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A contrast-ratio representation of directional departure from marginal mean equality in ordinal square contingency tables Cover

A contrast-ratio representation of directional departure from marginal mean equality in ordinal square contingency tables

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Open Access
|Nov 2026
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Abstract

For ordinal square contingency tables with equally spaced category scores, we give an explicit contrast-ratio representation of the angular measure of departure from marginal mean equality introduced by Ando (2024). The bounded contrast D and the angular measure Ψ satisfy Ψ = (4/π) arctan(D) and therefore contain the same directional information. Ratio and half-log-ratio identities clarify the interpretation of the aggregated cumulative marginal quantities. A ratio-of-means formulation gives a compact asymptotic variance and two simple confidence intervals: a naive Wald interval and an atanh-transformed Wald interval. The transformed interval respects the parameter range whenever defined, but is unavailable at boundary estimates. Simulations examine departures at a fixed denominator and null scenarios with smaller denominators; performance for non-null departures combined with a small denominator is not established. Paired insomnia data illustrate reporting on equivalent scales and the coding-dependent interpretation of between-group comparisons. The contribution is improved representation, interpretation, and formulation of large-sample inference, rather than additional information or a general finite-sample guarantee.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bile-2026-0009 | Journal eISSN: 2199-577X (formerly 1896-3811) | Journal ISSN: 1896-3811
Language: English
Published on: Nov 10, 2026
Published by: Polish Biometric Society
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2026 Shuji Ando, published by Polish Biometric Society
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.