Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.
Fig. 10.
Fig. 11.
Fig. 12.
Buckling force values
| 1 (EXP) | 2 (EXP) | 3 (EXP) | EXPavg | EXPSD | FEM | FEM/EXPavg | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 19,169 N | 18,512 N | 19,002 N | 18,894 N | 279 N | 20,671 N | 1.09 |
| B | 18,544 N | 18,892 N | 18,771 N | 18,736 N | 144 N | 19,556 N | 1.04 |
| C | 13,818 N | 13,352 N | 13,284 N | 13,485 N | 237 N | 14,037 N | 1.04 |
Damage initiation force values
| 1 (EXP) | 2 (EXP) | 3 (EXP) | EXPavg | EXPSD | FEM | FEM/EXPavg | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 20,234 N | 23,557 N | 21,042 N | 21,611 N | 1,415 N | 24,694 N | 1.14 |
| B | 27,537 N | 26,916 N | 27,615 N | 27,356 N | 312 N | 28,679 N | 1.05 |
| C | 31,081 N | 30,128 N | 30,304 N | 30,504 N | 414 N | 31,074 N | 1.02 |
Fracture force values
| 1 (EXP) | 2 (EXP) | 3 (EXP) | EXPavg | EXPSD | FEM | FEM/EXPavg | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 35,047 N | 36,904 N | 40,121 N | 37,357 N | 2,096 N | 38,358 N | 1.03 |
| B | 37,513 N | 40,139 N | 37,722 N | 38,458 N | 1,192 N | 38,703 N | 1.01 |
| C | 39,800 N | 39,151 N | 40,573 N | 39,841 N | 581 N | 40,463 N | 1.02 |