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Isolated Facial Wound from an Airgun in a Child: A Literature Review and Clinical Case Report Cover

Isolated Facial Wound from an Airgun in a Child: A Literature Review and Clinical Case Report

Open Access
|Feb 2026

Abstract

Introduction

Airguns are non-firearm pneumatic barrel weapons whose ammunition consists of solid metal objects – pellets. These weapons are known as BB guns. The muzzle velocity (projectile speed) is classified as low, medium, and high. The severity of injuries to the maxillofacial region is significant, but rarely fatal. The affected structures of the head and face are highly specialized, and their function remains permanently impaired. Treatment of these injuries requires removal of the projectile and wound debridement to reduce post-traumatic scarring.

Clinical Case Description

We present the clinical case of a 14-year-old boy who sustained an injury while playing with an airgun, inflicted by a friend of the victim. The patient presented for treatment 10 days after the occurrence of injury, and the treatment included projectile extraction, surgical wound debridement, and 7 days of antibiotic therapy.

Discussion and Conclusions

Injuries caused by airguns in the maxillofacial region are serious traumas. They can affect neural and vascular structures, jawbones, sinuses, salivary glands, the eye, etc. Early treatment is a factor that reduces the risks of complications and sequelae.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amb-2026-0009 | Journal eISSN: 2719-5384 | Journal ISSN: 0324-1750
Language: English
Page range: 64 - 68
Submitted on: Feb 25, 2025
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Accepted on: Apr 9, 2025
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Published on: Feb 21, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2026 E. Aleksiev, M. Kondeva, Z. Mihaylova, B. Calenic, published by Medical University - Sofia
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.