Impact of crop stand, Rhizobium inoculation, and foliar fertilization on pea root parameters

Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra; Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner; Tomasz Gląb; Andrzej Oleksy; Tadeusz Zając

doi:10.2478/boku-2020-0008

.blurhash-client-img { display: none !important; }

Impact of crop stand, Rhizobium inoculation, and foliar fertilization on pea root parameters

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

Volume 71 (2020): Issue 2 (June 2020)

By: Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra, Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner, Tomasz Gląb, Andrzej Oleksy and Tadeusz Zając

Open Access

|Oct 2020

Figures & Tables

Table 1

Weather conditions in the experimental years (2009–2011) and the long-term average (1977–2007) from March to July

Tabelle 1. Wetterverhältnisse in den Versuchsjahren (2009–2011) und der langjährige Durchschnitt (1977–2007) von März bis Juli

Weather conditions	Year	March	April	May	June	July
Temperature (°C)	2009	3.8	12.5	14.2	15.9	20.0
	2010	4.0	7.5	11.7	16.7	20.4
	2011	2.0	9.7	13.2	17.4	17.3
Long-term average		8.3	13.6	16.4	18.2	17.9
Precipitation (mm)	2009	96.6	5.6	55.2	109.2	137
	2010	17.0	66.5	193.2	103.5	208.5
	2011	31.1	29.2	71.5	99.5	167.5
Long-term average		48.0	65.0	66.0	78.0	76.0

Table 2

Effect of year, crop stand, and treatments on pea root parameters

Tabelle 2. Einfluss von Jahr, Pflanzenbestand und Behandlung auf die Wurzelparameter von Erbse

		RLD (cm cm⁻³)	MRD (mm)	RDM (mg cm⁻³)	Root nodules (plant⁻¹)

Year (Y)	2009	0.398	0.537^a	0.310^b	24.8^b
	2010	0.454	0.402^b	0.309^b	15.9^c
	2011	0.420	0.366^c	0.476^a	30.2^a
Crop stand (S)	Pure pea	0.398	0.437^a	0.357	20.6
	Pea/linseed	0.492	0.450^a	0.372	20.5
	Pea/wheat	0.430	0.408^b	0.338	18.7
Treatment (T)	Nitragina	0.380^b	0.421	0.355^ab	19.1
	Photrel	0.471^a	0.434	0.332^b	20.7
	Nitragina + Photrel	0.426^ab	0.446	0.379^a	20.7

ANOVA
Year (Y)		ns	***	***	**
Crop stand (S)		ns	*	ns	ns
Treatment (T)		*	ns	**	ns
Y × S		ns	*	*	ns
Y × T		ns	ns	***	ns
S × T		ns	ns	*	ns
Y × S × T		ns	ns	***	ns

[i] RLD = root length density; MRD = mean root diameter, RDM = root dry mass, ns = not significant, significant differences at p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.01 (**) and p < 0.001 (***). Different letters indicate significant differences between means.

Table 3

Root length density (RLD) distrubution depending on root fractions

Tabelle 3. Verteilung der Wurzellängendichte (RLD) in Abhängigkeit der Wurzelfraktionen

Root Fractions (root diameter in mm)	RLD (cm cm⁻³)
0.05–0.1	0.3421^d
0.1–0.2	1.1719^a
0.2–0.5	1.0636^b
0.5–1	0.5904^c
1–2	0.1789^e
> 2	0.0511^f
p-value	^***

[i] Significant difference at p < 0.001 (***). Different letters indicate significant differences between means.

Table 4

Mean root diameter (MRD) depending on year × crop stand

Tabelle 4. Mittlerer Wurzeldurchmesser (MRD) in Abhängigkeit von Jahr × Pflanzenbestand

	MRD (mm)
	Pure pea	Pea/linseed	Pea/wheat

2009	0.534^a	0.529^a	0.553^a
2010	0.409^bc	0.436^b	0.334^c
2011	0.371^bc	0.382^bc	0.337^c

[i] Different letters indicate significant differences between means.

Table 5

Root dry mass (RDM) depending on year × crop stand, year × treatment and crop stand × treatment

Tabelle 5. Wurzeltrockenmasse (RDM) in Abhängigkeit von Jahr × Pflanzenbestand, Jahr × Behandlung und Pflanzenbestand × Behandlung

	RDM (mg cm⁻³)
	Pure pea	Pea/linseed	Pea/wheat

2009	0.286^c	0.332^bc	0.336^bc
2010	0.315^bc	0.327^bc	0.264^c
2011	0.491^a	0.497^a	0.415^ab
	Nitragina	Photrel	Nitragina + Photrel

2009	0.334^cd	0.288^d	0.309^d
2010	0.309^d	0.313^d	0.304^d
2011	0.429^b	0.428^bc	0.562^a
	Nitragina	Photrel	Nitragina + Photrel

Pure pea	0.343^ab	0.347^ab	0.379^a
Pea/linseed	0.360^ab	0.361^ab	0.390^a
Pea/wheat	0.381^ab	0.268^b	0.364^ab

[i] Different letters indicate significant differences between means.

Table 6

The ISCROOT indicator (%) for comparing root dry matter of pea in pure stand versus intercropping

Tabelle 6. Der ISCROOT-Indikator (%) für den Vergleich der Wurzeltrockenmasse von Erbse in der Reinsaat versus im Gemengeanbau

	ICE_ROOT¹
	Pea/linseed	Pea/wheat

009	−14.3	−16.1
2010	−1.24	13.0
2011	−3.29	14.7

1 Positive value = stronger competition of the companion crop toward pea. Negative value = stimulating effect of the companion crop on pea.

References

Authors

Metrics

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/boku-2020-0008 | Journal eISSN: 2719-5430 (formerly 0006-5471) | Journal ISSN: 0006-5471

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English, German

Page range: 77 - 85

Submitted on: Apr 1, 2020

Accepted on: May 14, 2020

Published on: Oct 23, 2020

Published by: Universität für Bodenkultur Wien

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: Volume open

Keywords:

Pisum sativum,

morphological root traits,

Related subjects:

Ecology,

© 2020 Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra, Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner, Tomasz Gląb, Andrzej Oleksy, Tadeusz Zając, published by Universität für Bodenkultur Wien
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 71 (2020): Issue 2 (June 2020)