The Expression Profile of Wnt/β-Catenin Signalling Pathway Genes in Miscarriages

Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics

Volume 28 (2025): Issue 1 (June 2025)

By:

E Gulseren, C B A Garber, T Hamad Al, A C Ozay, G Mocan, G S Temel and C M Ergoren

Open Access

|Oct 2025

Figures & Tables

Expression levels of GSK3β (a), WNT4 (b), WNT5A (c), WNT3A (d), DVL1 (e), β-catenin (f), AXIN2 (g), APC (h) genes in normal karyotype and abnormal karyotype in spontaneous abortion sample groups.

The sequence of primers forward and reverse primers obtained from oligomer stock for Wnt signalling genes_

Gene	Forward primers	Reverse primers
β-Catenin	AGACGGAGGAAGGTCTGAGG	TTCAAATACCCTCAGGGGAACA
APC	ACGCGCTTACTGTGAAACCT	GCCTGTAGTCCCCCTAGTTC
AXIN 2	CCCGAGAGCCGGGAAATAAA	CTCCTCTCTTTTACAGCAGGGC
WNT3A	GAGCAGGACTCCCACCTAAAC	AGACACTAGCTCCAGGGAGGA
WNT4	CATGAGTCCCCGCTCGTG	CCAGGTACAGCCAGTTGCTC
WNT5A	TCGCTGATGGACGTTGGAAA	CCAATGGACTTCTTCATGGCG
GSK3β	ACAGCAGCGTCAGATGCTAA	TGACCAGTGTTGCTGAGTGA
DVL1	CAGCAGAGTGAAGGGAGCAA	GGTTCCCCATAGCCTTCTGG

statistical analysis of WNT3A, WNT4, WNT5A, β-Catenin, APC, AXIN2, DVL1, and GSK3β

Group Statistics
Genes	Karyotype	Sample Numbers	Mean	p-Value	Std. Error Mean
WNT3A	Abnormal	8	0.7922	0.170	0.3205
WNT3A	Normal	15	1.9469	0.170	0.7413
WNT4	Abnormal	8	1.4901	0.176	0.5198
WNT4	Normal	15	2.8678	0.176	0.8356
WNT5A	Abnormal	8	0.5011	0.592	0.1243
WNT5A	Normal	15	0.4101	0.592	0.1108
β-Catenin	Abnormal	8	1,20	0,255	0,101
β-Catenin	Normal	15	1,05	0,255	0,09
APC	Abnormal	8	2.3400	0.485	1.2200
APC	Normal	15	4.1420	0.485	1.7310
AXIN2	Abnormal	8	0.0690	0.501	0.4620
AXIN2	Normal	15	0.1400	0.501	0.0710
DVL1	Abnormal	8	0,93	0,350	0,024
DVL1	Normal	15	1,01	0,350	0,061
GSK3β	Abnormal	8	0,62	0,033	0,06
GSK3β	Normal	15	1,01	0,033	0,09

Samples with normal and abnormal karyotypes_

Sample No	Karyotype	Year
1	45, X	2019
2	46, XX	2017
3	46, XX	2021
4	46, XX	2021
5	46,XY,inv(9)(p11q13)	2018
6	45, X	2019
7	46, XX	2019
8	46, XX	2020
9	92, XX	2020
10	46, XX	2020
11	46, XX	2021
12	46, XX	2019
13	47, XX	2022
14	46, XX	2022
15	46, XX	2020
16	46, XX	2021
17	69, XXY	2018
18	46, XX	2018
19	46, XX	2021
20	46, XX	2019
21	46, XY+21	2017
22	46, XX	2021
23	46, XX	2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bjmg-2025-0005 | Journal eISSN: 2199-5761

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Language: English

Published on: Oct 8, 2025

Published by: Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 2 times per year

Keywords:

Wnt/β-Catenin signal pathway,

Spontaneous abortion,

Related subjects:

Basic medical science,

Basic medical science, other

© 2025 E Gulseren, C B A Garber, T Hamad Al, A C Ozay, G Mocan, G S Temel, C M Ergoren, published by Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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