Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Comparison of IZC bone screw angulation with respect to dental landmarks on the PA cephalogram and the CBCT scan_
| Landmarks | N | Mean | SD | T | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LONG AXIS OF MAXILLARY 1ST MOLAR | |||||
| RIGHT | |||||
| PA-CEPH | 19 | 42.1 | 10.28 | 0.65 | 0.2 |
| CBCT | 19 | 44.1 | 10.21 | ||
| LEFT | |||||
| PA-CEPH | 19 | 43.3 | 10.54 | 0.7 | 0.2 |
| CBCT | 19 | 41.7 | 11.99 | ||
| FACIAL PLANE OF MAXILLARY 1ST MOLAR | |||||
| RIGHT | |||||
| PA-CEPH | 19 | 39.0 | 12.83 | 2.1 | 0.02* |
| CBCT | 19 | 44.5 | 7.39 | ||
| LEFT | |||||
| PA-CEPH | 19 | 40.1 | 11.56 | 2.1 | 0.02* |
| CBCT | 19 | 44.9 | 9.28 | ||
Points_
| Points | Location |
|---|---|
| Crista galli (Cg) | Most superior point at intersection with sphenoid.8 |
| Jugale left (Jl) | At jugal process, intersection of outline of maxillary tuberosity and zygomatic buttress on left side.9 |
| Jugale right (Jr) | At jugal process, intersection of outline of maxillary tuberosity and zygomatic buttress on right side |
| Upper 6 left (U6l) | Most buccal point at upper first molar crown on left side.10 |
| Upper 6 right (U6r) | Most buccal point at upper first molar crown on right side |
| Menton (Me) | Most inferior point of symphysis of mandible.11 |
| Zygomatic point (Zl) | The point on the postero-inferior border of zygomatic arch on left side |
| Zygomatic point (Zr) | The point on the postero-inferior border of zygomatic arch on right side |
Comparison of IZC bone screw angulation with respect to skeletal landmarks on PA cephalogram and the CBCT scan_
| Landmarks | N | Mean | SD | T | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INTER-JUGALE PLANE | |||||
| RIGHT | |||||
| PA-CEPH | 19 | 45.9 | 8.70 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
| CBCT | 19 | 46.3 | 8.79 | ||
| LEFT | |||||
| PA-CEPH | 19 | 45.0 | 8.76 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| CBCT | 19 | 44.6 | 10.36 | ||
| MID-SAGITTAL PLANE | |||||
| RIGHT | |||||
| PA-CEPH | 19 | 48.3 | 8.18 | 0.15 | 0.4 |
| CBCT | 19 | 48.4 | 7.88 | ||
| LEFT | |||||
| PA-CEPH | 19 | 50.6 | 11.29 | 1.2 | 0.1 |
| CBCT | 19 | 50.9 | 11.27 | ||
| ZYGOMATIC ARCH | |||||
| RIGHT | |||||
| PA-CEPH | 19 | 88.7 | 9.32 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| CBCT | 19 | 88.5 | 9.85 | ||
| LEFT | |||||
| PA-CEPH | 19 | 84.7 | 12.27 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| CBCT | 19 | 84.1 | 11.23 | ||
Planes_
| S.NO. | ||
|---|---|---|
| Skeletal landmarks | ||
| 1 | Inter-jugale plane | Two jugale points are marked on either side of the maxilla. A horizontal line is drawn joining the two jugale points. This is the inter-jugale plane |
| 2 | Mid-sagittal plane | A vertical line is drawn from the crista galli to the menton. This is the mid-sagittal plane |
| 3 | Zygomatic arch | A tangent is drawn along the zygomatic point |
| Dental landmarks | ||
| 5 | Long axis of the maxillary 1st molar | Two reference lines are drawn. First line is a horizontal line that represents the maxillary occlusal plane and the second line is a vertical line along the long axis of the maxillary 1st molar perpendicular to the occlusal plane |
| 6 | Facial plane of maxillary 1st molar | A vertical line tangent to the buccal surface of the distobuccal root of the molar is drawn. This is the facial plane |