Table 1.
Akkermansia muciniphila is positively associated with improved metabolic profiles, enhanced mucosal immunity, and a robust epithelial barrier.
| Mechanism | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Mucin degradation + mucus stimulation | Promotes goblet cell proliferation and maintains mucus thickness | Si et al. (2022) |
| Barrier reinforcement | Enhances tight junctions (ZO1, occludin, claudins), and TER ↑ | |
| Immune modulation | ↓ proinflammatory cytokines, ↑ IL-10, and ↑ Tregs |
Figure1.
Summary of the role of A.muciniphila in health and disease. Illustration created using Biorender (www.biorender.com). Agreement number: CA28PV7H2E