Figure 1
Comparison of mean age and body composition parameters between baseline and follow-up measurements in all participants (n=24)
| Parameter | Baseline (mean±SD) | Follow-up (mean±SD) | Reference range | p* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 83.3±5.3 | 84.0±5.8 | / | 0.002 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.2±5.9 | 29.3±5.5 | 18.0–24.9 | 0.434 |
| FM (% BW) | 41.4±5.9 | 42.5±4.8 | 12–30 | 0.465 |
| AAT (cm2) | 504.3±117.8 | 503.6±160.8 | <460 | 0.614 |
| FFM (% BW) | 58.5±5.9 | 57.4±4.8 | >75 | 0.465 |
| SM (% FFM) | 27.1±5.9 | 25.4±6.8 | >30 | 0.008 |
| S-score | -1.2±1.7 | -1.4±1.8 | >-1.0 | 0.046 |
| BM (kg) | 2.8±0.7 | 2.7±0.7 | >3.0 | 0.014 |
| T-score | -1.3±1.0 | -1.5±1.1 | >-1.0 | 0.005 |
Results of the Mini Nutritional Assessment forms
| MNA short form | n=24 (%) | p* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Food intake decline (last 3 months) | |||
| Severe | 4 (16.6) | <0.001 | |
| Moderate | 3 (12.5) | ||
| No decline | 17 (70.9) | ||
| Weight loss (last 3 months) | |||
| >3 kg | 5 (20.8) | 0.008 | |
| 1–3 kg | 2 (8.3) | ||
| No weight loss | 10 (41.6) | ||
| Does not know | 2 (8.3) | ||
| Mobility | |||
| Bed-bound | 0 | <0.001 | |
| Goes out | 22 (91.6) | ||
| Doesn’t go out | 2 (8.3) | ||
| Psychological stress or acute disease (last 3 months) | |||
| Yes | 5 (20.8) | <0.001 | |
| No | 19 (79.2) | ||
| Neuropsychological problems | 0 | ||
| Nutritional status | |||
| Normal | 18 (75.0) | 0.045 | |
| Risk of malnutrition | 5 (20.8) | ||
| Malnourished | 1 (4.1) | ||
| MNA full form (selected data) | |||
| Full meals per day | |||
| 1 | 0 | <0.001 | |
| 2 | 1 (4.2) | ||
| 3 | 23 (95.8) | ||
| Dairy products every day | |||
| Yes | 23 (95.8) | <0.001 | |
| No | 1 (4.2) | ||
| Meat, fish, or poultry every day | |||
| Yes | 20 (83.4) | <0.001 | |
| No | 4 (16.6) | ||
| ≥2 servings of fruit or vegetables per day | |||
| Yes | 4 (16.6) | <0.001 | |
| No | 20 (83.4) | ||
| Fluids per day | |||
| <3 cups | 8 (33.3) | 0.021 | |
| 3–5 cups | 16 (66.6) | ||
| Mode of feeding | |||
| Self-fed | 24 (100) | / | |