An Individualized Approach in the Management of Thyroid Dysfunction Associated with Checkpoint Inhibitors – A Clinical Case Series

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a revolutionary class of drugs for the treatment of a number of oncological diseases by harnessing the immune system to coun-teract malignant cells. However, their use as antitumor agents is accompanied by a wide range of immune-mediated adverse effects, including endocrinopathies. Among the latter, thyroid dysfunction stands out as one of the most common. This article presents six different clinical cases of thyroid damage with an emphasis on thorough clinical examination aided by imaging and precise interpretation of hormonal studies. The management of thyroid-related immune-mediated side effects requires an individualized approach, taking into account the severity and dynamics of the abnormalities, the clinical condition of the patient and the stage of the malignancy.