
Scenario-based facility plant design strategies for post-industrial coastal area transformation: A decision support framework for sustainable urban landscape at İzmir Port, Türkiye
By: Necmettin Gür and Özgür Kahraman
References
- Adak, U. (2022) “Uluslararası İmtiyaz Mücadeleleri Bağlamında On Dokuzuncu Yüzyılda İzmir Limanı” (The Port of Izmir in the nineteenth century in the context of international concession struggles), Alınteri Journal of Social Sciences, 6(2), pp. 145–159. https://doi.org/10.30913/alinterisosbil.1203971 (in Turkish)
- Aerts, J.C.J.H., Botzen, W.J.W., Emanuel, K., Lin, N., de Moel, H., Michel-Kerjan, E.O. (2014) “Evaluating flood resilience strategies for coastal megacities”, Science, 344(6183), pp. 473–475. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1248222
- Ariff, H., Salit, M.S., Ismail, N., Nukman, Y. (2008) “Use of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) for selecting the best design concept”, Jurnal Teknologi, 49(A), pp. 1–18. https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v49.188
- Bertocci, I., Dell’Anno, A., Musco, L., Gambi, C., Saggiomo, V., Cannavacciuolo, M., Lo Martire, M., Passarelli, A., Zazo, G., Danovaro, R. (2019) “Multiple human pressures in coastal habitats: variation of meiofaunal assemblages associated with sewage discharge in a post-industrial area”, Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 655, pp. 1218–1231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.121
- Darko, A., Chan, A.P.C., Ameyaw, E.E., Owusu, E.K., Pärn, E., Edwards, D.J. (2019) “Review of application of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in construction”, International Journal of Construction Management, 19(5), pp. 436–452. https://doi.org/10.1080/15623599.2018.1452098
- Dormidontova, V., Belkin, A. (2018) “The Use of Post-Industrial Areas in the Formation of the Recreational Environment of the City”, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 463(3), 032091. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/463/3/032091
- Dönmez, S., Dönmez, I.E., Yazici, N. (2024) “Determination of morphological characteristics and adaptation capabilities of two Teucrium taxa”, Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 22(4), pp. 3743–3754. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2204_37433754
- Durgun, A. (2007) “ISPARTA TURİZMİNİN SWOT ANALİZİ” (SWOT analysis of Isparta tourism), Journal of Suleyman Demirel University Institute of Social Sciences, 3(5), pp. 93–109. [online] Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/sbe/article/247839 [Accessed: 30 Sep 2025] (in Turkish)
- Erdem Kaya, M. (2023) “From remediation to landscape design: design tactics and landscape typologies derived from post-industrial experiences”, Landscape Research, 48(3), pp. 331–353. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2022.2150754
- Eskidemir, K., Aytaç, G., Aman, D.D. (2019) “Kentlerde Post Endüstriyel Alanların Yeniden Kullanımı: İstanbul Osmanlı Dönemi Sanayi Alanları” (Reuse of post-industrial areas in cities: Istanbul Ottoman Period Industrial Areas), Journal of Medeniyet Art, 5(1), pp. 44–60. [online] Available at: https://izlik.org/JA63MR84NY [Accessed: 30 Sep 2025] (in Turkish)
- Fiorentino, S., Sielker, F., Tomaney, J. (2024) “Coastal towns as ‘left-behind places’: economy, environment and planning”, Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 17(1), pp. 103–116. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad045
- Google Earth Pro (2025) “İzmir Port”, Google. [online] Available at: https://earth.google.com/web/@38.44441765,27.15994463,2998.18518832a,0d,35y,0.0019h,0t,0r/data=CgRCAggB [Accessed: 20 Sep 2025)
- Graells, G., Nakamura, N., Celis-Diez, J.L., Lagos, N.A., Marquet, P.A., Pliscoff, P., Gelcich, S. (2021) “A review on coastal urban ecology: research gaps, challenges, and needs”, Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol. 8, 617897. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.617897
- Gür, N., Kahraman, Ö. (2024) “Çanakkale Florasında Doğal Olarak Yetişen Bazı Geofit Türlerinin Süs Bitkisi Olarak Kullanılabilirliğinin AHP ve TOPSIS Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi” (Evaluation of the usability
- of some geophyte species growing naturally in Çanakkale Flora as ornamental plants by AHP and TOPSIS method), The Journal of Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15(2), pp. 111–124. https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.1538426 (in Turkish)
- Jamini, D., Komasi, H., Yazdi, A.K., Hanne, T., Coluccio, G. (2025) “Scenario planning for food tourism in Iran’s rural areas: ranking strategies using picture Fuzzy AHP and COPRAS”, Sustainability, 17(21), 9524. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219524
- Karaismailoğlu, B., Karahan, F. (2025) “Reassessing urban sustainability through blue-green infrastructure: A theoretical and systemic perspective on contemporary urbanisation”, In: Demirel, O., Duzgunes, E. (eds.) Landscape Research V, Livre de Lyon, Lyon, France, pp. 73–118. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.17181944
- Khandare, R.V., Desai, S.B., Bhujbal, S.S., Watharkar, A.D., Biradar, S.P., Pawar, P.K., Govindwar, S.P. (2017) “Phytoremediation of fluoride with garden ornamentals Nerium oleander, Portulaca oleracea, and Pogonatherum crinitum”, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 24, pp. 6833-6839. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8424-8
- Kisvarga, S., Horotán, K., Wani, M.A., Orlóci, L. (2023) “Plant responses to global climate change and urbanization: Implications for sustainable urban landscapes”, Horticulturae, 9(9), 1051. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9091051
- Lee, H., Geum, Y. (2017) “Development of the scenario-based technology roadmap considering layer heterogeneity: An approach using CIA and AHP”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 117, pp. 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.01.016
- Lee, M.J. (2019) “Transforming post-industrial landscapes into urban parks: Design strategies and theory in Seoul, 1998–present”, Habitat International, 91, 102023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2019.102023
- Ling, C., Handley, J., Rodwell, J. (2007) “Restructuring the post-industrial landscape: A multifunctional approach”, Landscape Research, 32(3), pp. 285–309. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426390701318171
- Mansuroğlu, S., Dağ, V. (2016) “Bingöl İlinin peyzaj potansiyelinin kırsal turizm olanakları (SWOT analizi yöntemi kullanılarak) açısından değerlendirilmesi” (Evaluation of the landscape potential of Bingöl Province in terms of rural tourism opportunities (using SWOT analysis method)), Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 29(1), pp. 9–16. [online] Available at: https://izlik.org/JA76HA32MH [Accessed: 30 Sep 2025] (in Turkish)
- Mirza, N., Mahmood, Q., Pervez, A., Ahmad, R., Farooq, R., Shah, M.M., Azim, M.R. (2010) “Phytoremediation potential of Arundo donax in arsenic-contaminated synthetic wastewater”, Bioresource technology, Vol. 101, pp. 5815–5819. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.012
- Mukhtar, N., Abbas, Z., Umbreen, S., Harun, N., Hameed, M., Dias, D.A., Semary, H.E., Abideen, Z. (2026) “Phytoremediation Potential of Cynodon dactylon and Cenchrus ciliaris for Nickel-Contaminated Soils: A Promising Approach for Land Restoration”, Land Degradation & Development, 37(8), pp. 3068–3083. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70296
- Nassauer, J.I., Opdam, P. (2008) “Design in science: extending the landscape ecology paradigm”, Landscape ecology, Vol. 23, pp. 633–644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-008-9226-7
- Norton, B.A., Evans, K.L., Warren, P.H. (2016) “Urban biodiversity and landscape ecology: patterns, processes and planning”, Current Landscape Ecology Reports, Vol. 1, pp. 178–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40823-016-0018-5
- Onur, M., Acar, C. (2025) “The interaction between humans and nature examined within the framework of biophilic design”, In: Demirel, O., Duzgunes, E. (eds.) Landscape Research V, Livre de Lyon, Lyon, France, pp. 399–412. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.17181944
- Osmond, D.R., King, R.A., Russo, I.R.M., Bruford, M.W., Stevens, J.R. (2024) “Living in a post-industrial landscape: repeated patterns of genetic divergence in brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) across the British Isles”, Diversity and Distributions, 30(7), pp. 1–19, e13854. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13854
- Özelmas, H.S., Kısar Koramaz, E. (2025) “İstanbul Yaşam Vadileri’nin Biyofilik Boyutları: Kent, Doğa ve Kullanıcı Etkileşimlerinin Değerlendirilmesi” (Biophilic dimensions of Istanbul Life valleys: evaluation of city, nature and user interactions), KAPU Trakya Journal of Architecture and Design, 5(2), pp. 193–211. https://doi.org/10.70370/kapu.1825674 (in Turkish)
- Parlapan, G., Kılıç, S.E., Güney, M.E. (2023) “İzmir Kenti ve Yakın Çevresinde Endüstriyel Miras Rotası Önerisi” (Proposal for an industrial heritage route in İzmir city and its surroundings), Aegean Geographical Journal, 32(1), pp. 89–113. https://doi.org/10.51800/ecd.1256253 (in Turkish)
- Podvezko, V. (2009) “Application of AHP technique”, Journal of Business Economics and management, 10(2), pp. 181–189. https://doi.org/10.3846/1611-1699.2009.10.181-189
- Radziszewska-Zielina, E., Adamkiewicz, D., Szewczyk, B., Kania, O. (2022) “Decision-making support for housing projects in post-industrial areas”, Sustainability, 14(6), 3573. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063573
- Saaty, T.L. (2003) “Decision-making with the AHP: Why is the principal eigenvector necessary”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 145, pp. 85–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(02)00227-8
- Sezen, İ., Esringü, A., Yardımcı, K.S. (2018) “Water efficient use for sustainability of water resources in urban areas: Xeriscape”, Kent Akademisi, 11(4), pp. 474–485. [online] Available at: https://izlik.org/JA98ZP68WX [Accessed: 30.09.2025]
- Sezen, I., Yağanoğlu, S., Akpınar Külekçi, E., Karahan, A. (2023) “Effect of deficit irrigation on growth parameters of the Salvia splendens L., plant”, Water, 15(23), 4187. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15234187
- Sezen, İ., Karahan, A., Külekçi, E.A., Yağanoğlu, S. (2024) “Antirrhinum majus Bitkisinin Gelişim Parametreleri Üzerine Kısıntılı Sulamanın Etkisi” (Effect of limited irrigation on growth parameters of Antirrhinum majus plants), Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 21(4), pp. 1017–1032. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1402676 (in Turkish)
- Staats, D., Klett, J.E. (1995) “Water conservation potential and quality of non-turf groundcovers versus Kentucky bluegrass under increasing levels of drought stress”, Journal of Environmental Horticulture, 13(4), pp. 181–185. https://doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-13.4.181
- Suptelo, O.S., Sehida, K.Y. (2020) “Factors of post-industrial transformations of urban sociogeosystems (case Kharkiv)”, Visnyk of VN Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series Geology. Geography. Ecology, Vol. 53, pp. 194–205. https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2020-53-15
- Turcksin, L., Bernardini, A., Macharis, C. (2011) “A combined AHPPROMETHEE approach for selecting the most appropriate policy scenario to stimulate a clean vehicle fleet”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 20, pp. 954–965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.08.104
- Warsewa, G. (2017) “The transformation of port cities: Local culture and the post-industrial maritime city”, WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, Vol. 170, pp. 149–159. https://doi.org/10.2495/CC170151
- Zhang, X.Y., Choi, J.M. (2022) “A Study on the Landscape Design Strategies for Regeneration of Post-Industrial Sites of the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Region in China”, Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 50(4), pp. 1–19. https://doi.org/10.9715/KILA.2022.50.4.001
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2026-0012 | Journal eISSN: 2729-7640
Language: English
Page range: 2 - 11
Submitted on: May 4, 2026
Accepted on: Jun 3, 2026
Published on: Sep 13, 2026
Published by: Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Related subjects:
© 2026 Necmettin Gür, Özgür Kahraman, published by Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.