Abstract
The Saharan Atlas covers important plant resources spread over the plains, mountains, chotts, dayas and desert areas. It is geographically located in the most western part of the Saharan Atlas in the sub sector. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted with the local population (local healers, herbalists, connoisseurs and nomads) to have a better approach to the traditional use of medicinal plants in the Saharan Atlas. It has enabled a floristic inventory of 127 botanical taxa in medicinal spontaneous belong to 36 families and 100 genera plants. The analysis of the surveys shows that the Asteraceae (25%), the Poaceae and Fabaceae (9%) are the three most dominant cosmopolitan families in the floristic list. In general, preparations are commonly used infusion, maceration, infusion and decoction to treat gastrointestinal disorders, respiratory, circulatory, rheumatic pain, kidney, stones, haemorrhoids, lung cooling, indigestion, emmenagogue, upset ear, skin, wounds, constipation, vermifuge, vulnerary, painful menstruation, healing, upset stomach and skin disorder (wounds, burns and abscesses). The inventory is a source of information that contributes to knowledge of medicinal plants and a backup of expertise, from orality to literacy by establishing the monograph of medicinal plants and their uses. It can also be a database for the promotion of medicinal plants to discover new active ingredients used in pharmacology. Knowledge and use of spontaneous plants in therapy, requires increased awareness to preserve, enhance and use plant genetic resources against all factors of spontaneous disappearance of integrating these natural resources in the list of species protected.