Abstract
Hericium erinaceus (HE), also known as “Lion’s Mane”, is a mushroom with demonstrated neuroprotective potential and cognitive function support. The aim of this review was to maintain current clinical studies on the efficacy and safety of HE supplementation. The review was based on literature sourced from reputable databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, ensuring access to the most recent and reliable scientific works. Studies published from 2019 onwards were prioritized to maintain the relevance and currency of findings.
The results of four key studies were analyzed, encompassing interventions lasting from 4 to 49 weeks and involving participant groups ranging from 31 to 68 individuals. Findings indicated that HE supplementation contributes to improvements in cognitive test scores, particularly in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and increases serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). One study also reported enhanced diversity of gut microbiota, suggesting a potential mechanism of action of HE through the gut-brain axis. Adverse effects were rare and typically limited to mild gastrointestinal discomfort, with one study reporting a 14.3% withdrawal rate due to side effects.
The conclusions suggest that HE holds promise as a safe and effective supplement for supporting cognitive functions and neuroprotection, especially in older adults or those with mild cognitive impairments. However, further large-scale and longer-term studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of long-term use and to better understand the mechanisms of HE’s action.