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Semaphorin 5A as a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Cover

Semaphorin 5A as a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Open Access
|May 2025

Figures & Tables

Fig 1.

Concentration of serum SEMA5A in JIA patients and healthy controls. JIA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis; SEMA5A, semaphorin 5A.
Concentration of serum SEMA5A in JIA patients and healthy controls. JIA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis; SEMA5A, semaphorin 5A.

Fig 2.

SEMA5A promotes inflammation via different pathways. It increases the proliferation of T and NK cells, leading to higher secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. SEMA5A stimulation leads to activation of synovial fibroblasts by downregulating apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Moreover, it stimulates angiogenesis by increasing endothelial cell migration from preexisting vessels via activation of Met tyrosine kinases. Created using Biorender (www.biorender.com). AKT, protein kinase B; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin kinase; NK, natural killer; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; SEMA5A, semaphorin 5A; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.
SEMA5A promotes inflammation via different pathways. It increases the proliferation of T and NK cells, leading to higher secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. SEMA5A stimulation leads to activation of synovial fibroblasts by downregulating apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Moreover, it stimulates angiogenesis by increasing endothelial cell migration from preexisting vessels via activation of Met tyrosine kinases. Created using Biorender (www.biorender.com). AKT, protein kinase B; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin kinase; NK, natural killer; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; SEMA5A, semaphorin 5A; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

Fig S1.

ROC for SEMA5A as a JIA diagnostic biomarker. JIA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis; ROC, receiver operating characteristic curve; SEMA5A, semaphorin 5A.
ROC for SEMA5A as a JIA diagnostic biomarker. JIA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis; ROC, receiver operating characteristic curve; SEMA5A, semaphorin 5A.

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of study and control groups

Characteristic Study groupControl groupp*value
Gender
Male (no.) 17171.0
Female (no.) 17171.0
Age (years) 9.75 (±4.85)9.89 (±5.00)0.9
Disease subtype
Oligoarticular (%)50n/a
Polyarticular seronegative (%)11.8n/a
Polyarticular seropositive (%)8.8n/a
ERA (%)23.6n/a
Psoriatic arthritis (%)5.8n/a
Median CRP value (mg/L) 12.50.4<0.001
Median ESR value (mm/h) 344<0.001
ANA positivity (%) 88.21n/a
HLA-B27 positivity (%) 35.23n/a
RF positivity (%) 8.82n/a
Anti-CCP positivity (%) 5.88n/a
Mean number of joints with active arthritis (no.) 3.29n/a
Mean CHAQ value 0.45n/a
Mean JADAS 71 value 14.12n/a
Median/mean SEMA5A concentration (ng/mL) in all JIA 2.041.340.002
In oligoarticular JIA1.76 (IQR 1.56)0.33 (IQR 1.33)<0.001
In polyarticular seronegative JIA2.57 (±1.58)1.440.266
In polyarticular seropositive JIA7.57 (±5.26)1.61 (±0.54 ng/mL)0.123
In ERA JIA1.97 (IQR 1.67)1.45 (IQR 1.31)0.25
VEGF-A concentration (pg/mL) 352.69 (IQR 454.64)163.13(IQR 154.54)<0.01
Language: English
Submitted on: Dec 7, 2024
Accepted on: Mar 13, 2025
Published on: May 28, 2025
Published by: Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2025 Justyna Roszkiewicz, Krystyna Wyka, Elżbieta Smolewska, published by Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.