Growth performance and survival rates of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) reared on diets containing Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae meal Cover

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Growth performance and survival rates of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) reared on diets containing Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae meal

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

Volume 72 (2021): Issue 1 (March 2021)

By: Rita N. Nairuti, Jonathan M. Munguti, Herwig Waidbacher and Werner Zollitsch

Open Access

|Sep 2021

Figures & Tables

Growth curves for O. niloticus fed diets with varying levels of BSFLM during a 72-day culture period.Abbildung 1. Lebendmasse-Entwicklung von O. niloticus, die Futter mit unterschiedlichem BSFLM-Anteil über 72 Tage erhielten.

Composition and results from proximate analysis of test diets fed to Nile tilapia for 72 days containing different levels of black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) as a replacement for fish meal (FM)Tabelle 4_ Zusammensetzung und Rohnährstoff-Gehalt von Rationen, die über 72 Tage an Tilapia verfüttert wurden und unterschiedliche Anteile an Larvenmehl der Schwarzen Soldatenfliege (BSFLM) als Ersatz für Fischmehl (FM) enthielten

Ingredient (g/kg)	Test diets
Ingredient (g/kg)	D1^a (0%)	D2^b (33%)	D3^c (67%)	D4^d (100%)
Freshwater shrimp	300	300	300	315
Fish meal	220	148	74	0
Black soldier fly larvae meal	0	98	195	293
Cotton seed cake	200	200	210	200
Sunflower seed cake	40	40	40	40
Maize germ	177	154	167	73
Starch	10	10	0	50
Fish oil	52	49	13	28
Premix	1	1	1	1
Proximate composition (g/kg)
DM	915	911	912	927
Crude protein	309	313	303	303
Ether extracts	140	116	115	153
Crude fiber	98	98	81	164
Ash	143	113	93	255
NfE	225	271	320	52
ME (MJ/kg)	11.5	12.2	12.2	11.0

Analysed Amino acid composition (g/kg feed; g/kg protein) of fish meal and black soldier fly larvae mealTabelle 2_ Aminosäurezusammensetzung (g/kg Futter; g/kg Protein) von Fischmehl und Larvenmehl der Schwarzen Soldatenfliege

Essential amino acids	FM^a		BSFLM^b
Essential amino acids	g/kg feed	g/kg protein	g/kg feed	g/kg protein
Histidine	13.6	21.8	6.5	25.7
Threonine	22.8	36.7	11.1	44.0
Arginine	33.4	53.8	13.7	54.2
Valine	28.8	46.4	16.3	64.4
Isoleucine	25.4	40.8	12.0	47.5
Phenylanine	23.8	38.3	11.7	46.2
Leucine	44.1	71.1	19.1	75.6
Lysine	42.6	68.6	16.7	66.2
Methionine	16.3	26.2	4.5	17.6
Tryptophan	5.5	8.8	3.4	13.5
Non-essential amino acids
Alanine	41.5	66.8	18.7	73.9
Tyrosine	18.8	30.2	18.0	71.3
Glycine	37.6	60.5	13.9	55.1
Asparagine	51.5	83	25.8	101.8
Glutamate	92.6	149.1	34.5	136.2
Serine	20.1	32.4	11.8	46.8
Cysteine	3.5	5.6	2.5	9.8

Calculated essential amino acid (EAA) content (g/kg feed) of the test diets used for feeding Nile tilapia in the experimental ponds for 72 days_ aD1 = Diet 1, bD2 = Diet 2, cD3 = Diet 3, dD4 = Diet 4_Tabelle 3_ Errechneter Gehalt an essentiellen Aminosäuren in den Rationen (g/kg Lufttrockenmasse), die über 72 Tage an Tilapia verfüttert wurden_ aD1 = Ration 1, bD2 = Ration 2, cD3 = Ration 3, dD4 = Ration 4_

Essential Amino acids	Test Diets
Essential Amino acids	D1^a (0%)	D2^b (33%)	D3^c (67%)	D4^d (100%)
Histidine	9.4	8.6	8.4	6.9
Threonine	16.5	15.4	14.9	13.2
Arginine	30.8	29.0	28.4	25.2
Valine	19.6	18.2	17.7	15.1
Isoleucine	16.3	15.1	14.5	12.7
Phenylanine	18.3	17.1	16.7	14.6
Leucine	29.2	27.0	26.0	22.1
Lysine	25.9	24.1	22.9	20.3
Methionine	10.5	9.7	9.2	8.1
Tryptophan	3.9	3.6	3.5	3.1

Proximate composition of the analysed ingredients used in diet formulation (as fed basis)Tabelle 1_ Rohnährstoff- und Energie-Gehalt der Futterkomponenten (Angaben auf Basis Lufttrockenmasse)DM = Dry matter, NfE = Nitrogen Free Extracts, ME = Metabolizable energy_

Parameter	Unit	FWS^a	FM^b	BSFLM^c	Cottonseed cake	Sunflower cake	Maize germ
DM	g/kg	906	937	958	905	920	894
Crude protein	g/kg	666	621	253	273	423	322
Crude fibre	g/kg	80	59	80	287	179	95
Ether extracts	g/kg	96	124	273	86	99	114
Ash	g/kg	287	300	147	53	53	32
NfE	g/kg	-	-	205	205	166	331
ME	MJ/kg	13.6	13.8	16.2	10.2	12.4	13.8

Mean, minimum and maximum values of physico-chemical parameters of the water during the experimental periodTabelle 5: Physikalisch-chemische Wasserparameter während des Versuchszeitraums (Mittelwert, Minima, Maxima)DO = Dissolved oxygen, TDS = Total dissolved solids, PO4 = Phosphates, NO2 = Nitrites, NO3 = Nitrates, NH4 = Ammonium_ Values represent mean ± SD, n = 3_

Parameter	Unit	Mean	Minimum	Maximum
Temperature	°C	25.8 ± 1.1	23.5	27.8
DO	mg/L	6.8 ± 0.5	5.9	8.2
Conductivity	μS/cm	71.6 ± 16.9	51.1	102.6
TDS	mg/L	45.8 ± 9.8	33.8	63.1
Salinity	mg/L	0.03 ± 0.01	0.02	0.05
pH			7.4	9
PO₄	mg/L	0.002 ± 0.0004	0.002	0.003
NO₂	mg/L	0.001 ± 0.0002	0	0.001
NO₃	mg/L	0.001 ± 0.0002	0.001	0.002
NH₄	mg/L	0.01 ± 0.001	0.01	0.01

j_boku-2021-0002_tab_006

Parameter	Diet 1 (0%)	Diet 2 (33%)	Diet 3 (67%)	Diet 4 (100%)	P-value
Initial BW (g)	51.6 ± 0.53	52.2 ± 0.60	53.0 ± 0.42	52.2 ± 0.74	0.445
Final BW (g)	120.7 ± 6.98	124.5 ± 6.00	118.4 ± 7.16	112.8 ± 2.62	0.580
BWG (g)	69.1 ± 7.33	72.3 ± 6.36	65.4 ± 7.45	60.5 ± 2.11	0.587
SR (%)	96.7 ± 1.92	100.0 ± 0.00	100.0 ± 0.00	98.3 ± 1.67	0.248
SGR	1.2 ± 0.09	1.2 ± 0.08	1.1 ± 0.09	1.1 ± 0.02	0.597
FCR	1.0 ± 0.06	1.0 ± 0.06	1.0 ± 0.07	1.1 ± 0.01	0.647
PER	3.3 ± 0.20	3.4 ± 0.18	3.3 ± 0.25	3.1 ± 0.03	0.826

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/boku-2021-0002 | Journal eISSN: 2719-5430 | Journal ISSN: 0006-5471

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Language: English

Page range: 9 - 19

Submitted on: Sep 4, 2020

Accepted on: Mar 29, 2021

Published on: Sep 18, 2021

Published by: Universität für Bodenkultur Wien

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

alternative protein,

Related subjects:

Life sciences, other

© 2021 Rita N. Nairuti, Jonathan M. Munguti, Herwig Waidbacher, Werner Zollitsch, published by Universität für Bodenkultur Wien
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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