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From fiscal sustainability to financial security in old age: Evidence on pension reform in Albania Cover

From fiscal sustainability to financial security in old age: Evidence on pension reform in Albania

By: Elvis Ponari and  Anilda Bozdo  
Open Access
|Nov 2025

References

  1. World Bank. (2015). Albania Pension Reform: Policy Notes. Washington DC: World Bank Group.
  2. The World Bank. (2023). Aging and Social Protection in Europe and Central Asia: Building Systems for the Future. Washington DC: World Bank.
  3. The World Bank. (2024). Western Balkans Regular Economic Report. Washington DC: World Bank Group.
  4. EBRD. (2022). Transition Report 2022–23: Business Environment and Social Resilience in Southeastern Europe. London: European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
  5. European Commission. (2022). Aging Report 2022: Economic and Budgetary Projections for the EU Member States (2019–2070). Brussels: European Commission.
  6. European Commission. (2023). Albania Economic and Reform Program 2023–2025. Brussels: European Commission, Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs.
  7. International Monetary Fund (IMF). (2023). Fiscal Monitor – Social Spending and Aging. Washington DC: International Monetary Fund.
  8. Hoxha, E., & Cani, S. (2019). Fiscal Policy and Pension Reforms in Albania: Challenges and Opportunities. Albanian Journal of Economic Studies, 6(1), 33–50.
  9. INSTAT. (2024). Income and Living Conditions in Albania 2024 (SILC). Tirana: Institute of Statistics. Social Security Institute (ISSH). (2023). Annual report on the pension system in Albania. Tirana: ISSH.
  10. International Labor Organization (ILO). (2021). World Social Protection Report 2020–22: Social Protection at the Crossroads. Geneva: ILO.
  11. Ministry of Finance and Economy, Albania. (2023). Medium-Term Fiscal Framework 2024–2026. Tirana: MFE.
  12. OECD. (2021). The Role of Financial Education in Retirement Planning. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  13. OECD. (2022). Pensions at a Glance: Western Balkans Review. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.
  14. OECD. (2023). Pension Markets in Focus – 2023 Edition. Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
  15. Petkovic, M., & Zivkovic, M. (2020). Reforming Pension Systems in the Western Balkans: Fiscal Sustainability and Demographic Challenges. Economic Annals, 65(226), 45–67.
  16. Government of Albania. (2014). Council of Ministers No. 954, dated 29.12.2014 “On the Reform of the Pension System.” Official Gazette of the Republic of Albania.
  17. Szołno-Koguc, J. (2020). Fiscal Sustainability of Pension Systems in Central and Eastern Europe. Journal of Economic Policy Reform, 23(4), 379–394.
  18. United Nations Development Program (UNDP). (2022). Social Inclusion and Human Development in Albania. Tirana: UNDP Albania.
  19. World Bank. (2018). Western Balkans Labor Market Trends 2018. Washington DC: World Bank.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ajbals-2025-0029 | Journal eISSN: 2410-8693 | Journal ISSN: 2410-3918
Language: English
Page range: 73 - 80
Published on: Nov 13, 2025
Published by: International Institute for Private, Commercial and Competition Law
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 3 issues per year

© 2025 Elvis Ponari, Anilda Bozdo, published by International Institute for Private, Commercial and Competition Law
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License.