | 1.03 | 1.09 | 0.96 |
| 11 | 1183.0 | 1.48 | 0.96 | 1.18 | 1.93 | 1.14 | 1.09 | 1.40 | 1.94 | 1.35 | 1.42 | 1.54 | 1.11 | 1.17 | 1.04 |
| 12 | 181.0 | 1.56 | 1.29 | 1.24 | 1.68 | 1.44 | 1.13 | 1.67 | 2.57 | 1.65 | 1.76 | 1.46 | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.41 |
| 13 | 189.0 | 1.38 | 1.15 | 1.10 | 1.50 | 1.28 | 0.90 | 1.51 | 2.04 | 1.41 | 1.40 | 1.30 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.26 |
| 14 | 255.0 | 1.41 | 1.17 | 1.13 | 1.55 | 1.31 | 0.95 | 1.52 | 2.54 | 1.49 | 1.60 | 1.32 | 1.02 | 1.09 | 1.44 |
| 15 | 273.0 | 1.29 | 1.06 | 1.02 | 1.41 | 1.19 | 0.77 | 1.41 | 2.07 | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.21 | 1.11 | 1.25 | 1.31 |
| 16 | 347.0 | 1.65 | 1.28 | 1.32 | 1.79 | 1.45 | 1.15 | 1.65 | 3.23 | 1.69 | 1.88 | 1.60 | 1.11 | 1.16 | 1.47 |
| 17 | 343.0 | 1.43 | 1.11 | 1.14 | 1.55 | 1.25 | 0.89 | 1.44 | 2.50 | 1.40 | 1.45 | 1.37 | 1.40 | 1.36 | 1.27 |
| 18 | 142.0 | 1.24 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 1.57 | 1.17 | 0.90 | 1.33 | 2.18 | 1.33 | 1.40 | 1.16 | 0.98 | 0.90 | 1.08 |
| 19 | 150.0 | 1.11 | 0.85 | 0.88 | 1.41 | 1.05 | 0.72 | 1.22 | 1.74 | 1.14 | 1.12 | 1.04 | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.97 |
| 20 | 231.0 | 1.22 | 1.18 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 1.15 | 0.76 | 1.33 | 2.10 | 1.30 | 1.37 | 1.13 | 1.02 | 1.06 | 1.40 |
| 21 | 171.0 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 0.85 | 0.88 | 1.01 | 0.78 | 1.16 | 2.16 | 1.20 | 1.41 | 1.01 | 0.92 | 1.02 | 1.22 |
| 22 | 237.0 | 1.15 | 1.02 | 0.92 | 0.98 | 1.03 | 0.76 | 1.16 | 2.21 | 1.19 | 1.31 | 1.11 | 1.02 | 0.99 | 1.11 |
| 23 | 217.0 | 1.21 | 1.06 | 0.96 | 1.03 | 1.07 | 0.91 | 1.22 | 2.68 | 1.30 | 1.58 | 1.28 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 1.16 |
| 24 | 622.0 | 2.15 | 1.58 | 1.71 | 2.26 | 1.70 | 2.02 | 2.02 | 3.10 | 2.07 | 2.20 | 2.19 | 1.09 | 1.08 | 1.53 |
| 25 | 698.0 | 2.41 | 1.78 | 1.92 | 2.54 | 1.91 | 2.27 | 2.26 | 3.48 | 2.32 | 2.47 | 2.45 | 1.22 | 1.21 | 1.71 |
| 26 | 575.0 | 1.99 | 1.46 | 1.58 | 2.09 | 1.57 | 1.87 | 1.86 | 2.87 | 1.91 | 2.03 | 2.02 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.41 |
| 27 | 534.0 | 1.84 | 1.36 | 1.47 | 1.94 | 1.46 | 1.73 | 1.73 | 2.66 | 1.78 | 1.89 | 1.88 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 1.31 |
| 28 | 584.0 | 2.02 | 1.49 | 1.61 | 2.13 | 1.60 | 1.90 | 1.89 | 2.91 | 1.94 | 2.06 | 2.05 | 1.02 | 1.02 | 1.43 |
| 29 | 1000.0 | 1.53 | 1.03 | 1.22 | 1.94 | 1.14 | 1.22 | 1.48 | 2.54 | 1.54 | 1.46 | 1.59 | 0.85 | 0.87 | 1.06 |
| 30 | 1200.0 | 1.84 | 1.23 | 1.47 | 2.33 | 1.37 | 1.46 | 1.78 | 3.05 | 1.85 | 1.76 | 1.91 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.28 |
| 31 | 1328.0 | 2.03 | 1.36 | 1.62 | 2.58 | 1.52 | 1.62 | 1.97 | 3.37 | 2.05 | 1.94 | 2.11 | 1.13 | 1.15 | 1.41 |
| 32 | 170.0 | 1.11 | 0.94 | 0.89 | 0.95 | 0.96 | 1.02 | 1.08 | 1.17 | 1.06 | 1.14 | 1.12 | 0.98 | 0.86 | 0.88 |
| 33 | 229.0 | 1.17 | 0.86 | 0.94 | 1.35 | 1.00 | 1.10 | 1.14 | 1.56 | 1.11 | 1.20 | 1.18 | 1.05 | 0.98 | 0.91 |
| 34 | 271.0 | 1.22 | 1.03 | 0.97 | 1.04 | 0.99 | 1.15 | 1.19 | 1.55 | 1.24 | 1.25 | 1.23 | 0.93 | 0.89 | 1.06 |
| 35 | 237.0 | 1.23 | 1.04 | 0.98 | 1.05 | 1.07 | 1.08 | 1.20 | 1.68 | 1.18 | 1.26 | 1.24 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 1.03 |
| 36 | 317.0 | 1.27 | 0.92 | 1.01 | 1.46 | 1.10 | 1.11 | 1.23 | 2.27 | 1.22 | 1.30 | 1.28 | 1.03 | 1.11 | 1.05 |
| 37 | 165.0 | 1.18 | 1.14 | 0.94 | 1.01 | 1.13 | 1.00 | 1.36 | 2.06 | 1.21 | 1.20 | 1.16 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 1.25 |
| 38 | 170.0 | 0.92 | 0.83 | 0.74 | 0.80 | 0.84 | 0.78 | 0.96 | 1.60 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.88 |
| 39 | 210.0 | 1.41 | 1.37 | 1.13 | 1.22 | 1.35 | 1.19 | 1.63 | 2.42 | 1.47 | 1.43 | 1.38 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 1.53 |
| 40 | 230.0 | 1.44 | 1.39 | 1.15 | 1.24 | 1.37 | 1.21 | 1.66 | 2.43 | 1.51 | 1.46 | 1.41 | 1.04 | 1.05 | 1.58 |
| 41 | 168.0 | 1.16 | 1.12 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 1.15 | 0.89 | 1.37 | 1.88 | 1.19 | 1.11 | 1.16 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 1.34 |
| 42 | 185.0 | 1.17 | 1.13 | 0.93 | 1.01 | 1.17 | 0.86 | 1.42 | 1.82 | 1.18 | 1.07 | 1.20 | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.45 |
| 43 | 217.0 | 1.17 | 1.08 | 0.93 | 0.91 | 1.06 | 0.92 | 1.21 | 1.70 | 1.14 | 1.12 | 1.17 | 1.05 | 1.06 | 1.07 |
| 44 | 260.0 | 1.12 | 1.04 | 0.89 | 0.87 | 1.02 | 0.85 | 1.16 | 1.83 | 1.09 | 1.08 | 1.12 | 1.01 | 1.10 | 1.09 |
| 45 | 206.0 | 1.03 | 0.98 | 0.82 | 0.75 | 0.90 | 0.83 | 1.06 | 1.44 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 1.01 | 0.97 |
| 46 | 249.0 | 1.23 | 1.15 | 0.98 | 1.02 | 1.11 | 0.99 | 1.35 | 2.03 | 1.22 | 1.17 | 1.22 | 1.04 | 0.89 | 1.25 |
| 47 | 218.0 | 1.17 | 1.09 | 0.93 | 0.97 | 1.08 | 0.92 | 1.28 | 1.95 | 1.13 | 1.12 | 1.16 | 0.96 | 0.90 | 1.17 |
| 48 | 240.0 | 1.17 | 1.09 | 0.93 | 0.98 | 1.11 | 0.88 | 1.29 | 1.83 | 1.17 | 1.12 | 1.17 | 0.93 | 0.95 | 1.20 |
| 49 | 210.0 | 1.28 | 1.20 | 1.02 | 1.07 | 1.24 | 0.97 | 1.41 | 2.13 | 1.31 | 1.23 | 1.28 | 0.94 | 0.91 | 1.24 |
| 50 | 537.0 | 1.29 | 1.11 | 1.03 | 0.99 | 1.04 | 0.90 | 1.27 | 1.70 | 1.11 | 1.20 | 1.35 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.91 |
| 51 | 536.0 | 1.30 | 1.12 | 1.04 | 1.00 | 1.05 | 0.90 | 1.28 | 1.72 | 1.11 | 1.21 | 1.36 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.91 |
| 52 | 531.0 | 1.30 | 1.12 | 1.04 | 1.00 | 1.05 | 0.91 | 1.28 | 1.70 | 1.11 | 1.21 | 1.36 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.91 |
| 53 | 721.0 | 1.80 | 1.55 | 1.43 | 1.38 | 1.48 | 1.23 | 1.77 | 2.41 | 1.54 | 1.67 | 1.88 | 1.33 | 1.38 | 1.26 |
| 54 | 897.0 | 1.95 | 1.69 | 1.56 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.43 | 1.92 | 2.45 | 1.86 | 1.81 | 2.04 | 1.01 | 1.10 | 1.41 |
| 55 | 740.0 | 1.51 | 1.25 | 1.21 | 1.29 | 1.17 | 1.11 | 1.49 | 2.14 | 1.44 | 1.38 | 1.57 | 1.01 | 1.06 | 1.11 |
| 56 | 712.0 | 1.26 | 1.07 | 1.01 | 1.02 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 1.24 | 1.75 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 1.31 | 0.99 | 1.04 | 0.97 |
| 57 | 732.0 | 1.42 | 1.17 | 1.13 | 1.23 | 1.11 | 1.04 | 1.41 | 2.06 | 1.35 | 1.30 | 1.48 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.07 |
| 58 | 674.0 | 1.33 | 0.92 | 1.06 | 1.59 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.29 | 1.86 | 1.26 | 1.22 | 1.39 | 1.18 | 0.87 | 0.89 |
| 59 | 799.0 | 1.31 | 0.90 | 1.04 | 1.56 | 1.02 | 0.97 | 1.27 | 2.14 | 1.19 | 1.20 | 1.36 | 1.05 | 0.97 | 0.91 |
| 60 | 251.0 | 1.35 | 1.06 | 1.08 | 1.60 | 1.27 | 1.10 | 1.48 | 2.44 | 1.33 | 1.29 | 1.34 | 0.99 | 1.01 | 1.24 |
| 61 | 293.0 | 1.41 | 1.10 | 1.12 | 1.66 | 1.31 | 1.15 | 1.55 | 2.74 | 1.38 | 1.35 | 1.40 | 1.00 | 1.04 | 1.33 |
| 62 | 285.0 | 1.33 | 1.05 | 1.06 | 1.58 | 1.29 | 1.02 | 1.46 | 2.51 | 1.36 | 1.28 | 1.33 | 0.97 | 1.06 | 1.27 |
| 63 | 325.0 | 1.52 | 1.19 | 1.21 | 1.79 | 1.39 | 1.25 | 1.67 | 2.94 | 1.46 | 1.45 | 1.51 | 1.06 | 1.07 | 1.44 |
| 64 | 360.0 | 1.47 | 1.15 | 1.17 | 1.74 | 1.33 | 1.21 | 1.62 | 2.74 | 1.45 | 1.41 | 1.46 | 1.08 | 1.09 | 1.44 |
| 65 | 399.0 | 0.92 | 0.66 | 0.74 | 1.09 | 0.66 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 1.36 | 1.12 | 0.89 | 0.94 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.83 |
| 66 | 446.0 | 0.88 | 0.63 | 0.71 | 1.05 | 0.62 | 0.87 | 0.85 | 1.42 | 1.12 | 0.85 | 0.90 | 1.03 | 1.12 | 0.82 |
| 67 | 282.0 | 1.10 | 1.01 | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 0.97 | 1.17 | 1.65 | 1.29 | 1.06 | 1.10 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 1.13 |
| 68 | 319.0 | 1.20 | 1.10 | 0.96 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.04 | 1.28 | 1.94 | 1.37 | 1.15 | 1.20 | 1.07 | 1.06 | 1.25 |
| 69 | 384.0 | 1.33 | 1.22 | 1.06 | 1.10 | 1.08 | 1.14 | 1.41 | 2.21 | 1.53 | 1.27 | 1.33 | 1.04 | 1.13 | 1.41 |
| 70 | 589.0 | 1.32 | 1.10 | 1.05 | 1.09 | 0.98 | 1.15 | 1.25 | 2.13 | 1.43 | 1.27 | 1.34 | 1.02 | 1.12 | 1.25 |
| 71 | 487.0 | 1.21 | 1.04 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.91 | 1.07 | 1.18 | 1.92 | 1.38 | 1.17 | 1.22 | 1.00 | 1.05 | 1.18 |
| 72 | 437.0 | 1.21 | 1.06 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.93 | 1.07 | 1.21 | 1.94 | 1.38 | 1.17 | 1.22 | 0.99 | 1.08 | 1.21 |
| 73 | 188.3 | 0.61 | 0.47 | 0.48 | 0.68 | 0.57 | 0.45 | 0.63 | 0.89 | 0.61 | 0.58 | 0.61 | 1.01 | 0.94 | 0.58 |
| 74 | 155.9 | 0.56 | 0.43 | 0.45 | 0.63 | 0.52 | 0.43 | 0.58 | 0.85 | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.94 | 0.82 | 0.52 |
| 75 | 210.9 | 0.52 | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.58 | 0.42 | 0.44 | 0.54 | 0.78 | 0.57 | 0.50 | 0.52 | 0.91 | 0.82 | 0.53 |
| 76 | 97.1 | 0.50 | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.56 | 0.50 | 0.38 | 0.59 | 0.73 | 0.52 | 0.48 | 0.50 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.53 |
| 77 | 196.2 | 0.54 | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.60 | 0.49 | 0.37 | 0.57 | 0.73 | 0.51 | 0.48 | 0.55 | 0.62 | 0.69 | 0.45 |
| 78 | 707.0 | 1.25 | 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.06 | 0.96 | 0.89 | 1.19 | 1.81 | 1.12 | 1.14 | 1.30 | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.90 |
| 79 | 735.0 | 1.30 | 1.05 | 1.04 | 1.10 | 1.00 | 0.93 | 1.24 | 1.88 | 1.17 | 1.19 | 1.35 | 1.02 | 0.98 | 0.94 |
| 80 | 222.0 | 1.00 | 0.89 | 0.80 | 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.81 | 1.05 | 1.67 | 0.96 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.93 | 0.99 |
| 81 | 246.0 | 0.90 | 0.81 | 0.72 | 0.79 | 0.81 | 0.71 | 0.95 | 1.42 | 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.95 | 0.94 |
| 82 | 248.0 | 0.81 | 0.73 | 0.65 | 0.71 | 0.73 | 0.63 | 0.86 | 1.23 | 0.78 | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.93 | 0.96 | 0.87 |
| 83 | 330.0 | 1.11 | 0.99 | 0.88 | 0.97 | 1.01 | 0.85 | 1.17 | 1.68 | 1.08 | 1.09 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.09 | 1.18 |
| 84 | 145.0 | 0.72 | 0.54 | 0.57 | 0.80 | 0.62 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 1.23 | 0.70 | 0.79 | 0.72 | 0.89 | 0.83 | 0.60 |
| 85 | 275.0 | 1.08 | 0.81 | 0.86 | 1.20 | 0.92 | 1.02 | 1.06 | 2.01 | 1.04 | 1.18 | 1.08 | 1.11 | 1.07 | 0.95 |
| 86 | 235.0 | 1.03 | 0.78 | 0.82 | 1.15 | 0.89 | 0.98 | 1.01 | 1.99 | 1.02 | 1.14 | 1.04 | 1.01 | 1.03 | 0.89 |
| 87 | 225.0 | 0.99 | 0.74 | 0.79 | 1.10 | 0.86 | 0.94 | 0.97 | 1.91 | 0.98 | 1.09 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.85 |
| 88 | 170.0 | 0.85 | 0.64 | 0.68 | 0.94 | 0.78 | 0.75 | 0.83 | 1.59 | 0.88 | 0.93 | 0.85 | 0.94 | 0.89 | 0.70 |
| 89 | 235.0 | 0.95 | 0.72 | 0.76 | 1.06 | 0.79 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 1.79 | 0.97 | 1.05 | 0.96 | 1.07 | 1.03 | 0.83 |
| 90 | 200.0 | 0.82 | 0.61 | 0.65 | 0.91 | 0.68 | 0.81 | 0.80 | 1.55 | 0.82 | 0.90 | 0.82 | 0.93 | 0.92 | 0.71 |
| 91 | 732.0 | 1.35 | 1.10 | 1.07 | 1.15 | 1.04 | 0.98 | 1.31 | 1.96 | 1.27 | 1.23 | 1.40 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.00 |
| 92 | 484.0 | 1.22 | 1.05 | 0.97 | 1.02 | 1.03 | 0.84 | 1.25 | 1.76 | 1.06 | 1.12 | 1.27 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 0.91 |
| 93 | 362.0 | 1.16 | 1.04 | 0.92 | 0.96 | 1.02 | 0.80 | 1.28 | 1.67 | 1.04 | 1.06 | 1.21 | 0.73 | 0.99 | 0.90 |
| 94 | 704.0 | 1.45 | 1.24 | 1.16 | 1.20 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.49 | 2.04 | 1.53 | 1.33 | 1.51 | 1.01 | 1.11 | 1.14 |
| 95 | 549.0 | 1.45 | 1.24 | 1.15 | 1.20 | 1.14 | 1.10 | 1.48 | 1.76 | 1.43 | 1.32 | 1.51 | 1.05 | 1.02 | 1.07 |
| 96 | 506.0 | 1.69 | 1.45 | 1.35 | 1.40 | 1.33 | 1.33 | 1.73 | 1.62 | 1.66 | 1.54 | 1.76 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.17 |
| 97 | 530.0 | 1.27 | 0.90 | 1.01 | 1.51 | 1.04 | 0.95 | 1.29 | 1.84 | 1.14 | 1.16 | 1.32 | 1.01 | 1.11 | 0.87 |
| 98 | 176.0 | 1.21 | 1.05 | 0.97 | 1.04 | 1.13 | 1.08 | 1.20 | 1.94 | 1.28 | 1.33 | 1.21 | 0.98 | 0.95 | 1.01 |
| 99 | 209.0 | 1.27 | 1.09 | 1.01 | 1.09 | 1.11 | 1.20 | 1.26 | 1.91 | 1.25 | 1.39 | 1.27 | 0.96 | 0.99 | 1.09 |
| 100 | 245.0 | 1.36 | 1.17 | 1.08 | 1.16 | 1.19 | 1.27 | 1.35 | 2.24 | 1.34 | 1.50 | 1.36 | 1.04 | 1.11 | 1.20 |
| 101 | 167.0 | 1.14 | 0.99 | 0.91 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 1.11 | 1.13 | 1.52 | 1.13 | 1.26 | 1.14 | 0.96 | 0.89 | 0.96 |
| 102 | 252.0 | 1.38 | 1.19 | 1.10 | 1.18 | 1.14 | 1.37 | 1.36 | 1.97 | 1.44 | 1.51 | 1.38 | 1.08 | 1.07 | 1.22 |
| 103 | 180.0 | 0.89 | 0.77 | 0.71 | 0.78 | 0.76 | 0.80 | 0.89 | 1.29 | 0.87 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.79 |
| 104 | 212.0 | 0.94 | 0.80 | 0.75 | 0.82 | 0.80 | 0.82 | 0.94 | 1.52 | 0.91 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 1.02 | 1.02 | 0.86 |
| 105 | 248.0 | 0.99 | 0.85 | 0.79 | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.99 | 1.77 | 0.97 | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.02 | 1.03 | 0.93 |
| 106 | 329.0 | 1.26 | 1.08 | 1.01 | 1.10 | 1.09 | 0.97 | 1.29 | 1.90 | 1.16 | 1.16 | 1.28 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.14 |
| 107 | 431.0 | 1.22 | 1.05 | 0.98 | 1.07 | 1.04 | 0.92 | 1.25 | 1.85 | 1.14 | 1.12 | 1.24 | 1.05 | 1.04 | 1.20 |
| 108 | 400.0 | 1.10 | 0.93 | 0.88 | 0.96 | 0.90 | 0.80 | 1.16 | 1.43 | 1.03 | 0.91 | 1.16 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 1.01 |
| 109 | 504.0 | 1.25 | 1.07 | 0.99 | 1.09 | 1.09 | 0.82 | 1.34 | 1.68 | 1.11 | 1.03 | 1.31 | 1.02 | 1.06 | 1.20 |
| 110 | 825.0 | 1.34 | 0.94 | 1.07 | 1.17 | 0.96 | 1.09 | 1.09 | 1.66 | 1.20 | 1.24 | 1.44 | 0.97 | 0.86 | 0.94 |
| 111 | 1071.0 | 1.32 | 0.94 | 1.06 | 1.16 | 0.93 | 1.06 | 1.08 | 2.05 | 1.20 | 1.23 | 1.42 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.01 |
| 112 | 911.0 | 1.17 | 0.82 | 0.93 | 1.02 | 0.79 | 0.91 | 0.96 | 1.22 | 1.10 | 0.97 | 1.25 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.84 |
| 113 | 1248.0 | 1.50 | 1.06 | 1.20 | 1.31 | 1.10 | 1.03 | 1.24 | 2.19 | 1.32 | 1.25 | 1.60 | 1.00 | 1.08 | 1.11 |
| 114 | 547.0 | 1.16 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 1.07 | 0.88 | 0.98 | 1.18 | 2.11 | 1.35 | 1.06 | 1.17 | 1.48 | 1.30 | 1.20 |
| 115 | 438.0 | 1.22 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.18 | 1.04 | 0.93 | 1.25 | 1.84 | 1.13 | 1.12 | 1.24 | 1.00 | 1.04 | 1.17 |
| 116 | 1492.0 | 1.39 | 0.96 | 1.11 | 1.28 | 0.98 | 1.06 | 1.14 | 2.13 | 1.25 | 1.29 | 1.49 | 1.02 | 1.13 | 1.13 |
| 117 | 1600.0 | 1.19 | 0.82 | 0.95 | 1.10 | 0.75 | 1.01 | 0.98 | 2.23 | 1.34 | 1.10 | 1.27 | 1.11 | 1.29 | 1.02 |
| 118 | 386.0 | 1.36 | 1.16 | 1.09 | 1.19 | 1.15 | 1.08 | 1.38 | 2.01 | 1.27 | 1.25 | 1.38 | 1.03 | 1.00 | 1.24 |
| 119 | 451.0 | 1.35 | 1.15 | 1.08 | 1.18 | 1.18 | 0.99 | 1.38 | 2.02 | 1.25 | 1.24 | 1.37 | 1.29 | 1.25 | 1.30 |
| 120 | 511.0 | 1.18 | 1.01 | 0.94 | 1.03 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 1.26 | 1.60 | 1.06 | 0.97 | 1.24 | 1.04 | 1.08 | 1.15 |
| 121 | 782.0 | 1.23 | 0.86 | 0.98 | 1.07 | 0.86 | 1.02 | 1.00 | 1.48 | 1.11 | 1.13 | 1.31 | 0.98 | 0.88 | 0.87 |
| 122 | 1027.0 | 1.38 | 0.98 | 1.10 | 1.21 | 1.01 | 1.05 | 1.13 | 2.24 | 1.26 | 1.28 | 1.48 | 1.00 | 0.95 | 1.03 |
| 123 | 1195.0 | 1.39 | 0.98 | 1.11 | 1.21 | 0.94 | 1.14 | 1.13 | 2.08 | 1.34 | 1.28 | 1.48 | 1.00 | 1.07 | 1.07 |
| 124 | 1020.0 | 1.51 | 1.06 | 1.20 | 1.32 | 1.09 | 1.09 | 1.24 | 1.69 | 1.31 | 1.26 | 1.61 | 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.05 |
| 125 | 251.0 | 0.59 | 0.46 | 0.47 | 0.55 | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.56 | 0.93 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.60 | 1.21 | 1.20 | 0.52 |
| 126 | 268.0 | 0.55 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.44 | 0.42 | 0.53 | 0.83 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.56 | 1.02 | 0.99 | 0.51 |
| 127 | 277.0 | 0.53 | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.50 | 0.42 | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.77 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.54 | 1.01 | 0.99 | 0.49 |
| 128 | 239.0 | 0.57 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.54 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.55 | 0.91 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.58 | 0.93 | 1.05 | 0.51 |
| 129 | 159.0 | 0.37 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.36 | 0.59 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.38 | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.33 |
| 130 | 191.0 | 0.45 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.42 | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.43 | 0.71 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.46 | 0.93 | 0.95 | 0.40 |
| 131 | 344.0 | 1.18 | 0.98 | 0.94 | 1.15 | 0.93 | 1.07 | 1.23 | 1.74 | 1.37 | 2.04 | 1.19 | 1.00 | 1.04 | 0.54 |
| 132 | 365.0 | 1.30 | 1.08 | 1.04 | 1.27 | 1.04 | 1.17 | 1.36 | 1.92 | 1.49 | 2.24 | 1.30 | 1.09 | 1.15 | 0.60 |
| 133 | 300.0 | 1.10 | 0.95 | 0.88 | 1.00 | 0.87 | 1.00 | 1.15 | 1.50 | 1.28 | 1.90 | 1.11 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.51 |
| 134 | 295.0 | 1.13 | 0.97 | 0.90 | 1.02 | 0.90 | 1.01 | 1.18 | 1.55 | 1.29 | 1.94 | 1.13 | 1.07 | 0.97 | 0.52 |
| 135 | 251.0 | 0.47 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.45 | 0.34 | 0.42 | 0.45 | 0.72 | 0.55 | 0.44 | 0.48 | 1.00 | 0.81 | 0.45 |
| 136 | 272.0 | 0.45 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.42 | 0.32 | 0.39 | 0.43 | 0.76 | 0.52 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.95 | 0.76 | 0.43 |
| 137 | 288.0 | 0.44 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.41 | 0.31 | 0.37 | 0.42 | 0.80 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.98 | 0.83 | 0.43 |
| 138 | 548.0 | 1.04 | 0.79 | 0.83 | 1.02 | 0.81 | 0.77 | 1.02 | 1.51 | 0.98 | 0.95 | 1.08 | 0.98 | 0.94 | 0.75 |
| 139 | 665.0 | 1.33 | 1.02 | 1.06 | 1.31 | 1.06 | 0.97 | 1.31 | 1.91 | 1.19 | 1.22 | 1.38 | 1.05 | 1.07 | 0.94 |
| 140 | 566.0 | 1.13 | 0.86 | 0.90 | 1.11 | 0.90 | 0.82 | 1.11 | 1.62 | 1.01 | 1.03 | 1.17 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.80 |
| 141 | 716.0 | 1.19 | 0.91 | 0.95 | 1.18 | 0.93 | 0.87 | 1.17 | 1.65 | 1.12 | 1.09 | 1.24 | 1.01 | 1.05 | 0.89 |
| 142 | 576.0 | 1.38 | 1.06 | 1.10 | 1.36 | 1.08 | 1.07 | 1.36 | 1.68 | 1.30 | 1.27 | 1.44 | 1.13 | 1.09 | 0.94 |
| 143 | 436.0 | 1.05 | 0.80 | 0.84 | 1.03 | 0.82 | 0.81 | 1.03 | 1.28 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 1.09 | 0.85 | 0.83 | 0.71 |
| 144 | 363.0 | 0.90 | 0.69 | 0.72 | 0.89 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.86 | 1.44 | 0.84 | 0.83 | 0.92 | 1.03 | 1.13 | 0.78 |
| 145 | 378.0 | 0.85 | 0.65 | 0.68 | 0.83 | 0.69 | 0.66 | 0.81 | 1.30 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.87 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.76 |
| 146 | 425.0 | 0.86 | 0.66 | 0.69 | 0.84 | 0.69 | 0.66 | 0.82 | 1.28 | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.88 | 1.03 | 1.08 | 0.79 |
| 147 | 380.0 | 0.80 | 0.61 | 0.64 | 0.78 | 0.58 | 0.70 | 0.76 | 1.17 | 0.88 | 0.73 | 0.82 | 1.00 | 0.95 | 0.73 |
| 148 | 421.0 | 1.09 | 0.83 | 0.87 | 1.06 | 0.88 | 0.86 | 1.04 | 1.75 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 1.11 | 1.03 | 1.06 | 0.94 |
| 149 | 296.0 | 0.74 | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.72 | 0.59 | 0.59 | 0.71 | 1.18 | 0.69 | 0.68 | 0.75 | 0.88 | 0.93 | 0.64 |
| 150 | 320.0 | 0.83 | 0.65 | 0.66 | 0.79 | 0.67 | 0.66 | 0.80 | 1.30 | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.85 | 1.01 | 1.03 | 0.72 |
| 151 | 719.0 | 1.70 | 1.37 | 1.35 | 1.43 | 1.25 | 1.52 | 1.57 | 2.37 | 1.77 | 1.64 | 1.74 | 1.02 | 1.02 | 1.49 |
| 152 | 410.0 | 0.73 | 0.59 | 0.59 | 0.63 | 0.59 | 0.51 | 0.70 | 1.03 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.76 | 0.99 | 0.86 | 0.76 |
| 153 | 360.0 | 0.71 | 0.57 | 0.56 | 0.61 | 0.56 | 0.50 | 0.67 | 1.02 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.73 | 0.88 | 0.79 | 0.71 |
| 154 | 370.0 | 0.83 | 0.67 | 0.66 | 0.72 | 0.67 | 0.60 | 0.80 | 1.19 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.86 | 0.99 | 0.81 | 0.81 |
| 155 | 199.0 | 1.10 | 1.01 | 0.88 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 1.21 | 1.95 | 1.20 | 1.12 | 1.08 | 1.06 | 0.99 | 1.14 |
| 156 | 617.2 | 1.23 | 0.94 | 0.98 | 1.10 | 0.90 | 1.12 | 1.10 | 2.17 | 1.23 | 1.26 | 1.27 | 1.01 | 0.94 | 1.07 |
| 157 | 479.3 | 0.92 | 0.70 | 0.73 | 0.83 | 0.67 | 0.84 | 0.83 | 1.65 | 0.93 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.79 | 0.73 | 0.81 |
| 158 | 167.8 | 1.03 | 0.94 | 0.82 | 0.92 | 0.96 | 0.87 | 1.13 | 1.79 | 1.03 | 1.04 | 1.01 | 0.97 | 0.92 | 1.04 |
| 159 | 520.0 | 1.16 | 0.89 | 0.92 | 1.04 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 1.04 | 2.05 | 1.04 | 1.19 | 1.20 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.98 |
| 160 | 461.0 | 0.82 | 0.63 | 0.65 | 0.79 | 0.59 | 0.72 | 0.79 | 1.33 | 0.95 | 0.75 | 0.84 | 1.04 | 1.16 | 0.78 |
| 161 | 541.0 | 0.83 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.80 | 0.59 | 0.72 | 0.79 | 1.41 | 0.97 | 0.76 | 0.85 | 1.05 | 1.15 | 0.82 |
| 162 | 604.0 | 0.83 | 0.65 | 0.67 | 0.81 | 0.59 | 0.71 | 0.80 | 1.40 | 0.99 | 0.77 | 0.85 | 0.99 | 1.16 | 0.84 |
| 163 | 103.0 | 0.94 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 1.18 | 0.86 | 1.08 | 1.05 | 1.90 | 1.15 | 1.14 | 0.90 | 1.21 | 1.05 | 0.92 |
| 164 | 127.0 | 1.00 | 0.81 | 0.80 | 1.26 | 0.91 | 1.13 | 1.12 | 2.08 | 1.24 | 1.22 | 0.96 | 1.11 | 1.07 | 1.02 |
| 165 | 112.0 | 0.84 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 1.05 | 0.78 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 1.67 | 0.99 | 1.02 | 0.80 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.87 |
| 166 | 79.0 | 0.71 | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.90 | 0.65 | 0.82 | 0.80 | 1.44 | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.69 | 0.93 | 0.81 | 0.70 |
| 167 | 107.0 | 0.87 | 0.70 | 0.69 | 1.09 | 0.80 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 1.79 | 1.04 | 1.06 | 0.83 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.88 |
| 168 | 262.0 | 0.94 | 0.69 | 0.75 | 1.12 | 0.86 | 0.75 | 0.95 | 1.84 | 0.95 | 0.96 | 0.93 | 0.99 | 1.23 | 0.85 |
| 169 | 191.0 | 1.04 | 0.97 | 0.83 | 0.93 | 1.04 | 0.75 | 1.23 | 1.95 | 1.05 | 0.95 | 1.06 | 0.87 | 0.92 | 1.08 |
| 170 | 289.0 | 1.31 | 1.16 | 1.04 | 1.17 | 1.23 | 0.95 | 1.43 | 2.38 | 1.28 | 1.20 | 1.32 | 1.06 | 1.09 | 1.26 |
| 171 | 413.0 | 1.50 | 1.25 | 1.19 | 1.33 | 1.34 | 1.10 | 1.50 | 2.53 | 1.42 | 1.37 | 1.52 | 1.44 | 1.32 | 1.32 |
| 172 | 209.0 | 1.08 | 1.01 | 0.86 | 0.96 | 1.08 | 0.74 | 1.31 | 1.94 | 1.08 | 0.95 | 1.12 | 0.92 | 0.94 | 1.12 |
| 173 | 232.0 | 1.15 | 1.08 | 0.92 | 1.03 | 1.14 | 0.80 | 1.39 | 2.08 | 1.14 | 1.02 | 1.20 | 0.93 | 0.91 | 1.19 |
| 174 | 221.0 | 1.27 | 1.18 | 1.01 | 1.13 | 1.27 | 0.89 | 1.53 | 1.91 | 1.27 | 1.12 | 1.32 | 1.02 | 0.96 | 1.26 |
| 175 | 236.0 | 1.27 | 1.19 | 1.01 | 1.13 | 1.25 | 0.92 | 1.50 | 1.91 | 1.27 | 1.16 | 1.29 | 1.01 | 1.02 | 1.31 |
| 176 | 253.0 | 1.35 | 1.26 | 1.08 | 1.20 | 1.33 | 0.98 | 1.59 | 2.04 | 1.35 | 1.24 | 1.38 | 1.04 | 1.04 | 1.40 |
| 177 | 237.0 | 1.33 | 1.23 | 1.06 | 1.21 | 1.28 | 1.00 | 1.56 | 2.10 | 1.31 | 1.22 | 1.35 | 1.06 | 1.01 | 1.34 |
| 178 | 280.0 | 1.42 | 1.32 | 1.13 | 1.26 | 1.41 | 0.98 | 1.71 | 2.05 | 1.42 | 1.25 | 1.47 | 1.10 | 1.08 | 1.46 |
| 179 | 134.0 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.39 | 0.30 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.78 | 0.53 | 0.24 |
| 180 | 295.5 | 1.14 | 0.97 | 0.91 | 1.00 | 1.01 | 0.89 | 1.14 | 1.91 | 1.09 | 1.10 | 1.15 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.04 |
| 181 | 405.2 | 1.24 | 1.05 | 0.99 | 1.09 | 1.09 | 0.93 | 1.24 | 1.91 | 1.18 | 1.20 | 1.25 | 1.29 | 1.41 | 1.19 |
| 182 | 290.1 | 1.08 | 0.91 | 0.86 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.85 | 1.07 | 1.80 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.09 | 1.01 | 0.98 | 0.97 |
| 183 | 295.8 | 1.05 | 0.88 | 0.84 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 0.84 | 1.04 | 1.77 | 0.97 | 1.01 | 1.06 | 0.90 | 0.92 | 0.95 |
| 184 | 238.1 | 1.00 | 0.84 | 0.79 | 0.87 | 0.92 | 0.74 | 0.99 | 1.63 | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.90 | 0.87 |
| 185 | 329.0 | 1.11 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.97 | 0.94 | 0.86 | 1.10 | 1.66 | 1.00 | 1.02 | 1.13 | 0.99 | 0.92 | 0.98 |
| 186 | 431.0 | 1.06 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 1.05 | 1.60 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 1.08 | 1.11 | 1.04 | 1.01 |
| 187 | 825.0 | 1.76 | 1.29 | 1.40 | 1.54 | 1.30 | 1.44 | 1.49 | 2.01 | 1.55 | 1.63 | 1.86 | 0.85 | 0.78 | 1.27 |
| 188 | 1071.0 | 1.65 | 1.20 | 1.31 | 1.44 | 1.19 | 1.31 | 1.39 | 2.44 | 1.48 | 1.52 | 1.73 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.29 |
| 189 | 365.6 | 1.13 | 0.95 | 0.90 | 1.08 | 0.99 | 0.80 | 1.25 | 1.62 | 1.03 | 1.03 | 1.19 | 0.92 | 0.94 | 1.34 |
| 190 | 391.6 | 1.00 | 0.84 | 0.80 | 0.96 | 0.85 | 0.71 | 1.11 | 1.38 | 0.96 | 0.91 | 1.05 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 1.24 |
| 191 | 431.6 | 1.03 | 0.86 | 0.82 | 0.98 | 0.88 | 0.71 | 1.14 | 1.37 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 1.08 | 1.00 | 1.03 | 1.30 |
| 192 | 477.1 | 1.41 | 1.18 | 1.13 | 1.35 | 1.21 | 1.03 | 1.56 | 2.05 | 1.34 | 1.29 | 1.48 | 1.11 | 1.06 | 1.69 |
| 193 | 137.2 | 0.77 | 0.67 | 0.61 | 0.69 | 0.69 | 0.63 | 0.80 | 1.08 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.77 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.68 |
| 194 | 158.8 | 0.75 | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.68 | 0.60 | 0.78 | 1.25 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.75 | 0.98 | 0.93 | 0.69 |
| 195 | 172.3 | 0.76 | 0.67 | 0.61 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.59 | 0.80 | 1.24 | 0.74 | 0.73 | 0.76 | 0.91 | 0.87 | 0.73 |
| 196 | 443.2 | 1.24 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.10 | 1.08 | 0.90 | 1.19 | 1.93 | 1.16 | 1.14 | 1.27 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.07 |
| 197 | 429.0 | 1.27 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.12 | 1.05 | 0.98 | 1.21 | 1.90 | 1.14 | 1.17 | 1.30 | 1.04 | 1.05 | 1.08 |
| 198 | 328.4 | 1.05 | 0.84 | 0.83 | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.82 | 1.00 | 1.46 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 1.07 | 0.91 | 0.86 | 0.87 |
| 199 | 415.2 | 1.19 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 1.05 | 1.04 | 0.85 | 1.14 | 1.83 | 1.12 | 1.09 | 1.21 | 1.04 | 1.02 | 1.03 |
| 200 | 393.9 | 1.24 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.10 | 1.08 | 0.91 | 1.19 | 2.00 | 1.17 | 1.14 | 1.27 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.04 |
| 201 | 334.7 | 1.24 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.09 | 1.07 | 1.02 | 1.16 | 2.15 | 1.20 | 1.26 | 1.26 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 1.03 |
| 202 | 504.3 | 1.38 | 1.11 | 1.10 | 1.22 | 1.20 | 0.91 | 1.36 | 1.96 | 1.25 | 1.14 | 1.45 | 1.01 | 1.01 | 1.15 |
| 203 | 350.0 | 1.25 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.10 | 1.08 | 1.00 | 1.17 | 2.11 | 1.20 | 1.24 | 1.27 | 0.76 | 0.92 | 0.87 |
| 204 | 438.8 | 1.31 | 1.05 | 1.04 | 1.16 | 1.14 | 0.91 | 1.27 | 1.95 | 1.21 | 1.13 | 1.35 | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.98 |
| AVG | 443.8 | 1.19 | 0.97 | 0.94 | 1.13 | 0.99 | 0.95 | 1.19 | 1.84 | 1.16 | 1.17 | 1.21 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.02 |
| STD | 302.7 | 0.36 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.39 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.35 | 0.55 | 0.34 | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.28 |
| Min | 79.0 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.39 | 0.30 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.62 | 0.53 | 0.24 |
| Max | 1600.0 | 2.41 | 1.97 | 1.92 | 2.57 | 1.91 | 2.27 | 2.27 | 3.48 | 2.32 | 2.47 | 2.48 | 1.48 | 1.41 | 1.71 |
| Equation | Source | Equation | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eq.1 | (Matthys & Taerwe, 2000) | Eq.10 | ACI 440.11-22 |
| Eq.2 | (Ospina et al., 2003) | Eq.11 | JSCE-97 |
| Eq.3 | (El-Ghandour et al. (2003) | Eq.12 | CAN/CSA S806-12 |
| Eq.4 | (Jacobson et al., 2005) | Eq.13 | EN 1992-1-1 (2023) |
| Eq.5 | El-Gamal et al., 2005a) | XGB | eXtreme Gradient Boosting model |
| Eq.8 | (Hemzah et al., 2019) | RF | Random Forest model |
| Eq.9 | Ju et.al (2021) | Eq.18 | Symbolic Regression Technique |

