Fig 1.

Fig 2.

Comparison of meta-analyses published between 2022 and 2018 with various treatment regimens for HU in CKD against each other or placebo_ Trials including patients with gout were not mentioned
| Year | UA (mg/dL)a | CKD stage | No. of ptsb | Drugs | End pointsc | Conclusion | Follow-up, months | Reference | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 6.3 ± 1.49 | G2–G4 | 2516 | FBX | eGFR | Favoring FBX | 3–12 | Yang et al. (2024) | 
| 2023 | >6 | G2–G5 | 1521 | ALL/FBX | ΔDGFR | Favoring ULT | 3–36 | Liu et al. (2018b) | 
| 2022 | 7 | G1–G5 | 447 | ALL/FBX/BZB | eGFR | Favoring ALL | >6 | Tien et al. (2022) | 
| 2022 | NS | G1–G4 | 722 | ALL | 
 | 
 | 21–38 | Wu et al. (2022) | 
| 2022 | NS | G2–G5 | 1249 | ALL/FBX/TPX | eGFR | No impact | 5–84 | Yu et al. (2022) | 
| 2022 | Variousd | Various | 866 | ALL | 24HP | Decreased | 2–36 | Luo et al. (2022) | 
| 2022 | 5.96 ± 1.21 | G2–G4 | 1469 | ALL/FBX | eGFR | No impact | 4–27 | Liang et al. (2022) | 
| 2022 | 7.26 ± 0.15 | G1–G4 | 3095 | ALL/FBX | 
 | 
 | 4–36 | Zhang et al. (2022) | 
| 2022 | 7/NA | G2–G4 | 1480 | TPX/FBX/ALL | 
 | 
 | 3–24 | Tsukamoto et al. (2022) | 
| 2022 | Various | Various | 3209 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 0.5–84 | Sapankaew et al. (2022) | 
| 2021 | 4.61 (F)/5.5 (M)/NI | G2–G4 or NI | 1943 | ALL/FBX/BZB | 
 | 
 | 3–27 | Liu et al. (2021a) | 
| 2021 | 7 | Various | 5439 | ALL/FBX/TPX/BZB | 
 | Favoring ULT | >12 | Sharma et al. (2021) | 
| 2021 | 5.5 | Various | 2141 | FBX | eGFR | Increased | 6–NI | Chewcharat et al. (2021) | 
| 2019 | 4.61 | G2–HD | 1317 | FBX | eGFR | Increased | 1–25 | Lin et al. (2019) | 
| 2019 | NS | Various | 402 | FBX | eGFR | Increased | 1–12 | Lin et al. (2019) | 
| 2018 | 5.46 ± 1.25 | G2–G4 | 437 | FBX | eGFR | Increased | 3–48 | Zeng et al. (2018) | 
| 2018 | NI | G1–G4 | 832 | ALL/FBX | eGFR | Favoring ULT | 4–24 | Liu et al. (2018b) |