Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Mean values of soil surface temperatures for different mulching covers, for day and night periodsTable 1_ Mittelwerte der Oberflächentemperatur des Bodens der verschiedenen Bodenbedeckungsvarianten für die Tag- und Nachtperioden
| Soil cover treatment | Mulch density (t ha−1) | Mean temperature (°C) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Day | Night | ||
| Bare soil | 0 | 39.13a | 22.18f |
| Elephant grass straw | 2 | 36.69ab | 25.77bcd |
| 4 | 32.87cd | 23.71e | |
| 8 | 30.02def | 26.64ab | |
| Cashew tree leaves | 2 | 32.01cde | 26.13abc |
| 4 | 29.41ef | 27.01a | |
| 8 | 30.31def | 26.56ab | |
| Coconut powder (coir dust) | 2 | 34.09bc | 26.25abc |
| 4 | 31.26cdef | 25.32cd | |
| 8 | 28.22f | 24.18d | |
a) Basic statistics of soil surface temperature register from October 31 to November 4, 2014; b) Data obtained from the soil surface thermograms of the different soil cover treatments, recorded at 10:00 a_m_ and 2:00 p_m_ of October 31, 2014 (see Figure 7)Table 2_ a) Grundlegende Statistiken der Temperaturdaten vom 31_ Oktober 2014 bis zum 4_ November 2014, 8:00 Uhr; b) Daten der Thermogramme der Bodenoberfläche der verschiedenen Bodenbedeckungsvarianten, aufgenommen vom 31_ Oktober 2014, 10:00 Uhr, bis zum 4_ November 2014, 8:00 Uhr (vgl_ Abbildung 7)
| a) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soil cover treatment | Mulch density (t ha−1) | Temperature (°C) | |||||
| Mean | Mode | Median | Max. | Min. | S.D. | ||
| Bare soil | 0 | 30.4 | 24.0 | 24.6 | 53.1 | 18.4 | 10.2 |
| 2 | 31.1 | 25.3 | 27.7 | 52.0 | 23.0 | 7.3 | |
| Elephant grass straw | 4 | 28.2 | 34.4 | 25.7 | 41.4 | 21.0 | 5.7 |
| 8 | 28.2 | 29.9 | 27.5 | 35.9 | 24.2 | 2.7 | |
| 2 | 29.0 | 32.5 | 27.6 | 39.5 | 24.0 | 3.9 | |
| Cashew tree leaves | 4 | 28.1 | 29.2 | 27.3 | 34.0 | 25.0 | 2.1 |
| 8 | 28.3 | 30.6 | 28.1 | 36.2 | 24.6 | 2.8 | |
| 2 | 30.0 | 23.1 | 26.8 | 47.2 | 23.1 | 5.9 | |
| Coconut powder (coir dust) | 4 | 28.2 | 23.1 | 25.6 | 43.0 | 22.4 | 4.5 |
| 8 | 26.4 | 24.6 | 24.6 | 33.0 | 22.9 | 2.6 | |
| Max stands for maximum. Min stands for minimum. S.D. stands for standard deviation. | |||||||