Figure 1
Overview of reviewed literatureTabelle 1_ Übersicht der analysierten Literatur
| Focus Area | Primary Method | Considered Uncertainty | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tarantilis and Kiranoudis (2001) | Distribution planning | Metaheuristic | - |
| Hsu et al. (2007) | Last-mile deliveries | Metaheuristic | Travel speed |
| van der Vorst (2009) | Supply chain redesign | Simulation | Product Quality; Yield |
| Rong et al. (2011) | Distribution planning | Exact optimization | - |
| Amorim and Almada-Lobo (2014) | Distribution planning | Metaheuristic | - |
| Mirzaei and Seifi (2015) | Distribution planning | Exact optimization | - |
| Bortolini et al. (2016) | Network planning | Exact optimization | - |
| Song and Ko (2016) | Distribution planning | Exact optimization | - |
| Accorsi et al. (2017) | Distribution planning | Exact optimization | - |
| Fikar (2018) | Last-mile deliveries | Simulation | Product quality; demand |
| Fikar et al. (2018) | Last-mile deliveries | Simulation | Demand |
| Hsiao et al. (2018) | Last-mile deliveries | Metaheuristic | - |
| Estrada-Moreno et al. (2019) | Last-mile deliveries | Metaheuristic | - |
| Fikar et al. (2019) | Last-mile deliveries | Simulation | Demand; Preferences |
| Leithner and Fikar (2019) | Distribution planning | Simulation | Quality; Yield; Demand |
Results of the computational experimentsTabelle 2_ Ergebnisse der Computerexperimente
| Expected demand: 500 items per day | |||
| Items Shipped (units) | Food Waste (units) | Food Quality (days) | |
| FEFO | 494.44 ± 4.24 | 14.08 ± 3.58 | 3.57 ± 0.67 |
| LEFO | 492.06 ± 4.93 | 54.40 ± 6.51 | 6.33 ± 0.43 |
| Random | 494.01 ± 5.30 | 34.62 ± 5.29 | 4.98 ± 0.53 |
| Expected demand: 750 items per day | |||
| Items Shipped (units) | Food Waste (units) | Food Quality (days) | |
| FEFO | 740.19 ± 8.89 | 17.52 ± 4.21 | 3.71 ± 0.46 |
| LEFO | 736.75 ± 9.16 | 75.26 ± 7.55 | 6.23 ± 0.30 |
| Random | 739.30 ± 7.48 | 44.86 ± 6.37 | 5.00 ± 0.38 |
| Expected demand: 1,000 items per day | |||
| Items Shipped (units) | Food Waste (units) | Food Quality (days) | |
| FEFO | 985.18 ± 13.46 | 21.40 ± 4.82 | 3.79 ± 0.41 |
| LEFO | 980.26 ± 15.64 | 95.53 ± 9.86 | 6.07 ± 0.25 |
| Random | 982.26 ± 18.03 | 54.38 ± 7.82 | 4.95 ± 0.32 |