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Epigenetic toxicity and cytotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and its effects on gene expression in embryonic mouse hypothalamus cells Cover

Epigenetic toxicity and cytotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and its effects on gene expression in embryonic mouse hypothalamus cells

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology
Volume 72 (2021): Issue 3 (September 2021)
By: Hun Kim,  Min-Wook Hong,  Yun-ho Bae and  Sung-Jin Lee  
Open Access
|Sep 2021

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Cell viability of mHypoE-N46 cells following PFOA treatment for (A) 24 h and (B) 48 h (MTT assay). Data are shown as mean ± standard error of triplicate measurements. ** p<0.01 and *** p<0.001 compared to control
Cell viability of mHypoE-N46 cells following PFOA treatment for (A) 24 h and (B) 48 h (MTT assay). Data are shown as mean ± standard error of triplicate measurements. ** p<0.01 and *** p<0.001 compared to control

Figure 2

Expression of (A) apoptosis-related genes, (B) cell cycle-related genes, and (C) cell proliferation-related genes after 24 h of exposure to PFOA (qPCR). Data are shown as mean ± standard error of three independent measurements. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, and *** p<0.001 compared to control
Expression of (A) apoptosis-related genes, (B) cell cycle-related genes, and (C) cell proliferation-related genes after 24 h of exposure to PFOA (qPCR). Data are shown as mean ± standard error of three independent measurements. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, and *** p<0.001 compared to control

Figure 3

Expression of (A) ligand (Ngf) and receptor (Ntrk1) genes of the NGF-NTRK1 neurotrophin system and (B) ligand (Bdnf) and receptor (Ntrk2) genes of the BDNF-NTRK2 neurotrophin system after 24 h of exposure to PFOA (PCR). Data are shown as mean ± standard error of three independent measurements. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, and *** p<0.001 compared to control
Expression of (A) ligand (Ngf) and receptor (Ntrk1) genes of the NGF-NTRK1 neurotrophin system and (B) ligand (Bdnf) and receptor (Ntrk2) genes of the BDNF-NTRK2 neurotrophin system after 24 h of exposure to PFOA (PCR). Data are shown as mean ± standard error of three independent measurements. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, and *** p<0.001 compared to control

Figure 4

Epigenetic toxicity of PFOA: (A) relative global methylation levels; (B) relative expression of ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase-encoding Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3; (C) relative expression of DNA methyltransferase-encoding Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, and Dnmt3b, and (D) relative expression of methyl-CpG binding protein 2 genes. Data are shown as mean ± standard error of three independent measurements. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, and *** p<0.001 compared to control
Epigenetic toxicity of PFOA: (A) relative global methylation levels; (B) relative expression of ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase-encoding Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3; (C) relative expression of DNA methyltransferase-encoding Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, and Dnmt3b, and (D) relative expression of methyl-CpG binding protein 2 genes. Data are shown as mean ± standard error of three independent measurements. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, and *** p<0.001 compared to control

List of primer sequences for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction

Gene Primer sequence (5′→3′)Amplicon size
BaxForward:TGCAGAGGATGATTGCTGAC173 bp
Reverse:GATCAGCTCGGGCACTTTAG
Casp3Forward:CTGCCGGAGTCTGACTGGAA97 bp
Reverse:ATCAGTCCCACTGTCTGTCTCAATG
Trp73 (p73)Forward:AGCCTTTGGTTGACTCCTATCG119 bp
Reverse:ACCACCGTGTACCTTGTTCA
Ccna2Forward:ACCTGCCTTCACTCATTGCT139 bp
Reverse:TGGTGAAGGTCCACAAGACA
Ccnb1Forward:CAGTTGTGTGCCCAAGAAGA216 bp
Reverse:CTACGGAGGAAGTGCAGAGG
Ccne1Forward:CACCACTGAGTGCTCCAGAA230 bp
Reverse:CTGTTGGCTGACAGTGGAGA
Cdkn1aForward:GGGATGGCAGTTAGGACTCA244 bp
Reverse:GTGGGGCAAGTGCCTAGATA
Cdk4Forward:CAATGTTGTACGGCTGATGG178 bp
Reverse:CAGGCCGCTTAGAAACTGAC
Rps6Forward:GTCCGCCAGTATGTTGTCAG103 bp
Reverse:GTTGCAGGACACGAGGAGTA
KitlForward:TCATGGTGCACCGTATCCTA170 bp
Reverse:CCTTGGCATGTTCTTCCACT
BdnfForward:GGTATCCAAAGGCCAACTGA183 bp
Reverse:CTTATGAATCGCCAGCCAAT
Ntrk2 (TrkB)Forward:CGCCCTGTGAGCTGAACTCTG171 bp
Reverse:CTGCTTCTCAGCTGCCTGACC
Ntrk1 (TrkA)Forward:GAGGTCTCTGTCCAAGTCAGCG131 bp
Reverse:TTGAACAACCAGCGCAGAGA
NgfForward:CAGACCCGCAACATCACTGTA131 bp
Reverse:CCATGGGCCTGGAAGTCTAG
Tet1Forward:CGAAAGAACAGCCACCAGAT219 bp
Reverse:TTGCTCTTCTTCCCCATGAC
Tet2Forward:GTTGCAAGAAGAAAGCGGAG229 bp
Reverse:CTCTGCCCTTGCTGAAGGT
Tet3Forward:TCCGGATTGAGAAGGTCATC176 bp
Reverse:CCAGGCCAGGATCAAGATAA
Dnmt1Forward:CCTAGTTCCGTGGCTACGAGGAGAA136 bp
Reverse:TCTCTCTCCTCTGCAGCCGACTCA
Dnmt3aForward:CACAGGGCCCGTTACTTCTG76 bp
Reverse:TCCAGCTTATCATTCACAGTGGAT
Dnmt3bForward:TTCAGTGACCAGTCCTCAGACACGAA144 bp
Reverse:TCAGAAGGCTGGAGACCTCCCTCTT
Mecp2_e1Forward:AGGAGAGACTGGAGGAAAAGT70 bp
Reverse:CTTAAACTTCAGTGGCTTGTCT
Mecp2_e2Forward:CTCCATAAAAATACAGACTCACCAGT183 bp
Reverse:CTTAAACTTCAGTGGCTTGTCT
β-actinForward:ATGGTGGGAATGGGTCAGAAG157 bp
Reverse:CACGCAGCTCATTGTAGAAGG
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3555 | Journal eISSN: 1848-6312 | Journal ISSN: 0004-1254
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Language: English, Croatian, Slovenian
Page range: 182 - 190
Submitted on: May 1, 2021
Accepted on: Sep 1, 2021
Published on: Sep 28, 2021
Published by: Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
cytotoxicity,
DNA methylation,
endocrine-disrupting chemicals,
epigenetic toxicity,
mHypoE-N46 cell line,
PFOA
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Basic medical science,
Basic medical science, other

© 2021 Hun Kim, Min-Wook Hong, Yun-ho Bae, Sung-Jin Lee, published by Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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