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Preliminary in vitro investigation of docetaxel nanomedicines based on cetyl palmitate for inhibition of prostate cancer cells' growth Cover

Preliminary in vitro investigation of docetaxel nanomedicines based on cetyl palmitate for inhibition of prostate cancer cells' growth

Open Access
|Nov 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Binding pockets detected in the crystallographic structure of LRP6 protein, which are located between two main b-propeller domains with docked cetyl palmitate.
Binding pockets detected in the crystallographic structure of LRP6 protein, which are located between two main b-propeller domains with docked cetyl palmitate.

Figure 2.

Time-dependent particle size of docetaxel nanoformulations at 25 °C
Time-dependent particle size of docetaxel nanoformulations at 25 °C

Figure 3.

Images showing shapes of DSLN1 (a), DSLN2 (b), DSLN3 (c), DSLN4 (d) and BSLN (e) nanoparticles.
Images showing shapes of DSLN1 (a), DSLN2 (b), DSLN3 (c), DSLN4 (d) and BSLN (e) nanoparticles.

Figure 4.

FTIR spectra of docetaxel nanoparticle components.
FTIR spectra of docetaxel nanoparticle components.

Figure 5.

Docetaxel solid lipid nanoparticles' release profile.
Docetaxel solid lipid nanoparticles' release profile.

Figure 6.

Percent viability of prostate cancer cell line DU145 after treatment with test nanoparticles.
Percent viability of prostate cancer cell line DU145 after treatment with test nanoparticles.

Effect of 2 months storage at 4 °C on particle size and polydispersity index_

BSLNDSLN1DSLN2DSLN3DSLN4
Particle size (nm)61.8±0.2406.5 ±8.8159.7 ±2.5139.6 ±0.9123.7 ±2.6
Polydispersity index0.079 ±0.0030.472 ±0.0200.189 ±0.0070.208 ±0.0080.205 ±0.003

Drug loading and entrapment for docetaxel-based nanoparticles_

FormulationEntrapment efficiency (%)Drug loading capacity (%)
DSLN173.00 ± 3.09.30 ± 0.35
DSLN280.00 ± 2.010.20 ± 0.13
DSLN384.00 ± 3.010.80 ± 0.09
DSLN481.20 ± 2.010.40 ± 0.06

Flux and permeability coefficient of DTX entrapped in lipid nanoparticles across dialysis membrane_

BatchFlux, J (μg/cm2 h)Permeability coefficient (cm h−1)
DTX0.8482±0.01540.00033928±0
DSLN10.748±0.01810.0002992±0
DSLN30.8276±0.02270.00033104±0
DSLN40.7032± 0.02360.00028128±0

Formulation of docetaxel solid lipid nanoparticles_

IngredientBSLNDSLN1DSLN2DSLN3DSLN4
Docetaxel---5 mg5 mg5 mg5 mg
Rubone------15 μg20 μg20 μg
Cetyl palmitate20 mg20 mg20 mg20 mg20 mg
PC5 mg5 mg5 mg5 mg5 mg
Brij O1010 mg10 mg10 mg10 mg10 mg
Soluplus20 mg20 mg20 mg20 mg20 mg
LHRH------------20 μg
Water qs2 mL2 mL2 mL2 mL2 mL

Particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and conductivity_

FormulationParticle size (nm)Polydispersity indexZeta potential (mV)Conductivity (mS/cm)
BSLN63.26±3.00.087±0.01−14.53±2.00.087 ± 0.002
DSLN1174.93±3.00.344±0.06−14.33±0.50.091±0.001
DSLN2148.03±4.00.201±0.01−8.2±0.30.161±0.002
DSLN3125.77±3.00.237±0.01−9.27±0.20.113±0.001
DSLN4174.87±5.00.393±0.02−7.35±2.20.115±0.002
Language: English
Submitted on: Feb 2, 2025
Accepted on: Aug 26, 2025
Published on: Nov 7, 2025
Published by: Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year
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© 2025 Chukwuma O. Agubata, Rajan Bhattarai, Akachukwu Ibezim, Onyinyechi L. Ugorji, Calister E. Ugwu, Godswill C. Onunkwo, published by Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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