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Athlete biological passport: longitudinal biomarkers and statistics in the fight against doping Cover

Athlete biological passport: longitudinal biomarkers and statistics in the fight against doping

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology
Volume 75 (2024): Issue 1 (March 2024)
By: Dora Dragčević,  Vlatka Pandžić Jakšić and  Ozren Jakšić  
Open Access
|Mar 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Athlete biological passport (ABP) flowchart process (A) and analyses (B). ABP – athlete biological passport, ADAMS – anti-doping administration and management system, ADO – anti-doping organisation, ADRV – anti-doping rule violation, APF – adverse passport finding, APMU – athlete’s passport management unit, IF – international federation, WADA – World Anti-Doping Agency
Athlete biological passport (ABP) flowchart process (A) and analyses (B). ABP – athlete biological passport, ADAMS – anti-doping administration and management system, ADO – anti-doping organisation, ADRV – anti-doping rule violation, APF – adverse passport finding, APMU – athlete’s passport management unit, IF – international federation, WADA – World Anti-Doping Agency

Figure 2

Examples of HGB, Ret%, OFF-score, and ABPS profiles in the athlete biological passport (ABP) indicative of different types of blood doping (based on available literature data about the influence of rHuEPO, blood transfusion, and blood withdrawal on erythropoiesis and ABP profiles). Legend: blue line – athlete’s measured data in each testing; red line – calculated (expected) reference ranges. Testing points: 1 – physiological values; 2 – withdrawal of 1 blood unit; 3 – reinfusion of 1 blood unit; 4 – beginning of rHuEPO application; 5 – rHuEPO cessation; 6 – physiological values; 7 – predicted reference range for the next testing
Examples of HGB, Ret%, OFF-score, and ABPS profiles in the athlete biological passport (ABP) indicative of different types of blood doping (based on available literature data about the influence of rHuEPO, blood transfusion, and blood withdrawal on erythropoiesis and ABP profiles). Legend: blue line – athlete’s measured data in each testing; red line – calculated (expected) reference ranges. Testing points: 1 – physiological values; 2 – withdrawal of 1 blood unit; 3 – reinfusion of 1 blood unit; 4 – beginning of rHuEPO application; 5 – rHuEPO cessation; 6 – physiological values; 7 – predicted reference range for the next testing

Interpretation of abnormal blood profile scores (ABPS)

ABPS valueInterpretation
<0doping not suspected (“clean athlete”)
0–1possible suspicion of doping
>1doping suspected*

Measured and calculated parameters in athlete biological passport (ABP) modules

ABP moduleMeasured parametersCalculated parameters
HaematologicalHGB
Ret%
Hct
RBC#OFF-score
Ret# OFFscore=[HGB][gL]−60Ret% {\rm{OFFscore}} = \left[ {{\rm{HGB}}} \right]\left[ {\frac{{\rm{g}}}{{\rm{L}}}} \right] - {60} \sqrt {{\mathop{\rm Ret}}\%}
IRF)
MCV
MCHABPS
MCHCHct, HGB, RBC, Ret%, MCV, MCH, and MCHC
RDW
WBC
PLT
SteroidtestosteroneT/E
epitestosteroneA/T
etiocholanoloneA/Etio
5α-androstanediol5a-diol/5b-diol
5β-androstandiol
Endocrinological*IGF-1GH-2000
P-III-NP
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3793 | Journal eISSN: 1848-6312 | Journal ISSN: 0004-1254
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Language: English, Croatian, Slovenian
Page range: 24 - 31
Submitted on: Oct 1, 2023
|
Accepted on: Feb 1, 2024
|
Published on: Mar 29, 2024
Published by: Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
ABP,
biochemical factors,
confounding factors,
haematological module,
steroidal module
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Basic medical science,
Basic medical science, other

© 2024 Dora Dragčević, Vlatka Pandžić Jakšić, Ozren Jakšić, published by Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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